Qāriʾ
(Redirected from Qari)
| Part of a series on |
| Quran |
|---|
 |
A qāriʾ (Arabic: قَارِئ, Arabic pronunciation: [qaːriʔ], plural قُرَّاء qurrāʾ) is a person who recites the Quran with the proper rules of recitation (tajwid). While in modern times the term refers primarily to professional reciters, historically the qurrāʾ represented an elite class of scholars and early Muslim settlers who played a pivotal role in the administration and political history of the early Rashidun Caliphate.[1]
Although it is encouraged, a qāriʾ does not necessarily have to memorize the Quran, just to recite it according to the rules of tajwid with melodious sound.
Ibn al-Jazari (1350–1429) is considered one of the most prominent scholars in the science of Quran recitation. He was a leading authority who systematized and documented the ten canonical recitations.[2][3][4] Earlier, Abu Bakr Ibn Mujāhid (d. 936) had formalized the system of seven readings. Both scholars contributed to the preservation and transmission of Quran recitation through established chains of oral transmission tracing back to the Prophet Muhammad.[5][6]
The quadrumvirate of Al-Minshawi, Abdul Basit, Al-Hussary, and Mustafa Ismail are generally regarded as prominent Egyptian Quran reciters of modern times who have an outsized impact on the Islamic world.[7][8][9][10][11]
Notable Quran reciters
[edit]Early Islamic period (7th century)
[edit]- Abu Musa al-Ash'ari – A number of traditions praise his Quran recitation,[12][13] and is associated with one of the early versions of Mushaf compilation.[14]
- Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud – Named among the four companions from whom the Prophet Muhammad instructed Muslims to learn Quranic recitation.[15]
- Muadh ibn Jabal – Named among the four companions from whom the Prophet Muhammad instructed Muslims to learn Quranic recitation.[15]
- Ubayy ibn Ka'b – Described in Islamic tradition as one of the foremost Quran reciters among the Companions.[16][15]
- Abu al-Darda – Quran instructor during the time of Muhammad.
- Zayd ibn Thabit – Quran reciter, leading authority and collator during the compilation of Quran in Uthman's caliphate.
- Salim ibn Ma'qil – Freed slave of Abu Hudhayfa ibn Utba, named among the four companions from whom the Prophet Muhammad instructed Muslims to learn Quranic recitation.[15]
- Malik al-Ashtar – Leader of the Kufan qurrāʾ, and the opposition to Caliph Uthman.[17][18]
- Kumayl ibn Ziyad – A prominent Kufan and associate of Ali, noted for his piety and political role.[citation needed]
- Hurqus ibn Zuhayr as-Sa'di – A veteran leader of the qurrāʾ and a founding figure of the Muhakkima.[citation needed]
- Zayd ibn Suhan – A prominent Kufan qāriʾ and orator who was a staunch supporter of Ali until his death at the Battle of the Camel.[citation needed]
- Abd Allah ibn Hanzala – Leader of the Medinan qurrāʾ during the Battle of al-Harra.[citation needed]
- Abd Allah ibn Habib al-Sulami
Seven canonical reciters and transmitters
[edit]- Ibn Amir ad-Dimashqi (d. 736)
- Hisham bin Amar
- Ibn Dhakwan
- Ibn Kathir al-Makki (665–737)
- Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud (d. 745)
- Hafs (706–796)
- Abu Bakr ibn Ayyash (713–809)
- Abu Amr al-Basri (690–771)
- Hamzah az-Zaiyyat (d. 772)
- Khalaf al-Bazzar (767–844)
- Khallad (d. 835)
- Nafiʽ al-Madani (689–785)
- Al-Kisa'i (d. 804)
- Al-Duri (767–860)
- Al-Laythi (d. 854)
8th–18th century
[edit]- Abu Ja'far al-Madani (d. 748)
- Aban ibn Taghlib (d. 758)
- Sulayman al-Aʽmash (d. 765)
- Yahya ibn Adam (757–818)
- Abu Ubaid al-Qasim bin Salam (770–838)
- Abu Bakr al-Isfahani (d. 908)
- Makki ibn Abi Talib al-Qaysi (960–1045)
- Al-Dani (981–1053)
- Muhammad ibn Tayfour Sajawandi (d. 1165)
- Abu al-Qasim al-Shatibi (1144–1194)
- Ibn Juzayy (1292–1340)
- Ibn al-Jazari (1350–1429)
- Sati-un-Nissa (1580–1647)
Contemporary and modern reciters
[edit]Afghanistan
[edit]- Muhammad ibn Tayfour Sajawandi (d. 1165)
Bangladesh
[edit]- Muhammad Ibrahim Ujani (1863–1943)
- Muhammadullah Hafezzi (1895–1987)
- Abdur Rahman Kashgari (1912–1971)
- Abdul Latif Chowdhury Fultali (1913–2008)
- Syed Muhammad Ishaq (1915–1977)
- Saleh Ahmad Takrim (b. 2008)
- Muhammad Tariqul Islam (b. 2004)
Egypt
[edit]Reader is referred to as Shaykh al-Maqâriʾ (Arabic: شيخ المقارئ, lit. 'Scholar of the Recitation Schools').
