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List of Muslim states and dynasties

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The following article includes a list of successive Islamic states and Muslim dynasties beginning with the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632 CE) and the early Muslim conquests that spread Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula, and continuing through to the present day.

The first-ever establishment of an Islamic polity goes back to the Islamic State of Medina, which was established by Muhammad in the city of Medina in 622 CE. Following his death in 632 CE, his immediate successors established the Rashidun Caliphate.

After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire,[1][2] Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia, the Safavid Empire of Persia, and the Mughal Empire in India.

By land area

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No Dynasty/State Land area Today part of Period
1 Image Abbasid Caliphate 11.1m² km Image Iraq
Image Saudi Arabia
Image Syria
Image Iran
Image Egypt
Image Yemen
Image Algeria
Image Oman
Image Bahrain
Image Qatar
Image United Arab Emirates
Image Jordan
Image Lebanon
Image Palestine
Image Russia
Image Israel
Image Libya
Image Tunisia
Image Pakistan
Image Azerbaijan
Image Turkey
Image Armenia Image India
Image Kuwait
Image Afghanistan
Image Tajikistan
Image Uzbekistan
Image Kazakhstan
Image Turkmenistan
Image Kyrgyzstan
Image Cyprus
Image Georgia
Image China		 750–1258

1261–1517

2 Image Umayyad Caliphate 11.1m² km Image Iraq
Image Saudi Arabia
Image Syria
Image Iran
Image Egypt
Image Yemen
Image Algeria
Image Oman
Image Bahrain
Image Qatar
Image United Arab Emirates
Image France
Image Spain
Image Portugal
Image Morocco
Image Western Sahara
Image Jordan
Image Lebanon
Image Palestine
Image Israel
Image Uzbekistan
Image Kyrgyzstan
Image Libya
Image Russia
Image Tunisia
Image Pakistan
Image Azerbaijan
Image Turkey
Image Armenia Image India
Image Kuwait
Image Afghanistan
Image Tajikistan
Image Cyprus
Image Georgia		 661–750
3 Rashidun Caliphate 6.4m² km Image Iraq
Image Saudi Arabia
Image Syria
Image Iran
Image Egypt
Image Yemen
Image Algeria
Image Oman
Image Bahrain
Image Qatar
Image United Arab Emirates
Image Jordan
Image Lebanon
Image Palestine
Image Israel
Image Libya
Image Tunisia
Image Russia
Image Pakistan
Image Azerbaijan
Image Turkey
Image Armenia
Image Kuwait
Image Afghanistan		 632–661
4 Image Golden Horde 6.0m² km Image Russia
Image Ukraine
Image Kazakhstan
Image Kyrgyzstan
Image Hungary
Image Poland
Image Moldova
Image Bulgaria		 1313–1502 (Islamic)
5 Image Ottoman Empire 5.2m² km Image Turkey
Image Greece
Image Egypt
Image Syria
Image Albania
Image Lebanon
Image Armenia
Image Algeria
Image Hungary
Image Bulgaria
Image Iraq
Image Bosnia and Herzegovina
Image Cyprus
Image Russia
Image Ukraine
Image Saudi Arabia
Image Iran
Image Libya
Image Palestine
Image Israel
Image Jordan
Image Romania
Image Sudan
Image Somalia
Image Ethiopia
Image Djibouti
Image Yemen
Image Kuwait
Image Tunisia
Image Azerbaijan
Image Georgia
Image Moldova
Image Slovenia
Image Slovakia
Image Poland
Image Serbia
Image Kosovo
Image Bulgaria
Image Croatia
Image North Macedonia
Image Eritrea
Image Montenegro		 1299–1922
6 Image Timurid Empire 4.4m² km Image Uzbekistan
Image China
Image Pakistan
Image Iran
Image Afghanistan
Image India
Image Azerbaijan
Image Armenia
Image Russia
Image Georgia
Image Syria
Image Iraq
Image Kyrgyzstan
Image Kazakhstan
Image Turkmenistan
Image Tajikistan
Image Turkey		 1370–1507
7 Image Fatimid Caliphate 4.1m² km Image Egypt
Image Palestine
Image Lebanon
Image Jordan
Image Algeria
Image Morocco
Image Tunisia
Image Libya
Image Saudi Arabia
Image Iraq
Image Syria
Image Turkey
Image Italy
Image Sudan
Image Israel
Image Chad
Image Niger		 909–1171
8 Image Mughal Empire 4.0m² km Image India
Image Pakistan
Image Bangladesh
Image Afghanistan

