List of viceroys of Peru

Viceroy of Peru
Viceroy of Peru
Residence	The Viceroy Palace; (Now the Government Palace)
Appointer	The King of Spain;
Formation	26 July 1529
First holder	Francisco Pizarro
Final holder	Pío de Tristán
Abolished	30 December 1824

This article lists the viceroys of Peru, who ruled the Viceroyalty of Peru from 1544 to 1824 in the name of the monarch of Spain. The territories under de jure rule by the viceroys included in the 16th and 17th century nearly all of South America except eastern Brazil.

Governors of New Castile (1532–1544)

No.	Governor	From	Until	President of the Council of Indies^{[note 1]}	Monarch
1	Francisco Pizarro	26 July 1529	26 June 1541	García Fernández Manrique	Charles I
				García de Loaysa
				García Fernández Manrique
—	Diego de Almagro "El Mozo"	26 June 1541	16 September 1542
2	Cristóbal Vaca de Castro	7 August 1542	17 May 1544
—	Gonzalo Pizarro Usurper and claimant to the governorship of Peru. Claims not definitively quelled until Battle of Jaquijahuana.	7 May 1544	10 April 1548
—		7 May 1544	10 April 1548	Luis Hurtado de Mendoza

Viceroys of Peru (1544–1824)

No.	Governor	From	Until	Secretary of the Indies^{[note 2]}	Valido Secretary of the Universal Bureau First Secretary of State	Regent	Monarch
1	Blasco Núñez Vela	15 May 1544	18 January 1546	Vacant (Overseas Affairs hold by the President of the Council of the Indies)	No valido	No regency	Charles I
Int.	Pedro de la Gasca, Dean of the Audiencia	10 April 1547	27 January 1550
2	Antonio de Mendoza, Marquis of Mondéjar, Count of Tendilla	23 September 1551	21 July 1552
Int.	Melchor Bravo de Saravia, Dean of the Audiencia	21 July 1552	29 June 1556
Int.	Melchor Bravo de Saravia, Dean of the Audiencia	21 July 1552	29 June 1556				Philip II
3	Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Cañete	29 June 1556	30 March 1561
4	Diego López de Zúñiga, 4th Count of Nieva	17 April 1561	20 February 1564
Int.	Juan de Saavedra, Dean of the Audiencia	20 February 1564	2 September 1564
Int.	Lope García de Castro, Dean of the Audiencia	2 September 1564	26 November 1569
5	Francisco Álvarez de Toledo	26 November 1569	23 September 1581
6	Martín Enríquez de Almanza	23 September 1581	13 March 1583
Int.	Cristóbal Ramírez de Cartagena, Dean of the Audiencia	13 March 1583	31 March 1584
7	Fernando Torres de Portugal y Mesía, 1st Count of Villadompardo	31 March 1584	20 November 1589
8	García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete	8 January 1590	24 July 1596
9	Luis de Velasco, Marquis of Salinas	24 July 1596	18 January 1604
9	Luis de Velasco, Marquis of Salinas	24 July 1596	18 January 1604		Duke of Lerma^{[note 3]}		Philip III
10	Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey	18 January 1604	16 March 1606
Int.	Diego Núñez de Avendaño, Dean of the Audiencia	16 March 1606	21 December 1607
11	Juan de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Montesclaros	21 December 1607	18 December 1615
12	Francisco de Borja y Aragón, Count of Rebolledo, Prince of Esquilache	18 December 1615	31 December 1621
					Cristóbal Gómez de Sandoval^{[note 3]}
					Baltasar de Zúñiga^{[note 3]}		Philip IV
Int.	Juan Jiménez de Montalvo, Dean of the Audiencia	31 December 1621	25 July 1622
13	Diego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquis of Guadalcázar, Count of Posadas	25 July 1622	14 January 1629
13		25 July 1622	14 January 1629		Count-Duke of Olivares^{[note 3]}
14	Luis Jerónimo de Cabrera, 4th Count of Chinchón	14 January 1629	18 December 1639
15	Pedro de Toledo, 1st Marquis of Mancera	18 December 1639	20 September 1648
15	Pedro de Toledo, 1st Marquis of Mancera	18 December 1639	20 September 1648		Luis de Haro^{[note 3]}
16	García Sarmiento de Sotomayor, 2nd Count of Salvatierra	20 September 1648	24 February 1655
17	Luis Enríquez de Guzmán, 9th Count of Alba de Liste	24 February 1655	31 December 1661
17	Luis Enríquez de Guzmán, 9th Count of Alba de Liste	24 February 1655	31 December 1661		No valido^{[note 4]}
18	Diego de Benavides, 8th Count of Santisteban del Puerto, 1st Marquis of Solera	31 December 1661	16 March 1666		No valido^{[note 4]}
18		31 December 1661	16 March 1666		Juan Everardo Nithard^{[note 3]}	Mariana of Austria^{[note 5]}	Charles II
