gist Release Notes

Release 9.4.0

Minor Updates

Removed equivalences to union classes from the definitions of gist:Artifact and gist:Place

• Description: Replaced the union class equivalence assertions from gist:Artifact and gist:Place with rdfs:subClassOf assertions from each of the union class members to gist:Artifact or gist:Place, as appropriate.
• Rationale: Stating equivalence of a class to a union class prevents adding a new subclass which is not also a subclass of one of the union class members, thus reducing extensibility of the ontology.
• Impact: Removes the inference that an instance of gist:Artifact or gist:Place is also an instance of one of the members of the union class. Presumably low impact since this is a weak inference.
• Issues: #110, #343.

Changes to Category predicates

• Description: Added intransitive properties gist:hasDirectSubCategory and gist:hasDirectSuperCategory as subproperties of gist:hasSubCategory and gist:hasSuperCategory, respectively. The latter are now defined as transitive.
• Rationale: The direct sub/supercategory properties provide a mechanism for defining gapless taxonomy trees. The existing properties are logically transitive.
• Impact: No changes required to existing implementations. The changes enhance the definition of taxonomy trees.
• Issues: #104, #107.

Replaced gist:Weight with gist:Mass in all contexts

• Description: Deprecated gist:Weight; gist:Mass should be used instead. All axiomatic references to gist:Weight have been changed to gist:Mass.
• Rationale: Standardize to gist:Mass rather than mixing gist:Mass and gist:Weight.
• Impact: Users can continue to use the gist:Weight class by importing gistDeprecated, but it will be removed in a future major release. New implementations should use gist:Mass.
• Issue: #105.

Patch Updates

Made gist:hasPhysicalLocation transitive

• Description: gist:hasPhysicalLocation was erroneously not defined as transitive.
• Rationale: Logically, physical location is a transitive (containment) relationship.
• Issues: #109.

Deprecated gist:_unitedNations

• Description: Deprecated gist:_unitedNations and moved from gistCore to gistDeprecated. A gist:CountryGovernment must be recognized by some organization, but not specifically the United Nations.
• Rationale: The only function of this individual was in the definition of gist:CountryGovernment, but the recognizing institution of a country government is implementation-dependent and thus does not belong in gist. Those wishing to refer to the United Nations should use an existing URI issued by an authoritative source.
• Impact: gist:_unitedNations is still available for use in gistDeprecated. The definition of gist:CountryGovernment has been relaxed with the removal of an incorrect requirement; client ontologies can subclass with their desired recognizing body.
• Issue: #207.

Trivial corrections to axioms in the definition of some geo terms

• Description: Trivial corrections to axioms in the definitions of gist:GeoRoute, gist:geoContains, and gist:GeoRoute.
• Rationale: Bug fixes.
• Impact: None.
• Issues: #64, #334, #361.

Changed ontology edit format from RDF/XML (.owl) to Turtle (.ttl)

• Description: OWL files are now stored in the repository as Turtle rather than RDF/XML. The release package will include RDF/XML, Turtle, and JSON-LD files.
• Rationale: Turtle is an easier format to read and edit. Users may want to use any one of these three common serializations.
• Issues: #223, #319.

Added release notes template

• Description: Added release notes template to be followed by contributors submitting a PR.
• Rationale: Standardize release note format for readability.
• Issue: #338.

Import URL: https://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore9.4.0.

Release 9.3.0

• Merged into a single module/file all of gist except the gistDeprecated module. Fixes issue #292.
• Removed import diagram generation and catalog files from bundling. Fixes issue #309.
• Amended bundle.yaml to add rdfs:isDefinedBy to all ontology terms during release bundling process. Fixes issue #266.
• Added gist:EmailAddress as a subclass of gist:ElectronicMessageAddress. Fixes issue #99.
• Changed gist:orderedMemberOf from Inverse Functional to Functional. Fixes issue #262.
• Added gist:Collection as the range, instead of domain, of gist:memberOf. Fixes issue #142.
• Removed redundant disjoints. Fixes issue #254.

Import URL: https://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore9.3.0.

Release 9.2.0

• Replaced all “xs” namespace prefixes for XML Schema with “xsd”. Corrects issue #158.
• Corrected gist:convertToBase value for gist:_minute from 1.0 to 60.0. Fixes issue #82.
• Added initial draft of in-progress gist style guide. Fixes issue #163.
• Added documentation of change and release management process. Fixes issue #233.
• Added guidelines for submission of GitHub issues and pull requests. Fixes issue #190.
• Remove defunct tools and documentation. Fixes issue #193.
• Include direct imports of all gist modules in gistCore. Fixes issue #80.
• Corrected all typos and misspellings in annotations. Fixes issue #210.
• Added cardinality restrictions and disjoints to various gist unit classes. Fixes #69.
• Removed defunct owl:versionInfo from all ontology files. Fixes issue #212.

