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H Al:TYNOMIA l:TA XPONIA THl: EIIANAl:TAl:Hl: TOY 1821 H UO'KTJO'TJ'tTJ<; nctuvouiuq U1t~ P~E Ina a1to 'tt<; KUptE<; CPPOV'tiOE<; 'tow E1tavaO''ta'tTJjlEvffiV EAA~VffiV, acpou TJ KPtO'tjlo'tTJ'ta rev O'nYjlcOv E1tEpaAAE, acpEvo<; uKpa E1taYPU1tVTJO'TJKat acpE'tEpoU Ot EAEU9EPffijlEVE<; 1tEptoXE<; E1tPE1tE 01tO)O'0~1t0'tE va Ejlcpavt0'90uv 0''t0 E~ffi'tEPtKO, ffi<; EUVOjlOUjlEVE<;. ME'tu Tsvtxf n<; ViKE<; 'tCoV EAA~VffiV 'to BaA'tE'tO't Kat ern L\oAtaVU, crt)v~A9E LUVEAEUO'TJ nvnnpootonrov rev E1tapXtcOV 'tOU Mopui, O''tTJ Movn KaA'tE/;cOv, TJ onoio O'n<; 26 Mniou 1821 crt)YKPO'tTJO'E ffi<; nvdrturo 1tOAt'tEtaKO opjnvo 'tTJV rrEA01toVVTJO'taK~ Fspoocic, jlE'ta~u rev U1t0XPEcOO'EffiV, 'tTJ<; o1toia<; U1t~P~E Kat TJ CPPov'tioa 'tTJ<; EO'ffi'tEPtK~<; aO'cpuMta<; 'tTJ<; rrEA01tOVV~cou. 0 O''tOXo<; au'to<; E1tEOtcOKE'tO j.J.E'tOU<; rEvtKOU<; Eoopouc, E1ttKEcpaA~<; Eeopou; rev XffiptcOV. 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I'iu 'tT]VUOKT]OT]'tT]C;ao't\lvOlliac; nrcv avaYKaioc; xrn 0 oacp~c; Ka80plollOC; rov «xperov» 'tT]C;.Inc; 16-5-1823, 'to Y noupyelo 'tT]C; crovouiu; \l1tEpaAe o'to A EK'teAeo'tlKo I:rolla xm exsivo ue 'tTl cretpU rou (20-5-1823) oro BO\lA£\lnKO «crxeolov 1tepi rev ucrovouucev xperov», Yla e1te~epyaoia xnt emKupro0"11. Ot eKp\l8)l£C; OIJ.O)C; 1teplO"'tuoetC; (1tOAl'tlKec; avrollaAWC;, K.U.) Sev e1te'tpe'l'av va 1teplpAT]8el VOlllK~ lOXU. IlapoAa a\l'tu, 'to xsiuevo ro» cx,ceio\l sivct apKe'tu U1toKaA\l1tttKO yta nc; a1tal't~oelC; ron ucruvouucou cPYO\l xm \l1tUPXO\lV eVOel~elC;, on roc; Eva pa81lo e'te8T] ce ecpaplloy~. ~T]llav'tlK~ d val T] 1tapuypacpoc; eKeivT], T] onotn Ka80ptset 1troc;0 «[eVlKO; Ao't\lVOIl0C;» OcpeiAet «va olopioT] O\lIlCProvroC;le'tu ron E1tupxo\l Ao't\lVOIlO\lC; etC; 'tac; Kroll01tOAelC; I xut emo'tu'tec; ccruvourxoo; elC; 'ta xropia, olnva; xperomou\, va ouvsvvoouvtm )l£'tu ron I'svucou Acruvouou, omvousvot 1tpo8\l1l0l ouvspvoi elC; 'tac; ola'tayuc; 'trov ... », AKPlP~ ElKova rev \l1tOxperooerov trov Fevmov Acruvouev, ce Illa lOlai'tepa xpioum nspiooo, oioel 'to Eyypacpo (ap. 2233 'tT]C;24-9-1825), us 'ti'tAO «Ilpooroptvc Ka8~Kov'ta trov Fevucov Aoruvourov», 1tO\l \l1toypucpel 0 Y1tO\lPYOC;'tT]C;Acruvouim; ~T]Il~'tplOC; ~EouUac;, 0 onotoc olOpioOT]Ke onc; 10-3-1825, llE'tu 'to 8uva'tO rou ~lKaio\l. Me'ta~u a\l'trov OlaAaIlPuvc'tal Ott 0 I'evtxo; AO't\lVOIl0C; 0CPelAel: «Bov, Na e1taYP\l1tvei ue 'tT]V 1tpO~KO\lOaV aKpipetav, OlU 'tT]V e\l'ta~iav Kal euvouicv 'tT]C;e1tapxiac; xut OlU 'tT]V aocpuAetav 'tT]C;sro~c;, 'tT]C;'tl1l~C; Kal 'tT]C;lOlOK'tT]oiac; eKuo'tO\l 1tOAl'tO\l. Fov. Na PasT] ElC;eVEpyelav 'tac; ola'tayuc; 'tT]C; lOlK~oeroc; xnt tov Yxoupysicrv xut vn EK'teAd Ka8' OOOVaV~Ket su; 'toy ~ KAUOOVroorov, 'tac; a1tocpuoelC; rrov xpnnpiov, ~ov. Na pusel elC;1tPU~lV 'tac; H Encvricruon 'LOU 1821 23 vouiuou; 1tpOcrKA.~crEl<; '!COVAcruvouuov 't1']<; Emxpcrsiccxm oruv A.al!