 1526–1857
9 Seljuk Empire 3.9m² km Image Iran
Image Syria
Image Iraq
Image Oman
Image United Arab Emirates
Image Bahrain
Image Qatar
Image Afghanistan
Image Tajikistan
Image Turkmenistan
Image Turkey
Image Lebanon
Image Palestine
Image Israel
Image Jordan
Image Azerbaijan
Image Georgia		 1037–1194
10 Image Ilkhanate 3.75m² km Image Iran
Image Syria
Image Turkey
Image Azerbaijan
Image Pakistan
Image Afghanistan
Image Tajikistan
Image Armenia
Image Georgia
Image Turkmenistan		 1295–1335 (Islamic)
11 Khwarazmian Empire 3.6m² km Image Iran
Image Azerbaijan
Image China
Image Pakistan
Image Afghanistan
Image Turkmenistan
Image Tajikistan
Image Uzbekistan
Image Kyrgyzstan
Image Kazakhstan		 1077–1231
12 Image Chagatai Khanate 3.5m² km Image China
Image Uzbekistan
Image Turkmenistan
Image Kazakhstan
Image Kyrgyzstan
Image Afghanistan
Image Mongolia
Image Russia		 1347–1660 (Islamic)
13 Ghaznavid Empire 3.4m² km Image Afghanistan
Image Iran
Image Pakistan
Image India
Image Turkmenistan
Image Tajikistan
Image Uzbekistan		 977–1186
14 Image Delhi Sultanate 3.2m²km Image India
Image Pakistan
Image Bangladesh
Image Afghanistan		 1206–1526
15 Image Safavid Empire 2.9m² Km Image Iran
Image Afghanistan
Image Azerbaijan
Image Pakistan
Image Russia
Image Tajikistan
Image Iraq
Image Syria		 1501–1736
16 Samanid Dynasty 2.85m² km Image Afghanistan
Image Iran


Image Kazakhstan
Image Kyrgyzstan
Image Pakistan
Image Tajikistan
Image Turkmenistan
Image Uzbekistan

 819–999
17 Saffarid Dynasty 2.85m² km Image Afghanistan
Image Pakistan
Image Iran
Image Tajikistan
Image Turkmenistan
Image Uzbekistan		 861–1003

West Asia and North Africa

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Mesopotamia and Levant (Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria)

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Arabian Peninsula and Persian Gulf

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Saudi Arabia

Bahrain

Qatar

Kuwait

United Arab Emirates

Oman

Yemen

Regional

North Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia)

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Algeria

Egypt

Tunisia

Morocco

Libya

Horn of Africa

[edit]

Somalia

Ethiopia

Eritrea

Djibouti

Iranian Plateau

[edit]

Iran

Image
Shah Ismail I, founder of Safavid dynasty

Anatolia (Turkey)

Image
Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha

Azerbaijan

Armenia

Georgia

Caucasus

Afghanistan

Indian subcontinent

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Bangladesh

Pakistan

India

Southern Europe

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Spain & Portugal

Image
Mezquita

France

Umayyad Caliph of Cordova

Italy

Gibraltar

Sahel and Subsaharan Africa

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Sudan, South Sudan

Mauritania

Niger

Nigeria

Mali

Regional

Cameroon

Burkina Faso

Chad

Central African Republic

Côte d'Ivoire

Ghana

Senegal

Guinea

Togo

Sierra Leone

East Africa (Swahili Coast)

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Tanzania

Kenya

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Malawi

Mozambique

Indian Ocean Region

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Maldives

Mayotte

Comoros

Madagascar

Eastern Europe (Balkan Region)

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Ukraine, Moldova

Romania, Bulgaria

Greece

Albania, Bosnia

Ural Region, Siberia (Russia)

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Central Asia, East Asia

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Transoxania (Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan)

Mongolia and China

Southeast Asia

[edit]

Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Australia

Philippines

Image
Approximate extent of the Muslim Sultanates in the Philippines

Thailand

Cambodia, Vietnam

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Levy-Rubin, Milka (2011). Non-Muslims in the Early Islamic Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 102–103. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511977435. ISBN 978-1108449618.
  2. ↑ Jo Van Steenbergen (2020). "2.1". A History of the Islamic World, 600–1800: Empire, Dynastic Formations, and Heterogeneities in Pre-Modern Islamic West-Asia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1000093070.
  3. ↑ Libyan Studies, Society (2004). "Libyan Studies: Annual Report of the Society for Libyan Studies". Society for Libyan Studies (London, England). 35.
  4. ↑ Kenneth Pletcher (2010). The History of India. p. 138. ISBN 9781615301225.
  5. ↑ Anjum 2007, p. 8 "During the reign of the 'Abbasid Caliph al-Māmūn (r. 198-218/813-833), a slave named Fadl ibn Māhān (d. probably before 202/817) established his semi-autonomous Māhāniyyah Kingdom in Gujrat with its capital at Sandan (modern Sanjan, a town situated in the north of Bombay)."
  6. ↑ Burgos, Nestor Jr. (3 June 2012). "Royal decree creates Sultanate of Panay in Capiz". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 22 May 2022.

Bibliography

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Anjum, Tanvir (2007). "The Emergence of Muslim Rule in India: Some Historical Disconnects and Missing Links". Islamic Studies. 46 (2): 217–240. ISSN 0578-8072.

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