If we want our software to have value, we need to improve it every day, rather than wait three months for the next release. If someone finds a bug and we know how to fix it, we want to deliver the fix that day. The challenge is deploying to production many times a day.
If the developer is coding right now, we want to see their work in production today. However, when you increase the speed of delivery, you need to be sure that the code you deploy works. To increase speed and quality at the same time, you need a safety net and a lot of automation.
Sometimes we need to change the mindset of developers. This affects interactions between the developers and product management. It also changes the way developers code and how they approach their work.
Break It Down
Behavior-driven development (BDD) helps all of my teams. My mature teams use the three stages of BDD: discovery, formulation and automation. To increase speed and quality in a team that isn’t as mature (not much test automation, a lot of manual testing), one of our challenges is to develop small pieces of code they can deliver.
When we groom an item in the backlog, the product owner (PO) explains what’s needed, but sometimes when the developers start working, they find other stories that may take two weeks each. With BDD discovery, the PO and developers can reach a shared understanding of what’s needed before coding starts. If the story is too large, example mapping helps them split it. They need to obtain stories that will take less than three days.
More Ideas, More Examples, More Agile
To simplify collaboration between the engineering and business units, the product team needs to understand the size of the ask for the developer. You can improve communication by showing all the different cases that exist for this feature and by using example mapping.
Here’s an example of how this works in practice: the product team asks for a feature and explains it in about 10 minutes. The developers say this will take two to three weeks. However, after the developers completed user story mapping and example mapping and began to split the big features into smaller stories with examples, they realized it would take much longer. There were simply too many things the product team hadn’t known about.
The product team had lots of ideas, but ideas take time to implement. Now that they had more examples, they could make better decisions about what was mandatory and what would be great but was not essential. Working in this way allows us to be more agile.
The particular aspect of BDD that helps here is discovery with example mapping. I like to use user story mapping to see different versions of the same feature to understand the value brought by the feature’s different potential iterations.
Whenever Possible, Push Live Code
I’ve transformed the way my team works to help them to release more often. The key is to add a continuous integration server with the first automated test and a staging environment where the code is deployed many times per day. This allows us to automate the process from the code, so when a developer pushes the code, we have the beginning of a safety net. When the safety net says everything is okay, deployment is triggered to a staging production environment. The production can be a staging production, but it’s better when it’s live. When it’s not possible to deploy directly in production, then you should at least deploy in a staging environment.
From the developer’s point of view, when they push the code, there’s an impact on production, even if it’s just within a staging production environment. For the next step, they need to create the first unit test each time they have to add code. In other words, every time you write code, you need to have an automated test at the same time. These tests should be run by the continuous integration server.
Once you have that, the next question is about the size of the code you push. If you wait a few days to push or use another branch, you won’t have the value to see the increment of the code you’ll push.
Developers Should Own Quality
Quality has traditionally been the responsibility of the QA team, but it should be owned by the developers. As a developer, you can’t wait for someone else to read your code and tell you it’s okay and then talk to the QA team to make sure you didn’t introduce a bug. If more unit tests are needed, you should write them and you should be using test-driven development (TDD) and BDD. You also need a lot of feedback. You need to be the owner of quality, and help your team achieve it.
To summarize, here are my top three tips:
- Automate the process of deployment with continuous integration/continuous delivery
- Create examples with all the stakeholders of the project together—product, development and testers
- Create small stories that you can deliver in less than three days
