Mammoplasia
 Mammoplasia | |
|---|---|
physiological phenomenon (en)  | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | breast enlargement (en) |
Mammoplasia shine al'ada ko fadada nono na mutum.[1] Mammoplasia yana faruwa ne a lokacin balaga da ciki a cikin mata, da kuma wasu lokutan sake zagayowar haila. Lokacin da ya faru a cikin maza, ana kiransa gynecomastia kuma ana ɗaukarsa cututtuka ne.[2] Lokacin da ya faru a cikin mata kuma ya wuce gona da iri, ana kiransa macromastia (wanda aka fi sani da gigantomastia ko hypertrophy na nono) kuma ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin cututtuka. Mammoplasia na iya zama saboda ƙonewar nono, wanda shine fadada nono na wucin gadi wanda ya haifar da shayarwa da adana madara nono tare da lactation da / ko galactorrhea (mai yawa ko samar da madara mara kyau). Mastodynia (ƙanƙara / ciwo) sau da yawa yana faruwa tare da mammoplasia.
A Lokacin luteal phase (ƙarshe rabin) na sake zagayowar haila, saboda karuwar jinin nono da / ko riƙewar ruwa na pre-menstrual wanda ya haifar da babban yaduwar Estrogen da / ko progesterone, nono na ɗan lokaci yana ƙaruwa a girman, kuma wannan mata suna fuskantar shi azaman cikawa, nauyi, kumbura, da jin dadi.[3]
Mammoplasia na iya zama sakamako ko sakamako na gefe na magunguna daban-daban, gami da estrogen, [1] [2] antiandrogens kamar spironolactone, [3] Cyproterone acetate, [4] bicalutamide, [5] [6] da finasteride, [5] [7] hormone na girma, [4] da magungunan da ke ɗaga matakan prolactin kamar Mai karɓar D2 antagonists kamar antipsychotics (misali, risperidone), metoclopramide, da domperidone [4] da wasu antidepressants kamar masu hana serotonin reuptake (As RTC).[8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Hadarin ya bayyana ya zama ƙasa da Masu hana sake dawo da serotonin-norepinephrine (SNRIs) kamar venlafaxine.[15] Magungunan antidepressants "atypical" mirtazapine da bupropion ba sa ƙara matakan prolactin (bupropion na iya rage matakan prolaptin), sabili da haka bazai sami haɗari tare da waɗannan wakilai ba.[11] Sauran magungunan da aka haɗa da mammoplasia sun haɗa da D-penicillamine, bucillamine, neothetazone, ciclosporin, indinavir, wiwi, da cimetidine.[16][17]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Nathanson, Ira T. (1946). "Present Concepts of Benign Breast Disease". New England Journal of Medicine. 235 (15): 548–553. doi:10.1056/NEJM194610102351505. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 20998969.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named "PescovitzEugster2004". - ↑ Milligan D, Drife JO, Short RV (1975). "Changes in breast volume during normal menstrual cycle and after oral contraceptives". Br Med J. 4 (5995): 494–6. doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5995.494. PMC 1675650. PMID 1192144.
[M]any women report breast changes during the normal menstrual cycle, with a feeling of fullness and a tingling sensation immediately before menstruation.1 Women taking oral contraceptives also seem to experience similar breast symptoms.2 It has been claimed that there are also pronounced changes in breast volume during the normal menstrual cycle, with maximum values occurring in the week before menstruation.3