~aVEl xpEiav va 1tpocrKaA.Ei Kal au'to<; au'ta<;. Eov. Na E1001t01Ei 'taKnKcO<; 'to Ynoupjslov 't1']<; Acruvouicc rn Ota'tpExov'ta El<; rnv E1tapxiav, 't1']V EU1tEi9Elav ~ a1tEi9EtaV 'tOU A.aOU, El<; 'ta<; Ota'taya<; 't1']<;L\lOlK~crEo)<; xut Ka9E aA.A.o uoopov rn EA.A.1']V1Ka1tpaYl!a'ta. I:Tov. Na 1tpocr1ta9~ oeov Mva'tal El<; rnv EKpi~O)crt v rov lpa'tplcOv, rev onoiov ru a1tO'tElJ:crl!a'ta d vat 1tav'tO'LE unsuxtuiu, vu auprrrnpst noiot rev xctoixov 1tapEK'tpE1tOv'tal rov XPEcOVrrov Kat ~1']'touv va crX1']l!a'ti~ouv q>a'tpia<; Kat va aVuAUeT}O'ctV Ken tOU VOIlOU um:pUO'1'daEroc;0 TtOAI1:11e; eivm YUIlVOC;. Kill ]lOVOV T] rou Aaa\) UVf:;6.vtAlJ101; unouovn [lVE(n:ELA.E TIlv rnl. 1:0 ;(ElPOV m;:OIl11 KtltuCflOP6.v HOV npaYJlatcow (t. KuTtooiO'tpla, Eniaioloi. 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U OT]JlaVnKt~ £1mpxt&,;,~hop[cre11l(av 6.WLKTl't&<,;, 0'101)':'; 01tOLOU; aVattGT]K£ Kat Tl &u9u;\'Tl tT]C;; A(ffi)voj.ll.a.:,;. Ot Oll).LOytPOV'tEC; 111<,;en:apxiac;, ({EVOUJlSVN JlE "tOV 'EKtUKtOV EnllpOTtOV»,£.K,A.EyOUV tTlVI(E1ta.px,tnKi] On].loYEpoVti£ll). LlOUC; TU.Io)'E:po vtE'<';. aVEtsBllaav n:liOVKQ\ xo9i)KOVtU UYElOvCjlla£ Kfll aypovoJ.LiaC;. o Em ME rnv 1749 allo 16.4. 1828 CYKUKALO ron, 1tpo<,; roix T~nl1ara tTl<'; EUaoob EK10:KtOU,C;; Emtpo1tou<,; In<,; (o::cmi to. ol:arpopa K1)~EpVtlO'e,((}<';)I. 0 H EnuvuO"tucrT] tou 1821 25 Ka7t08icr'tPta~ EV'tEAAE'tal IlE'ta~u aAArov Kat rc E~~~: «00v. H Acrovouio sivut E7ticrll~, EVa a7to 'ta XPElro8ll El~ 'tOU~ 7tOA1S0!1EVOU~ 't07tOU~ Kat crXEcrEl~ EXOV'ta~ IlE'ta rev ~EVroVEflvrov. 01 'Extnxrot E7tl'tP07tOl flEAOUVEvacrxoAllflEi E7tO!1EVro~,El~ 'tOU'tO 'to aV'tlKEiIlEVOV, El'tE at;. nOArrapxia.&tv; \iml~& to Kar' E~OXitV amuvoJ.llICO 0601"111-'(]. (no. XPOVlQ tOU KG1tooiorpla. gnU.Oli 0 9£0"1l6~ tau nOA.rtaPXl1 oev ~tav 6:yvwcrr6~ O't11v En:avacr to:tlll1&V11; EAl6.Oa. Y mi PIEox,E06v O'E 1(6.9s fto').. T]. us KU\' Kn8ipwvta av6J.oya. f.1EE'l(sivu tOU ¢>pol)papxol.) (ttO'tUVOj.l.£U011 OLEPXOjJEVCilV ~ mpa:teuflO:tWV, 0lll-l0cnat:; l(.A.-n.) Tut)'t'o:xpova (ArcpiA1os 1828) 0. Karco6implO.t:; mota rnv qmtocoCfT] rT}C; amp6.A&W;~au1J(pOt11(J'e f.1lU fl£V'toKoo·l.apx{a.., ~t.Opa. TO i\pyot:; Kat uno lOY 'l'lt}..Q ({EK:'tEAe(TtlK-q h.6vUlll<; nEAOltovv-i,(JOI))), 11 Suvaj.1Tj rll~ o1tota~ -aPXlI:;'I'E4O'TtKli~ Sl)VQfITJ<; nEAOnOVOvvTJoo<; K01ImiptT]i;. KaL Jltpaaa tTlv EKt'EAe:.O'1:II\~ MvuJ.lTl 1(' SYOOql6pvOJyupa lOO'; VOj.lOIX;. Kur a1:u8",o.;; flot) dVUl w; I\pyot:;. TIlVE1UppO~ trov uv8pw1tOOV 0 K I) 13£ pv~ 1''1;. 'Hrn v Iln:E~Eplallivot 6Am on:6 111v a Ka'tQa-rua ia. ... ln~ 0 Eom. n~pE Eixoc, E~l J.lTJVE(j bcaflu a' oU1:I::[vll mv 'li.l1POOtllv .. 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Kat rov xrn Al~avta. xceeveirov, Ka1tT]AetroV, AEerxffiv Kat K.A1t. - EU1tPE1tEta oorov, pou 1to'ta~ffiv, KaeaplO'tT]'ta 1tOAErov, uopayroYElrov, - Acruvouiu 'trov oucodourov. - I1pOAT]1tnKa ~'tpa Ka'ta tmv 1tupKai:ffiv. ttov EYKa'taAEAEl~~Evrov apxffiv. pEpairoerT], - H E1tler'taeria PpEepffiv. rmv epuAaKffiv Kat T] ~Epl~va rev OlOlKT]nKffiv - H EK'tEAEerT]rov ola'tayffiv Kat OlKaernKffiv (E~lxviaerT], -TEAO~ T] aerKT]erT] 'tT]~ OlKaernK~~ 1tapa1tO~1t~ EyKAT]~a'trov). ucruvouiuq :E'ta Kae~Kov'ta 'tT]~ OlKaern~~ ucruvoutcc, uvmpspsrm E1tiO"T]~ xrn 0 ~lKaer'tT]pirov» roo 1830 (KEep. 1', nnp. 143 - 147). TEAO~ AE1t'tO~Pet~ OOTJYiE~ ~E 'tirAO «Kae~Kov'ta rou Aoruvouou ro~ 1tpO~ 'tT]V erXEerlv rou ~E 'tT]V EYKAT]~anK~v Sucoioouvnv» (}\)1l1tEplEA~epeT]erav crnv EKOOerT]'tT]~ «EYKAT]llanK~~ ~taOlKacria9) (Aivivo. 