Jebel Akhdar (Libya)
| Jebel Akhdar | |
|---|---|
| General information | |
Height above mean sea level (en)  | 600 m |
| Labarin ƙasa | |
 | |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 32°35′52″N 21°28′22″E / 32.5977°N 21.4728°E |
| Kasa | Libya |
| Territory | Libya |
The Jebel Akhdar ( Arabic al-Jabal al-Akhḍarar, Italian , English: ) yanki ne mai yawan dazuzzuka, mai albarka a arewa maso gabashin Libya . Tana cikin <i id="mwGg">shabiyyah</i> ko gundumomin zamani na Derna, Jabal al Akhdar, da Marj .
Yanayin ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Jebel Akhdar ya ƙunshi wani tudun tsaunuka wanda tsayinsa ya kai 900 metres (3,000 ft), wanda kwaruruka da kwaruruka da dama suka yanke. Tana samar da yankin arewa maso yamma na yankin da ke manne arewa da Tekun Bahar Rum, tare da Tekun Sidra a yamma, da kuma Tekun Levantine a gabas. Tana tafiya daga Bengazi zuwa gabas zuwa gabashin Derna, tana fuskantar bakin teku na tsawon kimanin 330 kilometres (210 mi) . Saboda zaizayar ƙasa da kuma zubar da ruwa, wani lokacin tudun yana kai har 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) daga bakin teku, amma yana samar da duwatsu a kan tsaunukan kai. [1] [2] An kammala ɗagawa da kuma ɗaga lanƙwasa na ƙarshe na tudun a Miocene . [2]
Yankin yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan yankunan dazuzzuka na Libya, waɗanda gabaɗaya suna ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe mafi ƙarancin dazuzzuka a Duniya. Jebel Akhdar shine yanki mafi danshi a Libya, yana da kimanin 600 millimetres (24 in) na ruwan sama a kowace shekara. [3] Ruwan sama mai yawa yana taimakawa wajen samar da manyan dazuzzukan yankin da ke ɗauke da Chammari, kuma yana ba da damar noman 'ya'yan itatuwa, dankali, da hatsi mai yawa, wani abu da ba kasafai ake samu ba a ƙasa mai bushewa kamar Libya. [4] Ana kiwon raƙuma, awaki da tumaki a cikin da kewayen Jebel Akhdar kuma makiyayan sun fi zama makiyaya. [3]
Flora
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Sabanin yadda ake samun ƙarancin ruwa a mafi yawan yankunan Libya, akwai dazuzzuka a wannan yankin da jimillarsu ta kai kimanin 3200. km 2, kodayake an riga an lalata kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na dajin asali don samar da hanyar noma. Baya ga dazuzzukan akwai kuma manyan wurare na maquis da ciyayi masu kama da steppe . Yawancin nau'in maquis sune juniper na Phoenician ( Juniperus phoenicea ), itacen mastic ( Pistacia lentiscus ), itacen oak na Kermes ( Quercus coccifera ) da itacen carob ( Ceratonia siliqua ). A wuraren da suka bushe kamar steppe, asphodel mai rassan itace ( Asphodelus ramosus ), prickly burnet (Sarcopoterium spinosum) da white wormwood ( Artemisia herba-alba ) sun fi yawa. Fiye da rabin nau'ikan shuke-shuken da ke da saurin yaduwa a Libya ana samun su ne a Jebel Akhdar, kuma daga cikinsu, bakwai ne kawai ake samu a yankin: Arbutus pavarii, Arum cyrenaicum, Bellis sylvestris var. cyrenaica, Cyclamen rohlfsianum, Cynara cyrenaica, Onopordum cyrenaicum da Romulea cyrenaica . [5]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tsoho
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Takardun da aka ƙirƙira a lokacin Sabuwar Masarautar Masar sun nuna cewa a yamma akwai ɗimbin ma'aikatan ƙarfe waɗanda ke zaune a garuruwa kuma suna da dabbobi masu yawa. Wurin da kawai za a iya tabbatar da shi ga waɗannan "'yan Libya" shine Jebel Akhdar.