- Muhammad Rifat (1882–1950)
- Zakariyya Ahmad (1896–1961)
- Mohamed Salamah (1899–1982)
- Mustafa Ismail (1905–1978)
- Mahmoud Khalil Al-Hussary (1917–1980), Shaykh al-Maqâriʾ
- Muhammad Siddiq Al-Minshawi (1920–1969), Shaykh al-Maqâriʾ
- Sayed El Naqshabandy (1920–1976)
- Kamil Yusuf Al-Bahtimi (1922–1969)
- Mahmud Ali al-Banna (1926–1985)
- Ali As-Suwaisy (1926–2001)
- Abdul Basit 'Abd us-Samad (1927–1988), Shaykh al-Maqâri
- Ahmad Nuaina (b. 1954)
- Muhammad Jibril (b. 1964)
India
[edit]- Abul Hasan Azami (b. 1941)
- Husain Burhanuddin (b. 1977)
Indonesia
[edit]- Muammar Z.A. (b. 1954)
- Maria Ulfah (b. 1955)
- Mu'min Ainul Mubarak (b. 1971)
- Ali Jaber (1976–2021)
- Veve Zulfikar (b. 2003)
Iran
[edit]- Saeed Toosi (b. 1970)
- Hamed Shakernejad (b. 1983)
Kuwait
[edit]- Mishary Rashid Alafasy (b. 1976)
Lebanon
[edit]- Mahmoud Ahmad El Akkawi (b. 1971)
Oman
[edit]- Hazza Al Balushi (b. 1995)
Pakistan
[edit]- Zahir Qasmi (1922–1988)
- Ghulam Rasool (1935–2014)
- Khalil Al-Qari (1939–2018)
- Shakir Qasmi (1943–2023)
- Yahya Rasool Nagari (d. 2020)
- Rubina Khalid (1959–2017)
- Hassan Ali Kasi (b. 1999)
- Syed Sadaqat Ali
Palestine
[edit]- Muhammad Rashad al-Sharif (1925–2016)
Saudi Arabia
[edit]- Abd Allah ibn Humayd (1911–1982)
- Mohammad Al Subail (1924–2012)
- Abu Abd al-Rahman Ibn Aqil al-Zahiri (b. 1938)
- Ali al-Hudhaify (b. 1947)
- Muhammad Ayyub (1952–2016)
- Ali Abdullah Jaber (1954–2005)
- Adil al-Kalbani (b. 1959)
- Abdulbari ath-Thubaity (b. 1960)
- Abdul-Rahman Al-Sudais (b. 1963)
- Saud Al-Shuraim (b. 1966)
- Saad al Ghamdi (b. 1967)
- Abdulmohsen Al-Qasim (b. 1967)
- Ahmad bin Ali Al-Ajmi (b. 1968)
- Maher al-Mu'aiqly (b. 1969)
- Mahmoud Khalil al-Qari (1970–2022)
- Abu Bakr Ash Shatry (b. 1970)
- Salah Ba'uthman
- Salah Al Budair (b. 1970)
- Saleh Al-Talib (b. 1974)
- Bandar Baleela (b. 1975)
- Abdullah Awad Al Juhany (b. 1976)
- Yasir al-Dawsari (b. 1980)
Somalia
[edit]- Abdul Rachid Soufi (b. 1962)
Sudan
[edit]- Noreen Muhammad Siddiq (1982–2020)
References
[edit]- ↑ Sallabi 2007, p. 473.
