LXV Legislature of the Mexican Congress
 | This article needs more citations. (February 2021) |
| 65th Congress LXV Legislatura | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Overview | |||||
| Legislative body | Congress of the Union | ||||
| Meeting place | Legislative Palace of San Lázaro (Deputies/General Congress) Edificio del Senado (Senate) | ||||
| Term | 1 September 2021 – 31 August 2024 | ||||
| Election | 6 June 2021 | ||||
| Senate of the Republic | |||||
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| Members | 128 | ||||
| President | Ana Lilia Rivera | ||||
| Chamber of Deputies | |||||
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| Members | 500 | ||||
| President | Marcela Guerra Castillo | ||||
The LXV Legislature of the Congress of the Union (65th Congress) was a meeting of the legislative branch of Mexico, composed of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. It convened on 1 September 2021, and ended on 31 August 2024, during the final three years of President Andrés Manuel López Obrador's presidency.
The Chamber of Deputies was elected in the 2021 legislative election, in which Juntos Hacemos Historia, consisting of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena), the Labor Party (PT), and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM), kept their majority but did not reach the two-thirds supermajority required to pass López Obrador's proposed constitutional reforms.[1] This legislature was notable for being the first where deputies were eligible for reelection,[2] with 129 out of the 500 seats being filled by returning deputies.[3]
Composition
[edit]These tables relate to the composition of the Senate of the Republic and the Chamber of Deputies at the start of the LXV Legislature and present day and summarises the changes in party affiliation that took place during the congress.
Senate
[edit]| Party | Senators | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start of Legislature |
End of Legislature | Change | ||
| National Regeneration Movement | 61 | 57 |  4 | |
| National Action Party | 25 | 19 | 6 | |
| Institutional Revolutionary Party | 13 | 13 |  | |
| Citizens' Movement | 8 | 11 |  3 | |
| Ecologist Green Party of Mexico | 6 | 8 | 2 | |
| Labor Party | 6 | 6 | | |
| Independents | 1 | 6 | 5 | |
| Social Encounter Party | 4 | 4 | | |
| Party of the Democratic Revolution | 3 | 4 | 1 | |
| Vacant | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Total | 127 | 128 | 1 | |
Chamber of Deputies
[edit]| Party | Deputies | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start of Legislature |
End of Legislature | Change | ||
| National Regeneration Movement | 198 | 201 | 3 | |
| National Action Party | 114 | 112 | 2 | |
| Institutional Revolutionary Party | 71 | 68 | 3 | |
| Ecologist Green Party of Mexico | 43 | 39 | 4 | |
| Labor Party | 37 | 34 | 3 | |
| Citizens' Movement | 23 | 29 | 6 | |
| Party of the Democratic Revolution | 14 | 12 | 2 | |
| Independents | 0 | 5 | 5 | |
| Total | 500 | 500 | | |
Leadership
[edit]Presiding officers
[edit]President of the Senate
[edit]| Year | Term | Portrait | Name | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 September 2021 – 31 August 2022 |
 |
Olga Sánchez Cordero | National Regeneration Movement | |
| 2 | 1 September 2022 – 31 August 2023 |
 |
Alejandro Armenta Mier | ||
| 3 | 1 September 2023 – 31 August 2024 |
_(cropped_2).jpg) |
Ana Lilia Rivera | ||
President of the Chamber of Deputies
[edit]| Year | Term | Portrait | Name | Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 September 2021 – 31 August 2022 |
 |
Sergio Gutiérrez Luna | National Regeneration Movement | |
| 2 | 1 September 2022 – 14 August 2023 |
 |
Santiago Creel | National Action Party | |
| 3 | 1 September 2023 – 31 August 2024 |
 |
Marcela Guerra Castillo | Institutional Revolutionary Party | |
Parliamentary coordinators
[edit]| Party | Senate | Chamber of Deputies | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Action Party | Julen Rementería del Puerto[4] | 2021–2024 | Jorge Romero Herrera | 2021–2024 | |
| Institutional Revolutionary Party | Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong[5] | 2021–2023 | Rubén Moreira Valdez | 2021–2024 | |
| Manuel Añorve Baños[6] | 2023–2024 | ||||
| Party of the Democratic Revolution | Miguel Ángel Mancera[7] | 2021–2024 | Luis Ángel Espinoza Cházaro | 2021–2024 | |
| Labor Party | Geovanna Bañuelos de la Torre | 2021–2024 | Alberto Anaya | 2021–2024 | |
| Ecologist Green Party of Mexico | Raúl Bolaños Cacho Cué | 2021–2024 | Carlos Alberto Puente Salas | 2021–2024 | |
| Citizens' Movement | Dante Delgado Rannauro[8] | 2021–2024 | Jorge Máynez | 2021–2024 | |
| Social Encounter Party | Sasil de León Villard | 2021–2024 | N/a | N/a | |
| National Regeneration Movement | Ricardo Monreal[9] | 2021–2023 | Ignacio Mier Velazco | 2021–2024 | |
| Eduardo Ramírez Aguilar[10] | 2023–2024 | ||||
| Ricardo Monreal | 2024 | ||||
Membership
[edit]Senate
[edit]Elected by state
[edit]In the list, the first two senators represent those who won a majority in the state, with the first referring to the first formula and the second to the second formula. The third corresponds to the senator who secured a seat through first minority.