1829). Ilpoxcrrm Yla tva lOlaltEpa EVOtaepEPOV EYXElpiolO, 'to onoio xtvsinn IlEtaC,t) OIKOVO~lKffiv oOTJYlffiv Kat aer'tuvO~lK~~ 1tpaKnK~~. «Opjuviouoq 28 H bi''tuctTl T11~. 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E1tlcrT}<;; napo:tTIPEltnl. en O'la ap;(uca VOJ.lOeETij~.lIlta 8£: yiVElat Airyo~ Tt£pi a:pxrov Xfl)POpr~~Borvi- 10' a\(ov~ - XropOq)l)A.Ul(~ 39 exoc, u1to'taYf.la'to.PXT]e; ton 'talcnlCOU, xm rEropyl0e; KA.Ero1tae;, A.oxayoe; ron 1tUPO!k>A.llCOU. A' 'to.~T]e;01: Mlxa~A. rpipae;, AT]f.l~'tpl0e; T~~voe;, lroo.vvT]e; A9avaoiou, rEropytOe; Mavul'tT]~, POPEp1:0e; BpovllCoPmcT]e;, rEropyl0e; I1aA.clmcac; lCat Mlxa~A. MoO''tpae;, OA.01a~lrof.la'tllCoi tou 'ta1C'tllCOUlCat rorv 1tproTlVa'to.lC'trov. Fo UCJT]e; rEropYlOe; I1E'tO'aAT]e;, lroo.vvT]e; Ko't~iO''tae;, BaoiA.ttoe; , - Y1t0f.l0ipapx01 - Y1tof.loipaPlO1 B' 'tcl~T]e;: N. IlE pEnt , N. Po PEp1:0e;, N. TO'aA.alCroq'tae;, BaO'iA.El0e; Apayrov, lroQwT]e; IoA.rof.loviST]e;, Krov/voe; AT]f.lalC01tOUA.Oe;, ok o.VVT]e;rouO'T]e;, Ej.lf.lavou~A. IUVE'tcllCT]e;, N.KpolCiSae;, lroclVVT]e;EuO''ta9iou, 0payximcoe; Bap~iA.T]e;, Xp~O''toe; 0a'taouA.ae;, NllCOA.aoe; 01A.apE'tOe; xm lroclvvT]e; ME~T]e;, OA.01 a~lrof.lanlCOi rou 'talC'tllCOU lCal tmv 1tproT]v a'tcllC'trov. - Ka'taA.uj.la'tiae;: rEropyl0e; Ila1taM1touA.oc;. ME 'to Alo.'taYj.la 'tT]e; 26.6/8.7.1833, Eywav 01 't01t09E't~O'E1e; rev avro'tEpro a;lroj.la'tllCrov O''tle; 10 Moips; (M01papXiee;): ApyoA.iSoe; xm Koplveiae; (NaU1tA.l0v), Axaiae; lCal Hitiae; (Ilerpn), MEO'O'T]viae; (AplCaSlcl, ST]A.. Kunopicclu), AplCaSiae; (Tp\1tOA.l'tO'o.), AalCroviae; (MuO''tpcle;), A't'tllC~e; xm BOlro'tiae; (A91lvat), Eu!k>iae; (XaA.Kic;) , KudaSrov (EPf.lOU1tOA.l~), AlCapvaviae; lCat AltroAiae; (Bpaxropl, ST]A.. Aypivl0) lCal 4>rolCiSoe; lCal AOlCpiSoe; (IaA.rova, ST]A.. l\f.ltAoSo~ie~, T] 1ttlCpie~ ano 'tTJ OtaAUO'T)rev CttaKt(()V !C.a. 1oyot OTJI.l.tOUPYTJcrav 1tp6mcatp'l'! u1tp09u~ia 1tPO~ lWtata~ll. «Ttn va. OcOO'OUj.Le IlsyaMtepo Y0'!ltpO I1tl1 X(()poq)UA.aJC~», ypaopei 0 MaKpuyulVVT(~: «Atopt~auv 'tOY fKpaA.A.tllPTJ rov fuA.A.o Kat IlE otopil;ouv xt e~va et~ t11V oOTJytav tOU Kat va ~aA.(()tn crsvc, ocre et~ rnv oOTJyiav rou ll1tatv(J) tOU~ dna, outs rn q>opellatll 1l0U ~ya~(() ... ». TEA.m);, T] (1tpatoA.oyia 0A.01cA.TJpW9TJKe at U1tEpKaA.ucp9TJKE11 apxtKTj, K EO''1:ro aVE1tapKij~, opyaVtK~ ouvaj.LTJ, WO'te O'tO ti:A.O~ tOU 1835 'to LWjla Kat £tXE 1.327 aVOPe~ Kat 164 i1t1tou~. Ta 1tpO~A.ijllata OIl{J)~O'tpatoA.oyta~ O,eV EA.St\jiaV, ).1£ Il1tOtEA.EO'lla rnv ajJ.