Import URL: https://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore9.2.0.

Release 9.1.0

• Reformatted all files to match uniform serialization.
• Corrected restriction for gist:Collection.
• Provided missing labels for classes and properties.
• Corrects issues #72, #91, #95, #96, #97, #98, #101, #122, and #145.
• Removed outdated Visio and PDF files, documentation is now auto-generated as part of the release process.
• gistWiki has been removed.

Import URL: https://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore9.1.0.

Release 9.0

Miscellaneous

• The gist namespace has been modfied from http: to https:.
• Added comments to ontologies.
• Added labels and comments to many properties and classes.
• SocialBeing has been removed.
• The property gist:party has been renamed to gist:hasParty.

Import URL: https://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore9.0.0.

Agreement

• SocialBeing has been removed. A few restrictions that used SocialBeing as a filter class now use the expression (Person or Organization).
• Added Contract.
• The property gist:party was renamed to gist:hasParty.

Category

• New property: hasTag.
• A gist:Category now uses gist:hasTag instead of gist:containedText.
• The definition of Taxonomy was corrected. It used to be a controlled vocabulary that had a super category or a navigational parent. But it is not the taxonomy that is part of a hierarchy, it is the elements of the taxonomy that are part of the hierarchy. The definition for gist:Taxonomy now says it is a controlled vocabulary and has a member that has either a sub category or super category. The notion of navigational parent is no longer included in the definition.
• The object property gist:hasPreferredTerm that pointed to a gist:Text property was removed. Use the annotation skos:prefLabel instead.

Event

• Renamed occurredAt to occursAt.
• Changed restriction on gist:Event to be (occursAt gist:Place) rather than (occuredAt gist:GeoRegion).
• Renamed TemplateTask to TaskTemplate because it is a template related to tasks, not a task related to templates.
• Moved gist;characterizedAs to gistTop.
• Removed TimeInterval. A number of restrictions with filter class (TimeInstant or TimeInterval) changed to be just TimeInstant.

Intention

• A ServiceSpecifictation no longer produced a behavior. Rather, it is the basis for an Event (replaced a restriction)
• New property: basisFor, inverse of basedOn which is defined in gistTop.

IoT

Entirely new ontology for modeling Internet of Things concepts.

Measure

• Slight clarification of the meaning of OrdinalCollection. Mathematically, it is more than just a total order, it is a strict total order.
• directlyPrecedes replaces strictlyPrecedes.
• directlyPrecededBy replaces strictlyPrecededBy
• PhysicalThing removed, was a vestige from the past.

Network

• Entirely new ontology covering concepts for a virtual or actual network.

Organization

• New Class: GeoPoliticalRegion, a collection of gist:GeoRegion administered by a GovernmentOrganization.

Place

• The range of the property geoOccupies changed to gist:Place. It had been the union of GeoRegion and GeoVolume.

TemporalRelation

• TemporalRelation no longer a subclass of TimeInterval (which has been removed).

Time

• Just a few new labels and comments.

Top

• References to TimeInterval removed.
• Event is no longer a subclass of TimeInterval. Instead, it has a start and end time.
• gist:Content is no longer disjoint with Intention.
• gist:Magnitude is no longer gist:of something. We used to think of magnitude of say 180 pounds as necessarily being a value associated with something, e.g. a person. gist:of was the inverse of gist:hasA which no longer exists.

Unit

• RatioUnit used to have exactly 1 UnitOfMeasure as a numerator, now it can have more than one.

Deprecated

Added to the list of deprecated things:

1. Renamed a. gist:TemplateTask (renamed to TaskTemplate) b. gist:party (use hasParty instead)
2. Removed a. gist:SocialBeing - use (Person or Organization) instead b. gist:of (a vestige of the past) c. gist:sameOrderAs (was adding unnecessary mathematical precision) d. gist:TimeInterval (the idea of a time interval is captured by assigning it a start and end time, e.g. an event) e. gist:dateTime
3. Replaced by a variation a. gist:strictlyPrecededBy (using directlyPrecededBy instead) b. gist:strictlyPrecedes (using directlyPrecedes instead)

Release 8.0

This major version primarily changed all concept URIs to use / instead of # Additionally, gistWiki is no longer included by gistCore.

