The Baghdad Railway was a project grand in conception and sweeping in scope. At first a modest effort in north-eastern Anatolia, it soon captured the enthusiasm of important men in German and Austrian financial, industrial, and political circles. This growing interest of Germany, by a sort of political third law of motion, engendered an equal and opposite reaction in Russia, France, and England. In this paper I trace the history of the Baghdad Railway from its conception in 1888 to the beginning of World War I. I will show how important the Railway was in the political, economic, and diplomatic events which led up to the First World War.

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