Int.	Bernardo de Iturriaza, Dean of the Audiencia	17 March 1666	21 November 1667
19	Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro, 10th Count of Lemos	21 November 1667	6 December 1672
19	Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro, 10th Count of Lemos	21 November 1667	6 December 1672		Fernando de Valenzuela^{[note 3]}
Int.	Bernardo de Iturriaza, Dean of the Audiencia	6 December 1672	15 August 1674
20	Baltasar de la Cueva, Count of Castellar	15 August 1674	7 July 1678
						No regency
					John Joseph of Austria^{[note 6]}
21	Melchor Liñán y Cisneros (Archbishop of Lima)	7 July 1678	20 November 1681		John Joseph of Austria^{[note 6]}
21	Melchor Liñán y Cisneros (Archbishop of Lima)	7 July 1678	20 November 1681		Duke of Medinaceli^{[note 6]}
22	Melchor de Navarra, Duke of Palata	20 November 1681	15 August 1689		Duke of Medinaceli^{[note 6]}
22	Melchor de Navarra, Duke of Palata	20 November 1681	15 August 1689		Count of Oropesa^{[note 6]}
23	Melchor Portocarrero, 3rd Count of Monclova	15 August 1689	22 September 1705		Count of Oropesa^{[note 6]}
					Cardinal Portocarrero^{[note 3]}
					Count of Oropesa^{[note 6]}
					Cardinal Portocarrero^{[note 3]}
					Cardinal Portocarrero^{[note 3]}	Cardinal Portocarrero^{[note 7]}
					Antonio de Ubilla^{[note 8]}	Government Board of the Realms^{[note 9]}	Vacant^{[note 10]}
					Antonio de Ubilla^{[note 8]}	Government Board of the Realms^{[note 9]}	Philip V
					Marquis of Mejorada del Campo^{[note 8]}	Cardinal Portocarrero^{[note 11]}
						No regency
Int.	Juan Peñalosa y Benavides, Dean of the Audiencia	22 September 1705	7 July 1707
24	Manuel de Oms, 1st Marquis of Castelldosrius	7 July 1707	22 April 1710
Int.	Miguel Núñez de Sanabria, Dean of the Audiencia	22 April 1710	14 September 1710
25	Diego Ladrón de Guevara	14 September 1710	2 March 1716
					Manuel de Vadillo y Velasco^{[note 8]}
					José de Grimaldo^{[note 8]}
				Bernardo Tinajero de la Escalera^{[note 12]}
				No secretary
Int.	Mateo de la Mata Ponce de León, Dean of the Audiencia	2 March 1716	15 August 1716
Int.	Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón, O.SS.T. (Archbishop of Lima)	15 August 1716	5 October 1716
26	Carmine Caracciolo, 5th Prince of Santo Buono	5 October 1716	26 January 1720
27	Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón, O.SS.T. (Archbishop of Lima)	26 January 1720	14 May 1724
				Miguel Fernández Durán^{[note 12]}
				Andres Matías de Pes Marazaraga ^{[note 12]}
				No secretary
				Antonio de Sopeña y Mioño^{[note 12]}
					Juan Bautista de Orendáin^{[note 8]}
							Louis I From 1700 to 1724, Philip V was the king; then from 1724 to 1746. Louis I only reigned in 1724.
28	José de Armendáriz, 1st Marquis of Castelfuerte	14 May 1724	4 February 1736
							Philip V
					José de Grimaldo^{[note 8]}
				José de Patiño y Rosales^{[note 12]}	José de Grimaldo^{[note 8]}
					Baron Ripperda^{[note 8]}
					José de Grimaldo^{[note 8]}
					Juan Bautista de Orendáin^{[note 8]}
					José de Patiño y Rosales^{[note 13]}
29	José Antonio de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Villagarcía	4 February 1736	15 December 1745		José de Patiño y Rosales^{[note 13]}
				Mateo Pablo Díaz de Lavandero^{[note 12]}	Marquis of Villarías^{[note 13]}
				Marquis of Villarías^{[note 12]}
				Marquess of Ensenada^{[note 12]}
30	José Manso de Velasco, 1st Count of Superunda	15 December 1745	12 October 1761
							Ferdinand VI
					José de Carvajal^{[note 13]}
					Duke of Huéscar (Interim)^{[note 13]}
					Ricardo Wall^{[note 13]}
				Ricardo Wall (Interim)^{[note 14]}
				Julián de Arriaga y Ribera^{[note 14]}
						Elisabeth Farnese^{[note 15]}	Charles III
						No regency
31	Manuel de Amat y Juniet	12 October 1761	17 July 1776
					Jerónimo Grimaldi^{[note 13]}
				Marquess of Sonora^{[note 14]}
32	Manuel de Guirior	17 July 1776	21 July 1780
32	Manuel de Guirior	17 July 1776	21 July 1780		Count of Floridablanca^{[note 13]}
33	Agustín de Jáuregui	21 July 1780	29 April 1784
34	Teodoro de Croix	29 April 1784	25 March 1790
				Count of Floridablanca (Interim)^{[note 14]}			Charles IV
				Antonio Porlier^{[note 16]} Antonio Valdés y Fernández Bazán^{[note 17]}