- ▌▌Martha Márquez Alvarado (PAN, then PT) (until 5 March 2022; 8 June 2022 – 4 March 2024; since 4 June 2024)
- ▌Adriana Guadalupe Jurado Valadez (PAN) (8 March 2022 – 8 June 2022; 6 March 2024 – 3 June 2024)
- ▌Juan Antonio Martín del Campo (PAN)
- ▌Daniel Gutiérrez Castorena (MORENA)
- ▌▌Jaime Bonilla Valdez (MORENA, then PT) (28 March 2022 – 5 May 2022; since 10 August 2022)[a]
- ▌ Gerardo Novelo Osuna (MORENA) (until 25 March 2022)
- Vacant (5 May 2022 – 10 August 2022)
- ▌▌▌Alejandra León Gastélum (I, then MC, then MORENA)[b]
- ▌Gina Cruz Blackledge (PAN)
- ▌Ricardo Velázquez Meza (MORENA)
- ▌Lucía Trasviña Waldenrath (MORENA)
- ▌María Guadalupe Saldaña Cisneros (PAN) (until 5 October 2021; since 8 November 2021)
- ▌Audelia Esthela Villarreal Zavala (PAN) (5 October – 8 November 2021)
- ▌Aníbal Ostoa Ortega (MORENA) (until 15 September 2021; since 1 October 2023)
- ▌ Arturo Moo Cahuich (MORENA) (15 September 2021 – 1 October 2023)
- ▌▌Cecilia Margarita Sánchez García (MORENA, then PRI)[c]
- ▌Rocío Abreu Artiñano (MORENA)
- ▌Eduardo Ramírez Aguilar (MORENA) (until 1 February 2024)[d]
- ▌José Antonio Aguilar Castillejos (MORENA) (since 1 February 2024)[d]
- ▌Sasil de León Villard (PES)
- ▌Noé Castañón Ramírez (MC)
- ▌Bertha Caraveo Camarena (MORENA)
- ▌Cruz Pérez Cuéllar (MORENA) (until 9 September 2021)
- ▌ Rafael Espino de la Peña (MORENA) (since 10 September 2021)
- ▌▌Gustavo Madero Muñoz (PAN, then I)[e]
- ▌Armando Guadiana Tijerina (MORENA) (until 31 December 2022; 12 June – 23 October 2023)[f]
- ▌ Reyes Flores Hurtado (MORENA) (8 February – 12 June 2023; since 23 October 2023)[f]
- ▌Eva Galaz Caletti (MORENA)
- ▌Verónica Martínez García (PRI)
- ▌Joel Padilla Peña (PT)
- ▌Gricelda Valencia de la Mora (MORENA)
- ▌Gabriela Benavides Cobos (PVEM)
- ▌César Cravioto Romero (MORENA)
- ▌Citlalli Hernández Mora (MORENA) (since 18 April 2022)
- ▌María Celeste Sánchez Sugía (MORENA) (until 18 April 2022)
- ▌▌Emilio Álvarez Icaza (I, then PRD)[g]
- ▌Alejandro González Yáñez (PT) (until 2 March 2022; since 1 August 2022)
- ▌ Miguel Ángel Lucero Olivas (PT) (2 March – 1 August 2022)
- ▌Margarita Valdéz Martínez (MORENA)
- ▌José Ramón Enríquez Herrera (MORENA)
- ▌Alejandra Reynoso Sánchez (PAN)
- ▌Erandi Bermúdez Méndez (PAN)
- ▌Martha Lucía Mícher Camarena (MORENA)
- ▌Félix Salgado Macedonio (MORENA)
- ▌Nestora Salgado (MORENA)
- ▌Manuel Añorve Baños (PRI)
- ▌ María Merced González González (MORENA)
- ▌Julio Menchaca Salazar (MORENA) (until 15 February 2022)
- ▌ Navor Rojas Mancera (MORENA) (since 15 February 2022)
- ▌▌Nuvia Mayorga Delgado (PRI, then PVEM)[h]
- ▌Clemente Castañeda Hoeflich (MC)
- ▌Verónica Delgadillo García (MC) (until 18 November 2023)
- ▌ Ruth Alejandra López Hernández (MC) (since 22 November 2023)
- ▌▌María Antonia Cárdenas Mariscal (MORENA, then MC)[i]
- ▌Delfina Gómez Álvarez (MORENA) (7 September 2022 – 1 January 2023)
- ▌ Martha Guerrero Sánchez (MORENA) (until 6 September 2022; 1 January 2023 – 9 April 2024; since 3 June 2024)
