Skip to main content
Log in

Industrial production and utilization of enzymes from flowering plants

  • Semi-Popular Articles
  • Published:
Image Economic Botany Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The papaya tree and barley are the only flowering plants now being utilized to any extent for commercial production of enzymes. The papaya fruit yields papain, a protein-digesting enzyme which can be used to eliminate or modify protein in several industries. Barley is germinated to malt, which contains amylase, necessary for the conversion of starchy materials to fermentable sugars. Malt is used to a great extent in the brewing and distilling industries. Other plants, for example, alfalfa, oranges and beans, are used to a minor extent in the preparation of enzymes for specific industrial purposes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+
from $39.99 /Month
  • Starting from 10 chapters or articles per month
  • Access and download chapters and articles from more than 300k books and 2,500 journals
  • Cancel anytime
View plans

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Bibliography Papain

  • Anon. Selected references on papaya and papain. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Agr. & Ind. Chem. 1937.

  • Balls, A. K. Protein-digesting enzymes of papaya. U. S. Dept. Agr., Circ. 631. 1941.

  • —, Lineweaver, H. and Schwimmer, S. Drying of papaya latex. Ind. & Eng. Chem. 32: 1277. 1940.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elliot, R. Prospects for marketing Hawaiian papaya products in the United States. Univ. Hawaii Agr. Exp. Sta., Dept. Agr. Econ., Bull. 1. 1950.

  • Hwang, K. and Ivy, A. D. A review of the literature on the potential therapeutic significance of papain. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sc. 54: 161. 1951.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McVaugh, R. To make tough meat tender. Agr. in Amer. 3: 134. 1943.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pope, W. T. Papaya culture in Hawaii. Hawaiian Agr. Exp. Sta., Bull. 61. 1930.

  • Traub, H. P., Robinson, T. R. and Stevens, H. E. Papaya production in the United States. U. S. Dept. Agr., Circ. 633. 1942.

  • Wolfe. H. S. and Lynch. S. J. Papaya culture in Florida. Univ. Fla. Agr. Exp. Sta., Bull. 350. 1946.

Amylases

  • Back, T. M.et al. Conversion of corn amylopectin by barley malt enzymes. Ind. & Eng. Chem. 48: 80. 1948.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gustavson, P. R. A rapid method for determining the viability of barley. Cereal Chem. 28: 343. 1951.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, A. F. Economic botany. 1937.

  • Meredith, W. O. S. and Anderson, J. A. Biochemistry of the malting process. Abst. 121st Meet. Am. Chem. Soc., p. 7A. 1952.

  • See also Wallerstein Communications 16: 169. 1953.

  • Pence, J. W. The current status of problems in panary fermentation. Food. & Agr. Chem.1: 157. 1953.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwimmer, S. The malt amylases. A review of recent literature. 26: 29T. 1951.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vogel, E. H., Jr., et al. The practical brewer. Master Brewers Assoc. America, St. Louis. 1946.

General and other Enzymes

  • Curl, A. L. and Schwimmer, S. Nature and preparation of enzymes. U. S. Dept. Agr., Yearbook 1950–1951 (Crops in peace and war).

  • McCready, R. M. and Owens, H. S. PectinA product of citrus waste. Econ. Bot.8: 29. 1954.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Owens, H. S., et al. Making use of tons of citrus waste. U. S. Dept. Agr., Yearbook 1950–1951 (Crops in peace and war).

  • Smythe, C. V. Microbiological production of enzymes and their industrial applications. Econ. Bot.5: 126. 1951.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tauber, H. Chemistry and technology of enzymes. 1949.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Bureau of Agricultural and Industrial Chemistry, Agricultural Research Administration, U. S. Department of Agriculture.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Schwimmer, S. Industrial production and utilization of enzymes from flowering plants. Econ Bot 8, 99–113 (1954). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02984724

Download citation

  • Issue date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02984724

Keywords