35	Francisco Gil de Taboada	25 March 1790	6 June 1796
				No secretary (affairs of Indies distributed among different secretariats)	Count of Aranda (Interim)^{[note 13]}
					Manuel Godoy^{[note 13]}
36	Ambrosio O'Higgins, 1st Marquis of Osorno	24 July 1796	19 March 1801		Manuel Godoy^{[note 13]}
					Francisco Saavedra^{[note 13]}
					Mariano Luis de Urquijo^{[note 13]}
					Pedro Cevallos Guerra^{[note 13]}
Int.	Manuel Arredondo y Pelegrín, Dean of the Audiencia	19 March 1801	5 November 1801
37	Gabriel de Avilés, 2nd Marquis of Avilés	5 November 1801	20 August 1806
38	José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa, 1st Marquis of La Concordia^{[note 18]}	20 August 1806	7 July 1816
					Gonzalo O'Farril^{[note 13]}
					Pedro Cevallos Guerra^{[note 13]}		Ferdinand VII
					Martín Garay Perales (Interim)^{[note 13]}
					Eusebio Bardají y Azara^{[note 13]}
					Pedro Rivero (Interim)^{[note 13]}
					Francisco Saavedra^{[note 13]}
					Nicolás Ambrosio Garro y Arizcun (Interim)^{[note 13]}
					José García de León y Pizarro(Interim)^{[note 13]}
					Ignacio de la Pezuela (Interim)^{[note 13]}
				Ciriaco González Carvajal (Interim)^{[note 19]}	Carlos Martínez de Irujo^{[note 13]}
				Ciriaco González Carvajal (Interim)^{[note 19]}	Pedro Gómez Labrador^{[note 13]}
				José Limonta (Interim)^{[note 19]}	Pedro Gómez Labrador^{[note 13]}
				José Limonta (Interim)^{[note 19]}	Antonio Cano Ramírez de Arellano (Interim)^{[note 13]}
				Manuel Antonio de la Bodega y Mollinedo^{[note 19]}	Antonio Cano Ramírez de Arellano (Interim)^{[note 13]}
				Manuel Antonio de la Bodega y Mollinedo^{[note 19]}	Juan O'Donojú (Interim)^{[note 13]}
				Miguel de Lardizabal^{[note 19]}^{[note 14]}	José Miguel de Carvajal-Vargas^{[note 13]}
				No secretary	José Miguel de Carvajal-Vargas^{[note 13]}
					Pedro Cevallos Guerra^{[note 13]}
					Juan Estebán Lozano de Torres^{[note 13]}
					Pedro Cevallos Guerra^{[note 13]}
39	Joaquín de la Pezuela, 1st Marquis of Viluma	7 July 1816	29 January 1821		Pedro Cevallos Guerra^{[note 13]}
					José García de León^{[note 13]}
					Carlos Martínez de Irujo (Interim)^{[note 13]}
					Manuel González Salmón (Interim)^{[note 13]}
					Joaquín José Melgarejo^{[note 13]}
				Antonio González Salmón (Interim)^{[note 19]}	Joaquín José Melgarejo^{[note 13]}
				Antonio González Salmón (Interim)^{[note 19]}	Juan Jabat Aztal^{[note 13]}
				Antonio Porcel Román^{[note 19]}	Juan Jabat Aztal^{[note 13]}
				Antonio Porcel Román^{[note 19]}	Evaristo Pérez de Castro^{[note 13]}
				Ramón Gil de la Cuadra^{[note 19]}
40	José de la Serna e Hinojosa, 1st Count of los Andes	29 January 1821	9 December 1824	Ramón Gil de la Cuadra^{[note 19]}
				Antonio de Guilleman (Interim) ^{[note 19]}	Joaquín Anduaga Cuenca (Interim)^{[note 13]}
				Antonio de Guilleman (Interim) ^{[note 19]}	Francisco de Paula Escudero (Interim)^{[note 13]}
				Ramón Olaguer Feliú ^{[note 19]}	Francisco de Paula Escudero (Interim)^{[note 13]}
				Ramón Olaguer Feliú ^{[note 19]}	Eusebio Bardají y Azara^{[note 13]}
				Ramón López Pelegrín^{[note 19]}	Eusebio Bardají y Azara^{[note 13]}
					Ramón López Pelegrín^{[note 13]}
					José Gabriel de Silva y Bazán^{[note 13]}
					Ramón López Pelegrín^{[note 13]}
				Manuel de la Bodega Mollinedo^{[note 19]}	Francisco Martínez de la Rosa^{[note 13]}
				Diego Clemencín^{[note 19]}
				José Manuel de Vadillo^{[note 19]}
					Evaristo Fernández San Miguel y Valledor^{[note 13]}
					José Manuel Vadillo^{[note 13]}
				Pedro Urquinaona^{[note 19]}	Santiago Usoz y Mozi^{[note 13]}
				Pedro Urquinaona^{[note 19]}	José María Pando de la Riva y Ramírez de Laredo^{[note 13]}
				Francisco de Paula Ossorio y Vargas (Interim) ^{[note 19]}	José María Pando de la Riva y Ramírez de Laredo^{[note 13]}
					Luis María de Salazar y Salazar^{[note 13]}
					Juan Antonio Yandiola Garay^{[note 13]}
					José Luyando^{[note 13]}
				No secretary	José Luyando^{[note 13]}
					Víctor Damián Sáez^{[note 13]}
					Carlos Martínez de Irujo^{[note 13]}
					Narciso Heredia^{[note 13]}
					Francisco Cea Bermúdez^{[note 13]}
41	Juan Pío de Tristán y Moscoso	9 December 1824	30 December 1824^[1]		Francisco Cea Bermúdez^{[note 13]}