Tsohon yankin Girka na Cyrene yana cikin wani kwarin da ke cikin Jebel Akhdar, tare da ragowar tarkacen. [6] Girkawa ne suka gabatar da noma ga Jebal Akhdar lokacin da suka mamaye kwaruruka masu ganye a kusan shekara ta 600 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. [4]
Mamayar Italiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A lokacin mamayar Italiya an gano waɗannan tsaunuka a matsayin yanki mai kyau ga noma kuma yawancin 'yan Italiya sun ƙaura zuwa nan a cikin shekarun 1930. An katse wannan matsugunin a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu kuma ƙauyuka da gonaki sun yi kaura daga baya 'yan Libya suka sake mamaye shi. Sarkar tsaunuka ita ce wurin da aka yi manyan yaƙe-yaƙe tsakanin Commonwealth na Burtaniya da sojojin Axis a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. [3]
'Yanci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shugaban Libya Omar al-Mukhtar ya yi amfani da wannan yanki mai tsaunuka da dazuzzuka don ya yi tsayayya da mulkin mallaka na Italiya a Libya fiye da shekaru ashirin. [7]
Mutane masu shahara
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Hotunan hotuna
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yankunan shimfidar wuri
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yankin kusa da tsakiyar Jebel Akhdar (wajen birnin Bayda )
Gabashin Jebel Akhdar (kusa da Derna )
Yankin ɓoyewa na Marj
Yankin mafakar Al Bakour
Al Bakour a ƙarshen yammacin Jebel Akhdar, kusa da Taucheira
Misali na mummunan zaizayar ƙasa wanda ka iya faruwa sakamakon sare dazuzzuka a Jebel Akhdar (kusa da gadar Wadi el Kuf )
Flora
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Quercus coccifera ( Fagaceae )
Viburnum tinus ( Viburnaceae )
Myrtaceae ( Myrtus communis )
Ceratonia siliqua ( Fabaceae )
Retama raetam (Fabaceae)
Pistacia lentiscus ( anacardiaceae )
Lycium shawii ( Solanaceae )
Rhamnus lycioides ( Rhamnaceae )
Juniperus phoenicea ( Cupressaceae )
Artemisia herba-alba ( Asteraceae )
Cichorium spinosum (Asteraceae)
Limoniastrum monopetalum ( Plumbaginaceae )
Sarcopoterium spinosum ( Rosaceae )
Crucianella maritima ( Rubiaceae )
Suaeda vermiculata ( Amaranthaceae )
Marrubium vulgare ( Lamiaceae )
Cyclamen rohlfsianum ( Myrsinaceae ). Nau'in da ke da alaƙa da cututtuka daban-daban
Asphodelus ramosus ( Asphodelaceae )
Pancratium maritimum ( Amaryllidaceae )
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Fauna
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kura mai ratsi ( Hyaena hyaena )
Dila mai ja ( Vulpes vulpes )
Genet gama gari ( Genetta genetta )
Mongoose na Masar ( Herpestes ichneumon )
Bushiya ta Arewacin Afirka ( Atelerix algirus )
Giwa mai siffar giwa ta Arewacin Afirka ( Petrosaltator rozeti )
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Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Dazuzzukan busassun Bahar Rum da steppe - ƙananan tsaunuka
- Dazuzzuka da dazuzzukan Bahar Rum - manyan tsaunuka
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Carter, Theresa Howard (1963). "Reconnaissance in Cyrenaica" (PDF). Expedition. University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. 5 (3): 18–27, page 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
- 1 2 Röhlich, Pavel (1978). "Geological development of Jabal al Akhdar, Libya". Geologische Rundschau. 67 (2): 401–412. Bibcode:1978GeoRu..67..401R. doi:10.1007/BF01802797. S2CID 129730283.
- 1 2 3 "Akhdar Mountains". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- 1 2 "Cyrenaica at 1300m". Hidden Journeys. Retrieved 2016-11-27.
- ↑ Al-Sodany, Yassin, Shehata, M.N. and Shaltout, Kamal Hussein "Vegetation along an elevation gradient in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya" January 2003 Ecologia Mediterranea 29(2):125-138 doi:10.3406/ecmed.2003.1547
- ↑ "Cyrenaica". Livius. Retrieved 2016-11-27.
- ↑ "A symbol of resistance: Omar Mukhtar". Worldbulletin News. Archived from the original on 7 May 2014. Retrieved 2016-11-27.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