~A.UVO'TJJ.E tOY xmpo, tCO\, anat'toullEV{J)V j npooovnov yta Katnta~TJ (ypallJ.l.att1ct~ YVWO'Et~, IlEtacpopa KATJP(()tIDV, K.A..1t.). LtTJV ApXTJyta tOU LWllatO~ OeV1tpOe~t~Il~OvtO, 1tapa 1l0VOV Moipcpym Tj uverepot a~trojJ.anKoi rtov taKttKcOV O'tpatEuJ,Ult{J)v. L'tO ~ae~o roo Motpripgou, npodyovmv J.10VOV Y1t0lloipapxot. MaA.lO''ta «XTJPEUOUO'WV OUO 9EO'E{J)V,TJ IlEV a1tOVE~tat Et~ tOY OtilnpE\jiaVta 1tEptO'O'OtepOV KatV EtC; ta 1rEP1A.aifl!a, tov oui to atpCl'[EUpa tl1C; ypaj.lpT1C; YEVlKroC; KEKOVOVlcrj.lEVOV '[tnrov}). ttl.a. "Qta. x~apaKtTJ P1CJT1KO 'f'11C; G't.OA~C; tTlS XropOC:Pll;l"IIK~C;, llmlP~aV ot 0>J.lO~EAOvi3EC; (afJ£P'lI1(:mXclAta), tlC; O1toiE;C; Ef,OEpaV E1tiO't1S ot unllO'1tuJttc; rou paO'tAul leat oi aSlOOllatu:o( tOu1:wflatoC; rmv E1tttEAcOv. MEta 01t6 O'Etpa DaO'll(6 Ka90pid9TJKE Yla t'l'] XOlpoq)\)~a1(~ va la)J.llvorov O'tT)v u1t1')ptcria tau KapoAou E', Elat; xfu]crav 11.1[6to A6\Jao~i I(a xm crtll fktcnAtKT) aUA~ Kat aru:VEJ.l e1') onv ~ O"tll. Marechaussee, 1tPOOPOflO tTlc; rnUlKTj~ X(j)PO(j)UAQK'~C;. I.J£tll~oArov, H O'tOA~ 'l'POTt01[Ol'f)9'1']KE KOta KOtPo\)~. a.KoAO\)900vta~ ttC; l..l£'tapoAt~tTI~ mOA tl~nov Lmj.l.Q.t(OVtOi) crrpa1EUj.l.ntOO;;, IJE to 8.1 troy 17,7. 1852, 17,9.1852, 10.2. '1864, B.J. 1867, 14.5. 1868, 11:.6.. 42 H Aotuvouin crtT]v m...MiBa j.I.E O'lOTJpUVAa~ioa EV0'l8TJpa ~KTJ» J.1E AtOKO ~IDO't~pa xm 000 mO'tOAt~ xm 01 1tEsoi (El 0 Maurer, «E~01tAi0"9TJKE J.LE «H EAacppa ooAa, 1t00 1tapExropTJO"EJ.1E !lE'YaATJ1tp090llia TJraAA1K~ KOPEPVTJO'TJ, O"Etlll~ spyooruoiou ... Ta tOocpEKla aOta ~O"av XIDpi~ ~lcpoA6nE~, E1tE10~ 01 'EAATJVE~avtl1ta900v 'YEvlKa rnv ~lcpoA6nTJ, ytati tTJ PAt1tOOV onv lleO"o Kata1tiECTTl~. Msou OJlID~ O"tl~ tEo"o"EPE~ 1tpffitE~ POOllaOE~, aAA~aV 'YvffiJlTJ xut 1l0VOl tOO~ s~tTJO"av vn Il1tOOV 01 ~lcpoA6YXE~». Ap'YotEpa, 'Yla tTJ XIDpocpOAaK~ XPTJo"lIl01t0l~9TJKaV ppaxoKavva KopiID~ tocpEKla, taO"O"E1tID, AEIl1tEA Kal rKpa. EK1tai&vtn1;: H 1l0vaolK~ 1tPOPAE"'TJ 'Yla tTJV EK1taioEoO"TJavacpepEtO O"tOO~XIDpocpoAaKE~, 01 01tOiOl OE 'YvroptSav 'Ypacp~ Kal avaYVIDO"TJ. Ito 20 tll~lla tIDV «lJpOo"IDPl VIDV OP10"J.LIDv»,1t00 O"OVOOEOEov Kavoviouo Y 1tTJ EO"i~ tOO t p trollatO~, Ka90pilj:to on: «01 MoipapXOl Kal AOl1toi a~lIDllatlKOi XPECJ)O'tOOV E1ta'YP01tVOOV, oO"tEEl~ ta~ EVIDIlOt{~ 01 XIDpocpOAaKE~, 01 01tOiOl va r OEV TJ~EOPO\)Vva 'YpacpOOVKal va ava'Y1Vc.OO'K00VaPKEta KaM, Ka9c.O~ Kal &KEiV01;, oinvsc Eival aKOIlTJ El~ O"taO"lv va lla900v, va OlMO'KIDVtal avaA6'YID~ J.1E ta~ O"XEo"El~tTJ~ OOTJ Em~ tIDV, XIDpi~ OIlID~ va 81aK01ttEtal p TJEKteAt01.~ tIDV XPEIDVtoo~ ... ». H 1tprotTJ 1tpoO"1ta9Ela op'YavID~VTJ~ EK1ta{OEOO'TJ~VEA~cp9TJto 1842, 1tATJV a oJlffi~ OEVEilE O1.>VeXEta.E1tp6KEltO 'Yla tTJV AVIDtEpa IXOA~ EVIDIlOtapxrov, 1t00 10p69ljKE IlE a1toq>aOiJ tOO Y1t0\)P'Y06 tIDV ItpanIDtlKIDV, Yla rnv EK1taioEoO"TJtIDV EVIDIlOtapXIDv A' ta~TJ~, 1tPOKElIlEVOOva KaAocp906v KEVE~ 9Eo"El~ Y1t0llolpapXIDv I" ta~TJ~. To O"xoAtio aoto AEltOOP'YTJO"E "tTJVA~va. O 01t0 tTJ oloilCTJO"TJOO Y1t0IlOlpapxoo BaO"tAEioo L\pa'YIDVO~Kat EK1taioEOO"E t 000 o"E1PE~EVIDllotapxc.Ov, 20 0"0VOA.1KaUVOpE~. H E1t0IlEVTJ 1tPOO"1tU9Ela &K1taiOEOOTJ;~tOO KatIDtepOo 1tPOO"ID1ttKOOaVEAt;\)Aa1dt~», to onoio ollro~ 1tapE!lElvE O"XEOOV aVEKtEAtO'tO. To 1859 ue to BL\ tTJ~ 18-6, «Ilspi OpyavlO"Il00 tOO IroJlato~ tTJ~ XIDpoq>oAaK~~» 