PHP | list() Function - GeeksforGeeks

The list() function is an inbuilt function in PHP which is used to assign array values to multiple variables at a time. This function will only work on numerical arrays. When the array is assigned to multiple values, then the first element in the array is assigned to the first variable, second to the second variable and so on, till the number of variables. The number of variables cannot exceed the length of the numerical array.

Syntax:

list($variable1, $variable2....)

Parameter: It accepts a list of variables separated by spaces. These variables are assigned values. The first variable is mandatory.

Return Value: The function returns the assigned array to the multiple variables passed. It does not assign a value to the $variableM if m>n, where n is the length of the array.

Below programs illustrate the list() function in PHP:

Program 1: Program to demonstrate the use of list() function.

<?php 
// PHP program to demonstrate the use of list() function  
$array = array(1, 2, 3, 4); 
  
// assign array values to variables  
list($a, $b, $c) = $array;  
  
// print all assigned values  
echo "a =", ($a), "\n"; 
echo " b =", ($b), "\n"; 
echo " c =", ($c), "\n";  
  
// perform multiplication of 
// those assigned numbers 
echo "a*b*c =", ($a*$b*$c);  
  
?> 

Output:

 a =1
 b =2
 c =3
a*b*c =6

Program 2: Program to demonstrate the runtime error of list() function.

<?php 
// PHP program to demonstrate the  
// runtime error of list() function  
$array = array(1, 2, 3, 4); 
  
// assign array values to variables  
list($a, $b, $c, $d, $e) = $array;  
  
?> 

Output:

PHP Notice:  Undefined offset: 4 in 
/home/619f1441636b952bbd400f1e9e8e3d0c.php on line 6

Reference:
http://php.net/manual/en/function.list.php

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