Icyorezo cya Bubonic
| Bubonic plague | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A bubo on the upper thigh of a person infected with bubonic plague. | |
 | |
| Ishami ry'ubuvuzi | Infectious disease |
| Ibimenyetso | Fever, headaches, vomiting, swollen lymph nodes[1][2] |
| Igihe isanzwe itangira | 1–7 days after exposure[1] |
| Impamvu | Yersinia pestis spread by fleas[1] |
| Uburyo bwo kuyisuzuma | Finding the bacterium in the blood, sputum, or lymph nodes[1] |
| Ubuvuzi | Antibiotics such as streptomycin, gentamicin, or doxycycline[3][4] |
| Inshuro | 650 cases reported a year[1] |
| Abo yahitanye | 10% mortality with treatment[3] 30-90% if untreated[1][3] |
Icyorezo cya Bubonic ni kimwe mu bwoko butatu bw'icyorezo giterwa na bagiteri Yersinia pestis.[1] Nyuma y'umunsi umwe kugeza kuri irindwi uhuye na bagiteri, ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane biragaragara.[1] Ibi bimenyetso birimo umuriro, kuribwa umutwe, no kuruka.[1] Utunyangingo tw’amaraso tubyimba kandi tubabaza tuba ahantu hegereye aho bagiteri yinjiye mu ruhu.[2] Rimwe na rimwe, utunyangingo twa lymph twabyimbye dushobora gucika.[1]
Ubwoko butatu bw'icyorezo ni ingaruka z'inzira yanduriyemo: indwara ya bubonic, indwara ya septicemic, n'indwara ya pneumonical.[1] Indwara ya Bubonic ikwirakwizwa cyane cyane n'udusimba twanduye duturuka ku nyamaswa nto.[1] Bishobora kandi guterwa no guhura n'amazi yo mu mubiri aturuka ku nyamaswa yapfuye yanduye indwara y'ibyorezo.[5] Mu bwoko bwa plague ya bubonic, bagiteri zinjira mu ruhu binyuze mu kurumwa n'udusimba hanyuma zigaca mu miyoboro ya lymphatic zijya mu gace k'imiyoboro ya lymphatic, bigatuma zibyimba.[1] Gusuzuma indwara bikorwa habonetse bagiteri mu maraso, mu mihogo, cyangwa mu mazi ava mu tunyangingo tw’imitsi.[1]
Kwirinda ni ugukoresha ingamba z’ubuzima rusange nko kudafata inyamaswa zapfuye mu turere twakunze kugaragaramo icyorezo.[1] Inkingo ntibyagaragaye ko ari ingirakamaro cyane mu gukumira indwara z'ibyorezo.[1] Antibiyotike nyinshi zifite akamaro mu kuvura, harimo streptomycin, gentamicin, na doxycycline.[3][4] Iyo hatabayeho kuvurwa, indwara y'ibicurane ihitana 30% kugeza 90% by'abanduye.[1][3] Iyo bibayeho, akenshi urupfu rubaho mu minsi icumi.[6] Iyo umuntu avuwe, ibyago byo gupfa ni hafi 10%.[3] Ku isi yose hagati ya 2010 na 2015 hagaragaye abantu 3248 banduye iyi ndwara, ikaba yahitanye abantu 584.[1] Ibihugu bifite umubare munini w’abanduye ni Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, Madagasikari na Peru.[1]
Icyorezo cyateye icyorezo cy’abirabura cyakwirakwiriye muri Aziya, i Burayi na Afurika mu kinyejana cya 14, kikica abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 50.[1][7] Ibi byari hagati ya 25% na 60% by'abaturage b'i Burayi.[1][8] Kubera ko icyorezo cyahitanye abaturage benshi bakoraga, imishahara yariyongereye bitewe n'ibyifuzo by'abakozi.[8] Bamwe mu bahanga mu by'amateka babona ko ibi ari ihinduka rikomeye mu iterambere ry'ubukungu bw'u Burayi.[8] Iyi ndwara kandi ni yo yateye icyorezo cya Justinian cyaturutse mu bwami bw’Abaroma bw’Iburasirazuba mu kinyejana cya 6, ndetse n’icyorezo cya gatatu cyibasira Ubushinwa, Mongoliya, n’Ubuhinde cyaturutse mu Ntara ya Yunnan mu 1855.[9] Ijambo bubonic rikomoka ku ijambo ry'Ikigiriki βουβών, risobanura "igituba".[10] Ijambo " buboes " rikoreshwa kandi mu kuvuga ku tunyangingo tw’imitsi twabyimbye.[11]
Iriburiro
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 World Health Organization (November 2014). "Plague Fact sheet N°267". Archived from the original on 24 April 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
- 1 2 "Plague Symptoms". 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 19 August 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Prentice MB, Rahalison L (April 2007). "Plague". Lancet. 369 (9568): 1196–207. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60566-2. PMID 17416264. S2CID 208790222.
- 1 2 "Plague Resources for Clinicians". 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 21 August 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
- ↑ "Plague Ecology and Transmission". 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 22 August 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
- ↑ Keyes, Daniel C. (2005). Medical response to terrorism : preparedness and clinical practice. Philadelphia [u.a.]: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 74. ISBN 9780781749862. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
- ↑ Haensch S, Bianucci R, Signoli M, Rajerison M, Schultz M, Kacki S, Vermunt M, Weston DA, Hurst D, Achtman M, Carniel E, Bramanti B (2010). "Distinct Clones of Yersinia pestis Caused the Black Death". PLOS Pathogens. 6 (#10): e1001134. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001134. PMC 2951374. PMID 20949072.
- 1 2 3 "Plague History". 13 June 2012. Archived from the original on 21 August 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
- ↑ Cohn SK (2008). "Epidemiology of the Black Death and successive waves of plague". Medical History Supplement. 52 (27): 74–100. doi:10.1017/S0025727300072100. PMC 2630035. PMID 18575083.
- ↑ LeRoux, Neil (2007). Martin Luther As Comforter: Writings on Death Volume 133 of Studies in the History of Christian Traditions. BRILL. p. 247. ISBN 9789004158801. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
- ↑ Edman, Bruce F. Eldridge, John D. (2004). Medical Entomology a Textbook on Public Health and Veterinary Problems Caused by Arthropods (Rev.. ed.). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. p. 390. ISBN 9789400710092. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
