Set in Java

  • Set is an interface which extends Collection. It is an unordered collection of objects in which duplicate values cannot be stored.
  • Basically, Set is implemented by HashSet, LinkedHashSet or TreeSet (sorted representation).
  • Set has various methods to add, remove clear, size, etc to enhance the usage of this interface
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// Java code for adding elements in Set
import java.util.*;
public class Set_example
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Set deonstration using HashSet
        Set<String> hash_Set = new HashSet<String>();
        hash_Set.add("Geeks");
        hash_Set.add("For");
        hash_Set.add("Geeks");
        hash_Set.add("Example");
        hash_Set.add("Set");
        System.out.print("Set output without the duplicates");
  
        System.out.println(hash_Set);
  
        // Set deonstration using TreeSet
        System.out.print("Sorted Set after passing into TreeSet");
        Set<String> tree_Set = new TreeSet<String>(hash_Set);
        System.out.println(tree_Set);
    }
}

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(Please note that we have entered a duplicate entity but it is not displayed in the output. Also, we can directly sort the entries by passing the unordered Set in as the parameter of TreeSet).


 

Output:


Set output without the duplicates[Geeks, Example, For, Set]
Sorted Set after passing into TreeSet[Example, For, Geeks, Set]


Note: As we can see the duplicate entry “Geeks” is ignored in the final output, Set interface doesn’t allow duplicate entries.


 

Now we will see some of the basic operations on the Set i.e. Union, Intersection and Difference.


Let’s take an example of two integer Sets:


    

  • [1, 3, 2, 4, 8, 9, 0]
    • 

  • [1, 3, 7, 5, 4, 0, 7, 5]
    • 



Union
In this, we could simply add one Set with other. Since the Set will itself not allow any duplicate entries, we need not take care of the common values.


Expected Output:


Union : [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9]


 

Intersection
We just need to retain the common values from both Sets. 


Expected Output:


Intersection : [0, 1, 3, 4]


 

Difference
We just need to remove all the values of one Set from the other.



Expected Output:


Difference : [2, 8, 9]


 











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// Java code for demonstrating union, intersection and difference 


// on Set 


import java.util.*; 


public class Set_example 


{ 


    public static void main(String args[]) 


    { 


        Set<Integer> a = new HashSet<Integer>(); 


        a.addAll(Arrays.asList(new Integer[] {1, 3, 2, 4, 8, 9, 0})); 


        Set<Integer> b = new HashSet<Integer>(); 


        b.addAll(Arrays.asList(new Integer[] {1, 3, 7, 5, 4, 0, 7, 5})); 


  


        // To find union 


        Set<Integer> union = new HashSet<Integer>(a); 


        union.addAll(b); 


        System.out.print("Union of the two Set"); 


        System.out.println(union); 


  


        // To find intersection 


        Set<Integer> intersection = new HashSet<Integer>(a); 


        intersection.retainAll(b); 


        System.out.print("Intersection of the two Set"); 


        System.out.println(intersection); 


  


        // To find the symmetric difference 


        Set<Integer> difference = new HashSet<Integer>(a); 


        difference.removeAll(b); 


        System.out.print("Difference of the two Set"); 


        System.out.println(difference); 


    } 


} 



















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Output:


Union of the two Set[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9]
Intersection of the two Set[0, 1, 3, 4]
Difference of the two Set[2, 8, 9]




 


This article is contributed by Pranjal Mathur.  If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article and mail your article to contribute@geeksforgeeks.org. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.


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