- ↑ Nikolaos G. Chrissis, Mike Carr (2014). "A Damascene Eyewitness to the Battle of Nicopolis: Shams al-Din Ibn al-Jazari (d. 833/1429)". Contact and Conflict in Frankish Greece and the Aegean, 1204–1453 Crusade, Religion and Trade between Latins, Greeks and Turks. Ashgate Publishing. p. 154. ISBN 9781409439264.
- ↑ Semaan, Khalil I (1968). Linguistics in the Middle Ages: Phonetic studies in early Islam. Brill. p. 34.
- ↑ Qāri Izhār Ahmad Thānawi (21 January 2019). "The Great Imām of Qirā'ah: Muhammad Ibn al-Jazari". ilmgate.org. Darul Uloom Deoband. Archived from the original on 29 September 2023.
- ↑ Christopher Melchert, Ibn Mujāhid and the Establishment of Seven Qur'anic Readings, Studia Islamica, No. 91. (2000), pp. 5-22.
- ↑ Dutton, Yasin (2012). "Orality, Literacy and the 'Seven Aḥruf' Ḥadīth". Journal of Islamic Studies. 23 (1): 1–49. ISSN 0955-2340.
- ↑ Taha Shoeb (2 Feb 2018). "Khalaf from Hamzah – A look at the features of recitation of al-Qur'an by Shahzada Husain Bhaisaheb". thedawoodibohras.com. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020.
- ↑ Ejaz Taj (6 Sep 2018). "A Meeting with the Egyptian Giants, al-Minshāwī, al-Huṣrī, Muṣṭafā Ismāʿīl and ʿAbdul-Bāsit ʿAbdus-Ṣamad". islam21c.com. Archived from the original on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Best Quran Recitation Competition for Students Planned in Egypt". iqna.ir. 4 May 2020. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020.
- ↑ Frishkopf, Michael (28 Dec 2009). "Mediated Qur'anic Recitation and the Contestation of Islam in Contemporary Egypt". In Nooshin, Laundan (ed.). In Music and Play of Power in the Middle East. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0754634577. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020.
- ↑ صفحة القارئ عبد الباسط عبد الصمد - موقع تلفاز القرآن الكريم, archived from the original on 2019-11-08, retrieved 2019-11-08
- ↑ Hawting, Gerarld R. (15 December 1983). "ABŪ MŪSĀ AŠʿARĪ". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. 1. pp. 346–347.
- ↑ Sahih Muslim 793e In-book reference: Book 6, Hadith 280. USC-MSA web (English) reference: Book 4, Hadith 1735
- ↑ A. Jeffery, Materials for the History of the Text of the Quran, Leiden, pp. 209-11, Leiden 1937
- 1 2 3 4 "Sahih al-Bukhari 3758". sunnah.com. Retrieved 2026-10-20.
- ↑ Saylan, Nesrişah (2023-03-23). "Übey B. Ka'b'ın Kıraat İlmindeki Yeri Ve Ona Atfedilen Kıraatlerin İncelenmesi". Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi (in Turkish). 13 (1). Ordu University: 559–572. doi:10.48146/odusobiad.1161301. ISSN 1309-9302.
- ↑ Madelung, W. (1997). The Succession to Muḥammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-64696-3.
- ↑ Ayar, Kenan (2005-02-01). "Mâlik B. El-Hâris El-Eşter'in İlk Dönem Siyasi Hadiselerdeki Rolü". Dinbilimleri Akademik Araştırma Dergisi (in Turkish). 5 (1). Yavuz ÜNAL: 37–93. ISSN 1303-9199.
External links
[edit]- Qur'an recitation Archived 2012-02-05 at the Wayback Machine
- Free and open source Qur'an resource
| International | |
|---|---|
| Other | |
 | This Islam-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information. |