- Vacant (9 April 2024 – 3 June 2024)
- ▌Higinio Martínez Miranda (MORENA) (until 2 March 2023; 1 August – 16 September 2023; since 24 November 2023)
- ▌ Ricardo Morena Bastida (MORENA) (3 March – 1 August 2023; 3 October – 24 November 2023)
- ▌Juan Zepeda Hernández (MC) (until 24 April 2024; since 3 June 2024)
- ▌ Omar Obed Maceda Luna (PRD) (24 April – 3 June 2024)
- ▌Blanca Estela Piña Gudiño (MORENA)
- ▌Cristóbal Arias Solís (MORENA)
- ▌Antonio García Conejo (PRD)
- ▌Lucía Meza Guzmán (PRI)
- ▌Sergio Pérez Flores (MORENA)
- ▌Ángel García Yáñez (PRI)
- ▌Cora Cecilia Pinedo Alonso (PT)
- ▌Rosa Elena Jiménez Arteaga (MORENA)
- ▌▌Gloria Elizabeth Núñez Sánchez (PAN, then MC)[j]
- ▌Luis David Ortiz Salinas (MC)
- ▌▌▌Indira Kempis Martínez (MC, then I, then PRI)[k]
- ▌Víctor Oswaldo Fuentes Solís (PAN)
- ▌Susana Harp (MORENA)
- ▌Salomón Jara Cruz (MORENA) (until 16 December 2021)
- ▌Adolfo Gómez Hernández (MORENA) (since 16 December 2021)
- ▌Raúl Bolaños Cacho Cué (PVEM)
- ▌Alejandro Armenta Mier (MORENA) (until 1 March 2024)
- ▌Jesús Encinas Meneses (I) (since 1 March 2024)[l]
- ▌▌▌▌Nancy de la Sierra Arámburo (PT, then I, then PRI, then I)[m]
- ▌▌Nadia Navarro Acevedo (PAN, then PRI)[n]
- ▌José Alfredo Botello Montes (PAN)
- ▌Guadalupe Murguía Gutiérrez (PAN) (until 10 September 2021)
- ▌Estrella Rojas Loreto (PAN) (since 13 September 2021)
- ▌Gilberto Herrera Ruiz (MORENA)
- ▌Marybel Villegas Canché (MORENA)
- ▌▌José Luis Pech Várguez (MORENA, then MC) (until 5 March 2022; since 8 June 2022)[o]
- ▌Rogelio Márquez Valdivia (MORENA) (8 March – 8 June 2022)
- ▌Mayuli Martínez Simón (PAN)
- ▌Graciela Gaitán Díaz (PVEM)
- ▌▌Marco Antonio Gama Basarte (PAN, then MC)[p]
- ▌Primo Dothé Mata (MORENA)
- ▌Raúl Elenes Angulo (MORENA)
- ▌Imelda Castro Castro (MORENA)
- ▌Mario Zamora Gastelum (PRI)
- ▌Lilly Téllez (PAN)
- ▌Arturo Bours Griffith (MORENA)
- ▌Sylvana Beltrones Sánchez (PRI)
- ▌Mónica Fernández Balboa (MORENA)
- ▌Ovidio Peralta Suárez (MORENA)
- ▌Juan Manuel Fócil Pérez (PRD)
- ▌Américo Villarreal Anaya (MORENA) (until 2 January 2022)
- ▌Faustino López Vargas (MORENA) (2 January 2022 – 8 October 2022)
- ▌José Ramón Gómez Leal (MORENA)[q] (7 March 2023 – 20 February 2024)
- ▌Indira Paola López Carreto (MORENA) (since 20 February 2024)
- ▌María Guadalupe Covarrubias Cervantes (MORENA)
- ▌Ismael García Cabeza de Vaca (PAN)
- ▌Ana Lilia Rivera Rivera (MORENA)
- ▌José Antonio Álvarez Lima (MORENA)
- ▌Minerva Hernández Ramos (PAN)
- ▌Gloria Sánchez Hernández (MORENA)
- ▌Ernesto Pérez Astorga (MORENA)
- ▌Julen Rementería del Puerto (PAN)
- ▌▌Jorge Carlos Ramírez Marín (PRI, then PVEM)[r]
- ▌Verónica Camino Farjat (MORENA)
- ▌▌Raúl Paz Alonzo (PAN, then MORENA)[s]
- ▌Soledad Luévano Cantú (MORENA)
- ▌José Narro Céspedes (MORENA)
- ▌Claudia Anaya Mota (PRI)
Elected by proportional representation
[edit]- ▌Josefina Vázquez Mota (PAN)
- ▌Xóchitl Gálvez Ruiz (PAN) (until 20 November 2023; since 4 June 2024)
- ▌Laura Ballesteros Mancilla (MC) (22 November 2023 – 3 June 2024)