1tpOE~Aecp9TJ Otl «TJ EK1taioEOo"l~ tIDV EVIDIlOtapXIDV Kat" XIDpol1t1tOlXIDpOcpOAaKE~ 1tpO~ EcpEpaV (UA.aKE~ ». IlapaUTJA.a ... I1E 'to BA 14-8-1861, Ka80picrf)TJKE TJ q>ohTJO'TJ'tOlV ~lIDl1a'tlKcOV rou l:cOJUl'to~ El~ 'to «EV A8tlval~ 0'U0''ta8Ev KEV'tPlKOV :ExoA.Eiov ASlIDJUl'tlKcOV». A'tuXcO~ OI1ID~,TJE1tavaO''taO'TJ 'tTJ~ IO-lO-1862 OEVE1tE'tpE'I'E rnv EUO&oO;'TJ'tIDV1tpOO'1ta8ElcOVau'tcOv Kal E'tO'l ~XPl 'to 1906 OEV tYlVE Kal1ia a1t61tElpa Yla 'tTJV EK1taioEUO'TJ rou 1tPOO'C01tlKOU. Opyavwmdr; ".A.n. j.un:apoAtr; Ar.o rnv iopuOTJ rou l:cOl1a'to~, J.iXPl Kal rou 1906, t'tou~ O"ta8110u Yla 'ta aO''tuvOI.1lKa 1tpaYl1a'ta 'tTJ~ XcOpa~; I1EO'OA.apTJO'avolaq>opE~ opyavID'tld~ K.a. l1E'ta~OA.E~, Ol onoisc, av xm OE I1E'tE~aA.aV OUO'lIDOcO~ xapaK'ttlpa 'tOU, 'to EV'tO~'tOl~ EiXav O'UVE1tElE~O'TJl1aV'tlKt~ O''tTJVOA.TJrou xopelu. Ta xuptditspu v0I108E't~l1a'ta, 1tOUE1tTJPEaO'av rnv EStA.lSTJ'tTJ~XIDpOq>UA.aK~~'to IS' alCova, tlO'av 'to a1to 18-6-1859 Ala'taYlia «Ilspi OpyavlO'liou rou :EcOl1a'to~ 'tTJ~ XIDpoq>UA.aKtl~», 0 NOl1o~ OAR' rou 1880 <UA.aK~9) Kal 'tEA.O~0 NOl1o~ rAA' rou 1904 «Ilepi OpyavlO'liou rou :E'tpa'tou». To 1839 TJ1tEPlq>tpEla 'tTJ~ MOlpapxia~ A't'tlK~~ Kal BOlID'tia~ Ka'tEVEI1~8TJ O'E 060 MOlpapxiE~, EKEiVll 'tTJ~ IlpID'tEuouOTJ~ xm EKEiVTJ'tTJ~ A't'tlKO~OlID'tia~, I1E topa 'tTJ AEl~aola. Erm Ol MOlpapxiE~ (MOipE~) XIDpOq)UA.aKtl~ avtlA.8av O'E 11. To 1865 J.1E 'tTJVEVO'IDI1U'tIDOTJ Iovlov N~O'IDV,lOpu8TJKaV 4 'tIDV aKollTJ MOlpapxiE~, O''tTJv Kspxupu, 'tTJ AEuKaoa, rnv KEq>aA.A.OVla Kal 'tTJ ZU.Kuv80. H O'Uyx.cOVEUO'TJ OJ1ID~'tIDVMOlpapxlcOv A 't'tlK~~ xm Bouotiuc Kal TJ Ka'tapYTJO'TJ 'tTJ~ MOlpapxia~ AEuKaoa~, TJ onote U1tE~l~a0'8TJ O'E Y 1t0110lpapxia, Olal10pEpEla 'tTJ~ MOlpapxia~ AaKIDv(a~ Ka'tEVEl1tl8TJ or«; MOlpapxiE~ AaKEOail1ovo~ Kal AaKIDVllc~~), Tplq>uA.ia~, HA.Eia~, MaYVTJcria~, KapoitO'a~, upx_u.£ t;:~tO'cOEI71KE ill: l\o'X,fJ:Yo A' ta~il<;, E;Vro 0 A vr L~o(P{tPXO~IlE; AOXCL)'O S' '{u.~T'!i;. K[J;tap'Yfj0Tj I(f; mi01l;;J I((U 11 oirh;:plO'n Of.: 't'.i.~E'>; TeO\! E\.",OlJ.otapJ:.wv ,cat oi EVO)lloTOPX.ec; '9' Tn~llC;, OVo!,.ulaHllKov Y 1tf. veuorup ;(t;;~. 1-1 0, lnK'Olll1j ttuv EVU'lf.1,Ot!lPX ffiv a~ t a.~bu:;E1ta /lOE apy6't'epa, xmpi<; 61l~ va K(Jtap'Yl1i:ld 0 ~ael!6C; tOU Y m:,vOljlOtapXll. Ot 5lUlrpiO'El~ C1E. nov XWPOCPOA.UKWV ['lI6~ffivmt l1()'I;E(oV) oUlt'rIPl)Orl",av. \I" m;w; El\'tOl]C;, 11 OUWj.l.T] rou !:WIlU't0t; IlQ~Ollolroal1KE flPiCETi~ tpops~, .[l:lWAOU~ a(Ovta~ n; a \!'t'lO'fOLXfS 1lE'[IlPOAtl) rQU mpaTI':1Jt.J,{l roc. A v Iral '~ 't''£A\1\11 tllUT] 'ITj; E~t).,l~ T]C; 't'lir:; 0 p1aVll(~C; 1h)vCl.jl11 <; TrW v IllcrflT}'l'O: llVobu(Tt. ,;::vt'oDtmCj oi CJle:!lKCC; anorpacr£tC; AClflllavovtavJ xmpic; OOPC1p~ E1(tl~'lol1 trov 1tPOP1.fJl.ui'lIAT]9lJo1-10t:.('n"~~ ll'Y£l.Jia£, ajlu,rtUSs avr1.YK:E'S fTjC;. x.cllpo.,~. MaAt.O'ta, 1toJJi~ (pops'r; \lv'[t~ OIa.I:J~OlloLciJ(jet~ ftta.v 1'ocro eVl'OVE<;, mrrt£ Or"..LLOupyro:rav OTlIlUVtl)(([, 7tpoj:l).rUH.l:ra, 6rrffi~ EICElV'r'! rou 1904, orav 11 01tA.LtL MVUj.111 j!!::unOl1lCE ICUt:n. 50%. E tm 1tClnaf'11 p QUilt tt( v f.