𒀠𒉺𒀸

Hittite

𒀠𒉺𒀸	The cuneiform font displayed by default does not accurately represent the Hittite script. The required files are provided by Hethitologie-Portal Mainz. Please download and install Hittite fonts directly at hethport.net/cuneifont/ their website.

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *albʰós (“white”). Cognate to Latin albus (“white”), Ancient Greek ἀλφός (alphós, “whiteness, white leprosy”), Umbrian 𐌀𐌋𐌚𐌖 (alfu, “white”) and Old Welsh elbid (“world”).

Kloekhorst (2008: 169) does not see a connection with Latin albus and Greek ἀλφός because of a poor match in form and meaning. The Hittite word is "predominantly associated with rain and thunder" and Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós should have yielded word-initial ḫ- in Hittite. In his view, the semantic connection is too weak to accept positing a fourth laryngeal (that assumedly left no trace in Hittite) or assume a Proto-Indo-European vowel *a that is not from *h₂e, as this word would be one of the very few - if not the only one - to have one of these two. He does not offer an alternative etymology.

Noun

𒀠𒉺𒀸 • (al-pa-aš /alpaš/) c

1. cloud

Inflection

Broad transcription
a-stem noun¹
Common gender	Singular	Plural
nominative	alpaš	alpeš, alpiš
vocative	alpi, alpa	—
accusative	alpan	alpuš
genitive	alpaš	alpaš, alpan²
dative-locative	alpi	alpaš
allative	alpa	—
ablative	alpaz(a)	alpaz(a)
instrumental	alpit	alpit
1. The desinences in this table have been normalized. For alternative endings see Appendix:Hittite declension. 2. Only in Old Hittite.

Cuneiform
a-stem noun
Common gender	Singular	Plural
nominative	𒀠𒉺𒀸	𒀠pe𒌍, 𒀠pi𒅖
	al-pa-aš	al-pe-eš, al-pi-iš
vocative	𒀠𒉺, 𒀠pi	—
	al-pa, al-pi
accusative	𒀠𒉺𒀭	𒀠𒁍𒍑
	al-pa-an	al-pu-uš
genitive	𒀠𒉺𒀸	𒀠𒉺𒀸, 𒀠𒉺𒀭
	al-pa-aš	al-pa-aš, al-pa-an
dative-locative	𒀠pi	𒀠𒉺𒀸
	al-pi	al-pa-aš
allative	𒀠𒉺	—
	al-pa
ablative	𒀠𒉺𒊍	𒀠𒉺𒊍
	al-pa-az	al-pa-az
instrumental	𒀠pi𒀉	𒀠pi𒀉
	al-pi-it	al-pi-it
More than one syllabification is possible. For more information see Wiktionary:Hittite transliteration