Firayim Minista na farko na Mahathir Mohamad
| executive term (en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙasa | Maleziya |
| Gwamna | Mahathir Mohamad |
| Lokacin farawa | 16 ga Yuli, 1981 |
| Lokacin gamawa | 31 Oktoba 2003 |
An rantsar da Mahathir Mohamad a matsayin Firayim Minista na huɗu na Malaysia a ranar 16 ga Yulin 1981. Wannan ya nuna farkon firaministansa na farko, wanda ya kasance har zuwa 2003, mafi tsawo a Tarihin ƙasar. Ya karɓi taken "Tsabtace, Mai Inganci da Amincewa" (Bersih, Cekap dan Amanah) kuma ya gabatar da sauye-sauyen siyasa, tattalin arziki, da gudanarwa don sabunta Malaysia da ƙarfafa kasancewarta a matakin duniya.
A cikin gida, Mahathir ya ci gaba kuma ya gyara Sabon Manufar Tattalin Arziki ta Malaysia (NEP), yana inganta shiga tattalin arziki ta hanyar mallakar kayayyaki, masana'antu, da manyan ayyukan ababen more rayuwa kamar Arewa-Kudancin Expressway da ci gaban Langkawi a matsayin tsibirin da ba shi da haraji. Ya kuma dauki tsayin daka na yaki da miyagun ƙwayoyi, yana gabatar da dokoki masu tsauri da kamfen na jama'a don yaki da shan miyagun ƙ ƙwayoyi a duk faɗin ƙasar. A cikin 1991, bayan kammalawar NEP, ya gabatar da Manufofin Ci Gaban Kasa (NDP), wanda ya riƙe abubuwa masu tabbatarwa amma ya ba da fifiko ga ci gaban tattalin arziki, fadada kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, da rage talauci. A wannan shekarar, ya sanar da Vision 2020 (Wawasan 2020), ajanda ta kasa don canza Malaysia zuwa ƙasa mai tasowa a shekara ta 2020. A lokacin Rikicin Kudi na Asiya na 1997, Mahathir ya ɗauki matakan da ba na al'ada ba ciki har da kula da babban birnin da kuma daidaitaccen canjin canji, wanda ya taimaka wajen daidaita tattalin arziki da kauce wa shiga tsakani na IMF.

A siyasance, Mahathir ya nemi inganta mulkin Malaysia ta hanyar hada ikon zartarwa da inganta ingancin gudanarwa. A shekara ta 1987, Mahathir ya kayar da Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah a cikin Zaben jam'iyyar UMNO mai zafi, gwagwarmayar da ta zurfafa rarrabuwar cikin gida kuma daga baya ta haifar da kafa sabuwar UMNO a shekarar 1988. A lokacin mulkinsa, gwamnatin Mahathir ya hana ikon tsarin mulki na mulkin mallaka, gami da cire kariya ta sarauta daga gurfanar da shi, don haka tabbatar da ikon zaɓaɓɓen gwamnati a cikin dimokuradiyya ta majalisa. Koyaya, jagorancinsa ya kuma ga ƙalubale, gami da babban rikicin siyasa a 1998 lokacin da ya kori Mataimakin Firayim Minista Anwar Ibrahim, wani taron da ya jawo hankalin jama'a da kuma binciken duniya.
A cikin manufofin kasashen waje, Mahathir ya bi "Dubi Gabas ta Tsakiya" don zurfafa alaƙa da Japan da Koriya ta Kudu, kuma ya kaurace wa kayayyakin Birtaniya na ɗan lokaci don mayar da martani ga tashin hankali na diflomasiyya, kafin daga baya ya sulhunta da Firayim Minista Margaret Thatcher. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a diflomasiyyar kasa da kasa, yana tallafawa Kokarin adawa da wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu da kuma ba da shawara ga Musulmai a Bosnia. Matsayinsa ya sake fasalin siyasar Malaysia da tattalin arziki, ya kafa gadonsa a matsayin daya daga cikin shugabannin da suka fi tasiri a kasashe masu tasowa. Mahathir da son rai ya yi ritaya a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2003 kuma mataimakinsa, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi ya gaje shi. An ba shi sunan "Uba na zamani" ("Bapa Pemodenan") na Malaysia.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mahathir ya fara aikinsa na siyasa bayan ya shiga kungiyar United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), jam'iyyar siyasa mafi rinjaye ta Malaysia, a farkon zamanin bayan 'yancin kai. An fara zabarsa a majalisar dokoki a shekarar 1964, yana wakiltar mazabar Kota Setar Selatan, amma ya rasa kujerarsa a shekarar 1969 a cikin rikice-rikicen siyasa da ya biyo bayan tashin hankali na launin fata a Kuala Lumpur da kuma sukar manufofin gwamnati. Bayan zaben, ya soki jagorancin Firayim Minista Tunku Abdul Rahman da tsarin tattalin arziki, wanda ya haifar da korarsa daga UMNO daga baya a wannan shekarar.
Bayan murabus din Tunku, an dawo da Mahathir cikin UMNO a 1972 a karkashin jagorancin Firayim Minista Abdul Razak Hussein . A shekara ta 1973, an nada shi Sanata, matsayin da daga baya ya yi murabus don ya tsaya takarar Babban zaben 1974, inda aka dawo da shi ba tare da hamayya ba. Bayan zaben, an nada shi Ministan Ilimi. A shekara ta 1976, an nada Mahathir Mataimakin Firayim Minista yayin da yake riƙe da fayil ɗin ilimi. Wani gyare-gyare na majalisa a shekarar 1978 ya gan shi ya bar ma'aikatar ilimi kuma ya ɗauki matsayin Ministan Kasuwanci da Masana'antu, inda ya jagoranci ayyukan inganta saka hannun jari da yawa a kasashen waje.
A cikin UMNO, an zabi Mahathir a matsayin daya daga cikin mataimakan shugabanni uku na jam'iyyar a shekarar 1975. Daga baya ya lashe mukamin mataimakin shugaban kasa a shekarar 1978 kuma, a shekarar 1981, an zabe shi shugaban jam'iyyar, ya shirya hanyar da za a nada shi a matsayin Firayim Minista daga baya a wannan shekarar.
Ma'aikatar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Lokacin da Mahathir ya zama Firayim Minista, nan da nan ya kafa majalisar ministocin tarayya ta farko. Ma'aikatar ta kasance gwamnatin hadin gwiwa a karkashin Barisan Nasional, tare da ministocin da aka samo daga jam'iyyun bangarori kamar UMNO, Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), Sarawak United Peoples" Party (SUPP), da sauransu. Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan farko na Mahathir shine nadin Musa Hitam a matsayin Mataimakin Firayim Minista, bayan zaben jam'iyya na ciki na mataimakin shugabancin UMNO wanda ya tabbatar da mataimakin firaminista.
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Shugabancin Ronald Reagan
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- Firayim Minista na biyu na Mahathir Mohamad