~n.;: f~SA1~'l1t11S 1tpo~M.n:6llEVl]S apt91lT]tuois ovva!-lT!~ rou ].:W!-lu'[o<; !-leoa oro lEI' alto,va ('t'(f 'It? 1l0uO'j.I \.U1(<< o'('oL:t&ia.; d.-vo. t 0'):'; &'t tKDAaxTJ, )'U1 (f\)j.!.'![A~p(j)(j1'1 nv;Br]'CelQt;" '(0\.10:;. 'Etat to 1892 t1tt 3.276 XmpoqllJAlt1(OlV Ot 2.824 1lO'uv o"r.pato;tWpoq)l)AClKt.;. ell Et'ov TOIl€1l (l"t pa'tot..oytac;. rorv Y no:~llJlllCltlKcl:iv i.-r rvav 11;0),6 GEt! to. p~1-1-0rc, SE v ncru.voj.u:oS Llmva. \Ill nvn ppottf,001.JV n~cruvt:1t£\.&I; tooV litTct.tit.~EroV (l1t(Y to' Ltpa.t&Uj.;!(l. LU'rKSOl":p.(lf;t"f.1;; lil: tov pa8IJ.ov tot) £VCOJ10TUrXUIJ 8' ta~€m<; K(H Ot SXQv'ti:~ Ol1ti-OOtll!.lhB.jxfopor, .~ tt:poAil"tot.! jJ£ rov pl!e~ov rou Evm.uor,a.PXou A' la~E(i)r;. 0 tlptai:J.~ !UlV0Urm :K:lltOtacrO"0Il£v(l)Y OE\, ouvarat vn U1(£P~~ 'to 7t{j)~: (~OlbEU1CV0f:1:f.[':; X1'JPF.U01ltfWI! eta£(t)v, aver ~ne[lbw. H 5uita~TJ allt~, TI O'Iwicr. utO'fkt~eTIl(f.Kill fl£ '1:0 6'pGpo 14 rou Nouou AAZ tOO 1882, OD'JEtEA.sO'E ~PlO'O 'tON lCa60p~(J'nl(c.i LW!.HITO<,; TI~ 1.11 IV a Va.UQGllt!J1! rTJ<;11:010,(1 n·; ITtaHIl n<; nov alle)tQ!popmv K t:1t6j1£Vt<; 6£_'Ka6tiE:~. tau 46 H Aorovouiu ornv EA.A.aSa o avaj.1oPTtO'E1 Xropi<; J.l.Eta~OATt to aO'tUV0j.11KO tTJ<; ouemuo, to oxoio KaOE aAAO, 1tapa tEA.eO'q>OpOTttav. E1tEoiro~E tTJ J.l.Eta~oATt J.I.E Noj.10 BEe' tOU 1892, to aAAa TJ KU~EPVTJt1KTt j.1Eta~oATt 1tOU E1taKOAOUOTJCJE OEV E1t£tpe'l'E tTJV Eq>apj.1oYTt roo. To 1893, E1taVTtA.9E O'tTJV KU~PVTJO'TJ Kat J.1E to Nouo mPH'tou 1893, J.1EtEPaAEP1~lKa, a1to 1-1-1894, to aO'tUV0j.11KOO'uO'tTJJ1atTJ<; xropa<;. KatTtPYTJO'E tTJ aTJJ10nKTt Aorovouic, J1EtappU0J110'E tTJ a101KTJnKTt Aorovoutu A9Ttva<; Ka1 llE1paul Ka1 Eq>TtPJ100EMo 9EO'J10U<; O'tUVOj.1EUO'TJ<; a 'tTJ<;U1tOA011tTJ<; xropa<;. I:tou<; aTt j.10U<;eopE<; voudiv Tt 1tATJ9uO'j.1oU,avro troy 5.000 TJOO'tUVOJ1EUO'TJ aVate9TJKE O'E~lroJ1anKou<; tOU l:tpatEUJ1atO<; Kat tTJ<; XropouAaKit. H uorovoueeouou MvaJ1TJ Xropoq>uAaKTt<;, O'tTJ OEUtEPTJ 1tEpimroO'TJ, OOTtYEtO «E1<; ta<; Otataya<; tOU 01KelOU 0101KTJtOU 'tTJ<;MOlpapxia<;, 0O't1<; 0J1(J)<;ouoEJ1iav J.l.EtOXTtv (eiXE), E1<;ta tTJ<; t01t1KTt<; corovoutc;». IlupcrnpouJ.I.E, on EVro TJ Xropoq>uAaKTt aVaAaJ1~aVe1 tTJV aO'lCTJO'TJTJ<; t01t1KTt<; t aO'tuvoj.1{a<; 0't0 J.l.EyaAUtEpO J.1Epo<;tTJ<; xropa<;, EVtOUtOl<; 1tapaJ.1EVE1 TJ 01l1KP10'TJ ro<; npoc rc Ka9TtKOVta troy EVVOlroV «'Xropoq>utaKTt» Ka1 «cerovoule», 01aKP10'TJ TJ oxoin a1tavratat, rooo Kata 'tTJ J.l.Eta~OATt tOU 1906,00'0 Ka1 orov OpyaV\O'j.1o tOU I:IDj.1ato<; to 1918. To epyo rov EWtlaror;. To epyo tOU I:roj.1ato<;, Kata tTJV £~EtaCOJ.I.EVTJ tEpiooo (1833 - 1906), sivm 1 01q>UE<;,OTJAa&Tt; exsivo 1tOU U1t0PPEE1 a1to tOY lopunK6 V0J10 Kat tOV KaVOV10'j.10 Y1tTJPEO'ia<; Kat avaq>EpEta1 O'tTJV EJ11t£oroO'TJtTJ<; OTJJ100'1a<; aO'q>aA.e1a<;, 'tTJV E~aO'!jlaA1CJ11 O tTJ<;£q>apJ1oyTt<;troy VOJ1COV, O'tTJV,oooO'tTtP11;TJ troy 0101KTJTIKcOVap'XcOv Ka1 crnv aO'lCTJO'TJTJ<; orpcrovouicc, t aAAa Ka1 exstvo 1tOU OEV aVUYEta1 O'tU Ka911Kovta tOU IroJ1ato<;, aAA.a U1tayopEUEtat a1tO to UIJITJAOai0'9TJfla EUeUVTJ<;roy avoprov, a1tEvavr1 O'tTJV 1tatpioa