Φάρος

See also: φάρος, φᾶρος, and φαρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. In one proposed etymology the Ancient Greek name comes from the (unattested) Egyptian name for the island, corresponding to Coptic ⲫⲁⲣⲉϩ (phareh, “the guard”) = ⲫ- (ph-, “the”) +‎ ⲁⲣⲉϩ (areh, “guard”);

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰá.ros/ → /ˈɸa.ros/ → /ˈfa.ros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰá.ros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰa.ros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸa.ros/
• (10^th CE Medieval) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ros/

Proper noun

Φᾰ́ρος • (Phắros) f (genitive Φᾰ́ρου); second declension

1. Pharos (a former island off Alexandria, Egypt)

Inflection

Second declension of ἡ Φᾰ́ρος; τῆς Φᾰ́ρου (Attic)

	singular
nominative	ἡ Φᾰ́ροςhē Phắros
genitive	τῆς Φᾰ́ρουtês Phắrou
dative	τῇ Φᾰ́ρῳtēî Phắrōi
accusative	τὴν Φᾰ́ρονtḕn Phắron
vocative	Φᾰ́ρεPhắre

• This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Proper noun

Φάρος • (Pháros) m

1. The Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

Descendants

• Greek: φάρος (fáros)
• → Arabic: فاروس
• → Armenian: Փարոս (Pʻaros), փարոս (pʻaros)
• → English: Pharos
• → French: Phare
• → Hebrew: פארוס
• → Latin: Pharus, Pharos, pharus
  • Italian: faro
  • Old French:
    • French: phare
      • Mauritian Creole: far
      • Réunion Creole French: far
      • → Bulgarian: фар (far)
      • → English: phare
      • → Khmer: ហ្វារ (faa)
      • → Luxembourgish: Phar
      • → Macedonian: фар (far)
      • → Moore: faare
      • → Romanian: far
      • → Russian: фара (fara)
        • → Crimean Tatar: fara
      • → Turkish: far
      • → Vietnamese: pha
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: faru
  • Old Occitan:
    • Catalan: far
  • Old Galician-Portuguese:
    • Galician: faro
    • Portuguese: faro, farol
  • Old Spanish:
    • Spanish: faro, farol
      • → Cebuano: parol
      • → Central Bikol: parol
      • → Kapampangan: parul
      • → Tausug: parul
  • → Albanian: far
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Latin script: Hvar

  Cyrillic script: Хвар

  • → English: Hvar

Further reading

• “Φάρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Φάρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “Φάρος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[3], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,021