References

↑ "Biografía Pío Tristán y Moscoso". Real Academia de la Historia. 18 December 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2019.

Notes

↑ Depending office of the Spanish Empire colonies
↑ Depending secretariat of the Spanish Empire colonies
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 As valido of the King of Spain
↑ Personalist government of Philip IV
↑ As regent during the minority of his son, Charles II
1 2 3 4 As Chief Minister of Spain
↑ During the illness of Charles II
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 As Secretary of the Universal Bureau
↑ After the death of Charles II
↑ Until the coronation of Philip of Anjou
↑ During the voyage of Philip V
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 As Secretary of State for the Navy and the Indies
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 As First Secretary of State
1 2 3 4 5 As Secretary of State for Indies
↑ Until the arrival of Charles III
↑ As Secretary of State for Grace and Justice of Indies
↑ As Secretary of State for War, Treasury, Commerce and Navigation of Indies
↑ Loyal to Ferdinand VII instead of Joseph Bonaparte during the Spanish War of Independence
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 As Secretary of State for Overseas Governance

[20] "Biografía Pío Tristán y Moscoso". Real Academia de la Historia. 18 December 2019. Retrieved 23 January 2019.

[1] Depending office of the Spanish Empire colonies

[2] Depending secretariat of the Spanish Empire colonies

[:0-3] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 As valido of the King of Spain

[4] Personalist government of Philip IV

[5] As regent during the minority of his son, Charles II

[:2-6] 1 2 3 4 As Chief Minister of Spain

[7] During the illness of Charles II

[:3-8] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 As Secretary of the Universal Bureau

[9] After the death of Charles II

[10] Until the coronation of Philip of Anjou

[11] During the voyage of Philip V

[:4-12] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 As Secretary of State for the Navy and the Indies

[:5-13] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 As First Secretary of State

[:6-14] 1 2 3 4 5 As Secretary of State for Indies

[15] Until the arrival of Charles III

[16] As Secretary of State for Grace and Justice of Indies

[17] As Secretary of State for War, Treasury, Commerce and Navigation of Indies

[18] Loyal to Ferdinand VII instead of Joseph Bonaparte during the Spanish War of Independence

[:1-19] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 As Secretary of State for Overseas Governance

[note 1]

[note 2]

[note 3]

[note 4]

[note 5]

[note 6]

[note 7]

[note 8]

[note 9]

[note 10]

[note 11]

[note 12]

[note 13]

[note 14]

[note 15]

[note 16]

[note 17]

[note 18]

[note 19]

[1]

Viceroy of Peru
Residence	The Viceroy Palace (Now the Government Palace)
Appointer	The King of Spain
Formation	26 July 1529
First holder	Francisco Pizarro
Final holder	Pío de Tristán
Abolished	30 December 1824

Governors of New Castile (1532–1544)

Viceroys of Peru (1544–1824)

See also

References

Notes