Ka1 t Evto1tiCEta1 O'tTJ O'UJ.1J.1Eto'XTt tTJ<;XropOq>UAaKTt<; O'tOU<;E9v1KOU<;ayrovE<;. To epyo tTJ<;XroP0(j)UAaKTt<; Kata tTJV 09roV1KTt nspiodo, OOTtp1;El~taitEpa OUO'KOAo, ere 1tAaima j.11a<;YEV1KOtEPTJ<;OUO'XEPE1a<;O'tT)V opyavcoO'TJ Kat A.e1toupyia tOU Kpatou<;. H E1t1~OATttTJ<;ta1;TJ<;O'Eeva Aao, 1tOU ~plCn:OtaV O'E 01apKTt avatapaXTt, avnoprovta<; O'tTJV 1tapayvrop1O'TJ rev 9umoov tOU otov a1tEAeu9EprotLKO ayoova, O'tTJV KatapYTJO'TJ 'tTJ<;K01vOnKTt<; AE1tOupyia<;, O'tTJV OlKOV0j.11KTtKaXE1;ia Kat O'tTJVEYKataO'taO'TJ j.11a<; 1OiKTJO'TJ<;, pt yj.1tVTJ<;O'E 0 O'tTJ ~Eva 1tpo<; tTJ voorpordu tOU 1tp6n)1ta, Tttav Ka9TtKOV 1tOU a1taltOuO'E 10' atcOvac; - Xropo(j)\)).alC.~ 47 O'TJ~avnK&C; 9uO'i&C;. Ka:tco Il1tO nc; O'UV9~1C&C; ut£c;, 1tOA.D-i'p~yopa &KOTJA.cOa; eTJKav 0~a01KEC; IlA.M xnt Il'WJ.11KEe;V, O"taO'tCOV Kal £1tavIlO''taO'&COV; Kat j.10Vlj.11l J.1& 'tTJ O"tpollnK~ Kill avsoaq)1K~ O'S opieusvc 'tTJe; O"TJJ.l&ia; v0j.109f.O'ia, TJ OTl).110uPyia IUIle; OUO'KiVT}'tTJC;,avano't£A.SO"j.1at1K~C; xm srspOKA.TJ'tTJC; 1toA.uapxiae; Y1a 'tTJ oiCO~TJ'tCOVA.TJO''tcOv(OpOq>uA.IlK~, EeVO-; ~EV(l1lPO~ tTjv aT[mrtOA~ tOU, 'Etm to 1887 (lvE't£811 OT'l XwpoqmAlllCit 11 lPl>Aa~11 KQ ~ O"UIJ'!l)Pll0'1 'tIDV 'ITl.M:'Ypacpu::ciw ),PIlI-LI100V (N6J!o~ A~Ae'), EVro to 1892 tTI~ (lVEtten n i5whcnO'11 'Kat fj ootU\lOjlEuCfTj ttDV So.OIDV (N 6JiO'C; B.P3 B'). EKt6~ 6JlQ)~ IClltPOUt; Kat rTJJlavnrij tEAO'C;, 01CllP;EKal 1') 1tpom:popO. to'l\ 1:rollcitO'C; crrO'Ot;E8vlICOOe; a)'IDV£C;, CI:pxitc; )'EVOIlEVTJC; uno t'1 cruJlj.l£'tox.Tt Ilvi5proVtlle; crnv Hneipo!kO'OUA1Kt\ E1taVao"mol1 tDU 1854. Ht6tE KUPtpV'1C1'll !<.pu:,r\. Jl,taro tau Y7t. !>rpanw'nxow LICapAUtOl.l I:ou't'O'Otl, OV£6EO'E n~ 1tp01tapnO'1CEUaml1CE:~ r:v£pytu:C; OE aSl{ojJatl1COUe; tOJV ltapajlEeDpirov IlDVo.OcJ)V tlle; XroPDqlOAO'Kt\C;. LTllq'laCfTl erov 1tDAslllKW\I OO'YlCpOUcrEcJ)vtAU~{[\I }J.E:PD~ cJ)~ &1UKE(jlaA~~ EOEA.OVt'lKQ)Y O'cJ)J,J6.TOlv 0 Ttl),!lata.PlTl~ H)..{a.C; nava.:; CJT1lV 1tEpWXn TIK 'A pTa~ I(at 0 MD {paPlOe; NLl(6).{lO~ 0lAa.petO<; O'lTlv 1(EPLOX tal) IT T1Alou. n 1878, 0 Avt'lllo~papxos ZnO'tIJ,OC; MrmOOf.K11C; a7tDpltal) II" IdDu, K'ii pU~E f.:lt«VclO'tacrT] Kat E~f.:AJ;YTJ npodipo; 'tTV; r.'ta.vaC;tacr't'u;;n~ KIJ~~PV'l'[O'l1~. 0 M1((lO'OCKlle; JlE rov YrrOj.1D{poPXO AXI1.;'1:a BF.:M:V't~atoQ)O'uv o~:tp6: EmtUXWv ,raxwv. H nQ'lll;T1 6J.Wl~ lOX;OproV 't'OUplCIICOW ouv6.JlECDV,tOUC; UVUj'K{[O'E va tepucrtnoov 1:1"]V E1tflVOmaTUCTt TDUe; 1tPOO'1tOOl>lo.. T1w (5tll e1tOX~, 0 AVnJlDipa;PXDC; rE_rop'Y1DC; LTEq'lO:VOO, nDU U1CTIPEtOU(fE O't" \I RtpKupn, ·a1tDI3-1~6.aOll!Cf.: JlE O"OOIJ.(t E9EADVtroV 0'1:11 RopEla 'H:nupo, KO'.tEAUPr. ,OUC; Ay[oo.:; 'i:a.pavt'U KUt Kitpu~t En:avuorao"f!, aHa'll npoo1'taflElCl tOU Sty djpaloo£l·~Kf,. H oeuu:pn O,IWe; 111tElpo9EaaaAlKT] E1t{[VU,tJf{[O'll (l878) aaxtm U1[O tTlV U1tOtuxia: tTjC; £'K1'lPEaoE as: Cl'l1JlaVtu"O ~09fl6 .rI1 O'tuO'Tl 'tCDV MtyaAwv AOVltjlElJ)V otu EKKPEIJ~ E9vn;:a j.l.a., eEjlG.ta. 1:.O'U ~o.