Import URL: http://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore8.0.0.

Release 7.5

This version focused on making the import structure simpler and flatter, in order to make it easier for people to use subsets of gist if they want to. Because all of gist is in one name space this was relatively easy to do and will have very little impact on anyone who is using gist 7.* (see the change log there were a few changes that you may want to review).

Import URL: http://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore7.5.owl.

Release 7.4

Gist 7.4 was an internal release.

Release 7.3

• An additional supplementary ontology was added for Units of Measure which introduces the concept of a Coherent Unit. This allows for conversions between units of the same dimension to be done using just SPARQL, as opposed to relying on rules.
• There are new and/or improved annotations (definitions, notes, examples, negative examples, etc.) on all Classes.
• The Category ontology added properties for true sub/super type relationship, including having a unique superType (parent).
• Other minor changes:
• removal of redundant imports and redundant classes already defined in another ontology
• relaxed the domain on gist:start and gist:end
• expanded the range of gist:fromAgent and gist:toAgent
• added to the Units of Measure ontology and corrected an erronoeously named class

See ChangeLog in pdf file for full details of changes.

Import URL: http://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore7.3.owl.

Release 7.2

• Add wiki and rdfshape capability
• Removed some redundant assertions, and moved some comments to the ontology where the concept was first introduced.
• Removed currencyValue in favor of decimalValue
• Upgrades domains on some date properties and hasCommunicationAddress
• Deprecated a lot of the measurement stuff that wasn’t being used (as far as we know)

Import URL: http://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore7.2.owl.

Release 7.1.1

• Fix an erroneous disjoint statement on the class gist:Magnitude. If you previously downloaded gist 7.1 you may have experienced an inference error if you attempted to run inference using Hermit. The gist 7.1.1 release has eliminated the cause of this error.
• In addition to using the OWL files locally, you can import these files via URL directly into your ontology editor of choice(Protegé, Topbraid, etc.) The import will take care of the dependencies.

Import URL: http://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore7.1.1.owl.

Release 7.1

Primarily fixes minor errors like typos in our gist 7.0 release.

Below is a brief summary of the changes that have semantic import from an inference perspective (axiom added, removed, changed, etc.) or that are backward incompatible.

• Made gist:uniqueText a sub-property of gist:containedText.
• Added gist:Agreement to range of gist:governs.
• Changed gist:prevent, gist:allow and gist:require to gist:prevents, gist:allows, and gist:requires.
• Changed restriction on gist:Offer to use gist:hasDirectPart some gist:CatalogItem.
• Removed property gist:specifiedIn, no longer needed.
• Changed property restriction on gist:Account from gist:hasA some gist:Balance to gist:hasMagnitude some gist:Balance.
• Corrected inverse property of gist:hasDirectSubtask to gist:directSubtaskOf
• Added gist:IntellectualProperty and gist:PhysicalThing to the range of gist:governs.
• In the definition of gist:Requirement, removed gist:Conformance from the range of gist:requires.

In addition to using the OWL files locally, you can import these files via URL directly into your ontology editor of choice(Protegé, Topbraid, etc.) The import will take care of the dependencies.

Import URL: http://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore7.1.owl.

Release Notes gist 7.0

gist 7.0 is a major upgrade from our last released version (6.7.1). The main differences are:

• gist 7.0 is extremely modular. There are 18 modules that can be used collectively or in subsets if you don’t need all the concepts in gist.
• gist 7.0 is more elegant than its predecessors. We have reduced the number of top level concepts that everything else derives from to 12. And these 12 concepts are not philosophical abstractions like endurants and perdurants, or qualia, there are normal terms whose definitions are quite close to what you already believe.
• gist 7.0 has more extensive and more-fine grained disjointness at the highest level. It turns out that in order for an upper ontology to help you avoid making logical errors in your derived enterprise or application ontology, it needs to make use of disjointness. Without disjointness, the reasoner does not find logic errors.

For documentation and OWL files regarding terms that were deprecated when moving from version 6.7.1 to 7.0, please see the sub-folder called “Deprecated terms from gist6.7.1”.

In addition to using the OWL files locally, you can import these files via URL directly into your ontology editor of choice(Protegé, Topbraid, etc.) The import will take care of the dependencies.

Import URL: http://ontologies.semanticarts.com/o/gistCore7.0.owl.