- ▌Indira Rosales San Román (PAN)
- ▌Damián Zepeda Vidales (PAN)
- ▌Kenia López Rabadán (PAN) (until 1 December 2023; since 5 February 2024)
- ▌Yadhira Yvette Tamayo Herrera (PAN) (5 December 2023 – 5 February 2024)
- ▌Roberto Moya Clemente (PAN)
- ▌▌Claudia Ruiz Massieu Salinas (PRI, then I)[t]
- ▌Carlos Humberto Aceves (PRI)
- ▌Nancy Guadalupe Sánchez Arredondo (MORENA)
- ▌▌Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong (PRI, then I)[u]
- ▌Beatriz Paredes Rangel (PRI)
- ▌▌Eruviel Ávila Villegas (PRI, then PVEM)[v]
- ▌Miguel Ángel Mancera (PRD)
- ▌▌Israel Zamora Guzmán (PVEM, then MORENA)[w]
- ▌Geovanna Bañuelos de la Torre (PT)
- ▌Alejandra Lagunes (PVEM)
- ▌Manuel Velasco Coello (PVEM)
- ▌Patricia Mercado (MC)
- ▌Dante Delgado Rannauro (MC)
- ▌Elvia Marcela Mora Arellano (PES)
- ▌Katya Elizabeth Ávila Vázquez (PES)
- ▌Eunice Renata Romo Molina (PES)
- ▌Antares Vázquez Alatorre (MORENA)
- ▌Héctor Vasconcelos (MORENA) (until 14 December 2023)
- Vacant (since 14 December 2023)
- ▌Olga Sánchez Cordero (MORENA)
- ▌Ricardo Monreal Ávila (MORENA)
- ▌Ifigenia Martínez (MORENA)
- ▌Napoleón Gómez Urrutia (MORENA)
- ▌▌Germán Martínez Cázares (MORENA, then I)[x]
- ▌Casimiro Méndez Ortiz (MORENA)
- ▌Gabriel García Hernández (MORENA)
- ▌▌Claudia Balderas Espinoza (MORENA, then PRI)[y]
Chamber of Deputies
[edit]Single-member districts
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Proportional representation
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ↑ In Baja California: Jaime Bonilla Valdez switched to the Labor Party on 23 March 2023.
- ↑ In Baja California: Alejandra León Gastélum joined Citizens' Movement on 23 September 2022. She returned to Morena on 26 April 2024 after having left the party in 2021.
- ↑ In Campeche: Cecilia Margarita Sánchez García switched to the Institutional Revolutionary Party on 15 October 2023
- 1 2 In Chiapas: Eduardo Ramírez Aguilar took a leave of absence to run in the 2024 Chiapas gubernatorial election. His alternate, José Antonio Aguilar Castillejos, took his place in the Senate.
- ↑ In Chihuahua: Gustavo Madero Muñoz left the National Action Party's parliamentary group on 28 September 2021 in order to form Grupo Plural, a new parliamentary group.
- 1 2 In Coahuila: Armando Guadiana Tijerina took a leave of absence due to his declining health. His alternate, Reyes Flores Hurtado, took his place in the Senate. After Guadiana's death on 26 December 2023, Flores completed the remainder of the term.
- ↑ In Mexico City: Emilio Álvarez Icaza joined the Party of the Democratic Revolution on 16 April 2024.
- ↑ In Hidalgo: Nuvia Mayorga Delgado left the Institutional Revolutionary Party on 1 July 2023 and joined the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico on 31 August 2023.
- ↑ In Jalisco: María Antonia Cárdenas Mariscal switched to Citizens' Movement on 28 February 2024.
- ↑ In Nayarit: Gloria Elizabeth Núñez Sánchez left the National Action Party on 27 April 2022. She joined Citizens' Movement on 5 July 2022.
