Dictyonema huaorani
| Dictyonema huaorani | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Hygrophoraceae |
| Genus: | Dictyonema |
| Species: | D. huaorani |
| Binomial name | |
| Dictyonema huaorani | |
Dictyonema huaorani is a species of basidiolichen in the family Hygrophoraceae.[2] It is one of few known non-mushroom fungi found to produce psychedelic tryptamines, including psilocybin and 5-MeO-DMT among others, although this remains insufficiently confirmed.[2][3] It was first collected in 1981 and was first described in 2014.[2][1] It has been sporadically used as an entheogen by the Waorani (Huaorani) indigenous people of the Amazon in eastern Ecuador, who refer to it as nɇnɇndapɇ.[2][4][5][6]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- 1 2 Schmull M, Dal-Forno M, Lücking R, Cao S, Clardy J, Lawrey JD (2014). "Dictyonema huaorani (Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae), a new lichenized basidiomycete from Amazonian Ecuador with presumed hallucinogenic properties". The Bryologist. 117 (4): 386–394. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-117.4.386.
- 1 2 3 4 Ciszowski K, Ziaja A, Niedzielska-Andres E, Pomierny-Chamioło L (July 2025). "Natural hallucinogens of fungal and animal origin: action and potentialapplications - a narrative review". Folia Med Cracov. 65 (2): 5–18. doi:10.24425/fmc.2025.156119. PMID 41329968.
- ↑ Slot J, Hoffmeister D (June 2025). "Psychedelic fungi". Curr Biol. 35 (11): R513–R518. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2025.02.026. PMID 40494306.
- ↑ Schultes, Richard Evans (1984). "Psychoactive plants in need of chemical and pharmacological study". Proceedings / Indian Academy of Sciences. 93 (3): 281–304. doi:10.1007/BF03053083. ISSN 0370-0097. Retrieved 9 July 2026.
- ↑ Davis, E. Wade; Yost, James A. (1983). "Novel Hallucinogens From Eastern Ecuador". Botanical Museum Leaflets, Harvard University. 29 (3). Harvard University Herbaria: 291–295. ISSN 0006-8098. JSTOR 41762852. Retrieved 9 July 2026.
- ↑ Davis, E. Wade; Yost, James A. (1983). "The Ethnobotany of the Waorani of Eastern Ecuador". Botanical Museum Leaflets, Harvard University. 29 (3). Harvard University Herbaria: 159–217. ISSN 0006-8098. JSTOR 41762848. Retrieved 9 July 2026.