- ↑ In Nuevo León: Indira Kempis Martínez left the Citizens' Movement parliamentary group on 21 December 2023. She remained as an independent until 19 January 2024, when she joined the Institutional Revolutionary Party.
- ↑ In Puebla: Jesús Encinas Meneses, who had served as an alternate senator for Morena in 2019, became an independent the same day he returned to the Senate.
- ↑ In Puebla: Nancy de la Sierra Arámburo became an independent on 28 September 2021 to form the Grupo Plural parliamentary group. She joined the Institutional Revolutionary Party on 3 October 2023, before switching back to independent on 18 July 2024 due to her disagreements with Alejandro Moreno's possible reelection as party president.
- ↑ In Puebla: Nadia Navarro Acevedo switched to the Institutional Revolutionary Party on 13 December 2023.
- ↑ In Quintana Roo: On returning from his leave, José Luis Pech Várguez switched to Citizens' Movement on 8 June 2022.
- ↑ In San Luis Potosí: Marco Antonio Gama Basarte switched to Citizens' Movement on 21 March 2022.
- ↑ Following Villarreal Anaya's election as governor and López Vargas's death in a car crash, Gómez Leal and López Carreto were elected in a special election held on 19 February 2023.[11]
- ↑ In Yucatán: Jorge Carlos Ramírez Marín switched to the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico on 27 September 2023.
- ↑ In Yucatán: Raúl Paz Alonzo switched to Morena on 20 September 2022.
- ↑ Claudia Ruiz Massieu Salinas left the Institutional Revolutionary Party parliamentary group on 1 July 2023.
- ↑ Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong left the Institutional Revolutionary Party parliamentary group on 1 July 2023.
- ↑ Eruviel Ávila Villegas switched to the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico on 24 January 2024.
- ↑ Israel Zamora Guzmán left the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico on 22 February 2024 and joined MORENA on 6 March 2024.
- ↑ Germán Martínez Cázares left MORENA on 3 November 2021 to become an independent. That same day, he joined the Grupo Plural parliamentary group.
- ↑ Claudia Balderas Espinoza switched to the Institutional Revolutionary Party on 12 December 2023.
References
[edit]- ↑ "Mexico elections: President's majority to shrink after crime-hit poll". 7 June 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
- ↑ Rosa, Yared de la (4 April 2021). "Por primera vez diputados podrán ser reelegidos; 141 diputados lo intentarán". Forbes México (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved 19 August 2024.
- ↑ García, Carina (10 June 2021). "La Cámara de Diputados tendrá un 30% de diputados que alcanzaron la reelección". ADNPolítico (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 August 2024.
- ↑ "Julen Rementería es nombrado coordinador del PAN en el Senado". www.proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 August 2024.
- ↑ "Eligen a Osorio Chong como coordinador del PRI en el Senado". El Universal (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 August 2024.
- ↑ "Tras salida de Osorio Chong, Manuel Añorve es electo nuevo coordinador del PRI en el Senado". El Universal (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 August 2024.
- ↑ "Tras salida de Osorio Chong, Manuel Añorve es electo nuevo coordinador del PRI en el Senado". El Universal (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 August 2024.
- ↑ "Dante Delgado será el líder de MC en el Senado". Milenio. 24 July 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2024.
- ↑ "Perfilan a Ricardo Monreal como coordinador de senadores de Morena". El Universal (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 August 2024.
- ↑ García, Carina (14 June 2023). "Senadores de Morena eligen a Eduardo Ramírez como líder en lugar de Monreal". ADNPolítico (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 August 2024.
- ↑ "Elección Extraordinaria. Senaduría. Tamaulipas". Cómputos Distritales 2023. INE. Retrieved 16 July 2025.
- ↑ López Cruz, Antonio (21 February 2022). "Encuentran muerta a Celeste Sánchez, diputada federal del PT, en Durango". El Universal. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
- ↑ Chamber of Deputies. "Gaceta parlamentaria Número 5883-VI. ACUERDO DE LA CAMARA DE DIPUTADOS DEL H.CONGRESO DE LA UNION POR EL QUE SE DECLARA VACANTE LA FÓRMULA DE DIPUTADOS ELECTOS A LA LXV LEGISLATURA DEL CONGRESO DE LA UNIÓN POR EL PRINCIPIO DE REPRESENTACIÓN PROPORCIONAL CORRESPONDIENTE A LA OCTAVA POSICIÓN DE LA LISTA DE LA SEGUNDA CIRCUNSCRIPCIÓN PLURINOMINAL, ASIGNADA AL PARTIDO POLÍTICO MORENA" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 October 2021.