()'e1"]Kt OF. aKt~ Tov IavDUaptD H XropOqlUAaKTt ·OEySA..AEIW6 £J'{io-"l~ (l1(6 1'1t; KPllt"lKE:C; E1tavO'.O'ttlO'£lC; rou oEt'm: po ~ 11'"{a£w<; tOU IE)' CllroV(l, .IT oHoi. 6:Vi5PE~ 'ti')~ tAa~ov Jlf: po~ O'tTjV £n:av6.maoT} tOU 1866-9. ~tTl Mu\lT'! JlMlO't(l:, Yl OUvaIJ.l1 t1jC;Y1t0llOtpapXiat; Orru)..ou npDcrx;rupf)a£ eto e9EA..oVtlKO m.o)ltl tOU &1111. netporrDU~,(n;:TI. I:tl] OEUfEPT! K P" 'tu,it £lla va.mClO'Tl 1896-7, '[)1~""o. roe ;r'ro)lQ'tOC; J.1E Eftl KEt:pU)..il'.; toy AVrLllOipaPXD NIl(. TpounQ KTj, EV'tclX.fJTJK£ oro £KCf'tpatEU't'UCO OOOj.1flTOO Tur, B6.oaolJ. T1'Iv 1.0Ul 7tEpioOD Q)..')..o tJ.t1'lJ..!.1l t1')C;, JlE E1H KEql-IlA nc; TOV Y1t0lloipapxo nauA.o Pa~&Ao.EopaaE; O''t11v 1tfiP1DXll tau AKpmtTJPio\), OTa Xuvui, Tuo~0 YnD)J.oLapx;oo; t1(UpD~ :E'Iu.ipD,...il1.tOC;o:v£)..oilt tT1voP-yt1VWO'll Kat 0 lUX d PlOT! 111<; Em rponije; tc6.pUluJ.. ""11C; K pr]1:cilv 7t POmpuyCllv, 49 'I't"ov 1[0).&110 roo 1897, '11 XropoqmAarij QUfJJ.L.6U{X&fl;£ MV{lIl11 EVO~ u'VWj.1U'ta.. H j.uix. '11 tou :rPl~1tO~OU ll1t1'l pl;s 11 fJOvaOllCl] nov I r aYllClt o~ernv T a.~ulPtia.'touEuVtuY,I1lltaPXTJ I1Z Kat t'O'tE Ao-ruvOI.m:ou .6.u:t>9uvnl AOTjvo)V .6.1111. MnatpaKtap" GtO ,.li:tcmto t'q~ Hnelpou, onOll to TaYj.la roo !WI.Ul'W;- OUVEtWGE lI:a:90plCJnlCa O"tTJV ruvoi:lCTj E~EA.l~TJTTJ~ llo.X'n~tOU rpll.J.1t6~ou.lCato1aJ1~avo\l'tW; to 1tpro[ t11~ 5..5. 1897, ta OJ:lcOvupa \Il.1crj!po pa onx.EipTJOTt EA.A.l1\1l'~eDV IJfpat&UI.ulfIDV; at: €:1(Ei vo toy ttO>"EJ10nou &llax;~ J.unt; U1tOKIlA.o6J.1£ a:ruxo,am va ava~l1'tou!Uta o:1q9wo. tau ai'na, tvaare6 rc o1[oiu u1t'lip~£ Kal 11 £1.11tA01C~ 'rIDV n~lCilIlm:U(mV rou O'tpo'tE6Ila'to~ 0'& lCa&t;'KOv.a acrruvoflla~ ,U: 'to NOllO spn H' (I 893). Tt1o~, OTI~avnl(it U1t'ftp~& 'Kill '1 (JlJp.PoA.~ tmv Qv8pmv lOU Erop:.a.'tor; oro MalCSOQv1J(:6 ll')'c.OVIl. To 1904 0 Mo(papxo<; N. TpOll1ta.1(Tj~, tva ano tn 12 ~" fOU Illll.~OUAio\) roo Mmcdiov11l::06 K0J11tQtOll.aV&A.a;~£ 111 ou"(Kp6't1]on, npomih1crn Kat Iiver,pOOlQO'J,10 -emv e:9t;"OYtlKOOVLOllla:tWV tOOV MaK£OOVOl-uiXrov. To 1905 0 Y 1tOlloipapxo~ .Err. Im>po]J. tlA.10<;' Sa £i Vat &1ttlCEcpaA.Tt<; £vo<; Iln.6 to. tp{a &YonACl; 'ltOU EO't'l!.i..TjO'a.V crtTJ Munoov{Q. ToEd>~o. 'to\) un:otdoujJ£vo uno orrA.i't'ec;, 1TJC; XIDPOI.pUAUKnr; Kat Kp~·tE:<;. 1tp6acpulEC; EO, tau osoiou to n£pI£x6Jl.EVO1tapoua(a~£ J.LE crOcpi)VELQiCat OOrovOJl1Kll avtilTl1VTl ttl; apIl0010tT)t-Et; iT)t; v~ acrtuv0J11'ICfJc; QPX~C;. 52 H AG'tl)vo~ia G'tTJVEA.A.o:oa ME auto to OUltaYl!a, T) aCftuvol!ia 01alpe9T)KE CfE A101KT)nK~ Kal A1KaCftlK~ Kal opicrrpccv yla KaBE I!ia a1to al)'t'e~, 101aitepa opyava, rc oaoic u1tayoV'tav CfE lEpapxia Kal tE8T)KaV Katro a1t6 tT]V E1tiPAE'IIT) tT)~ KUPEPVT)CfT)~Kal tOU~ Kata t01tOU~ 1tpOiCftaI!EVOU~ rev OlOlKT]nKIDV U1tTJ ECflcOV P . 01 0~l!apX01Kal 01 corovouoi, ElCfI!EvO Eva I!o:n, to ozoio CfUI!POA1SE O:YPU1tVO «to 1!00tl tT]~ acrtuvollia9). 0 KOPIlO~ tT)~ papoou ~tav tUAl YIlEvo~ !!E AropioE~ uKal Il1tAE, 1tOU 0'Ul!pOA1~av ru E9vlKO: XPcOl!ata. 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I:'tpanCO'tlKIDV, 60 H Aerovoutu O"tTJvEA.MSu ~l1t06C1t tl1 ~tt.atpo1t~ tTJ~ E1t1KOUPl1C~~Xropoq)\)A.aK~~ C1t EA.av sx tOU 0~010~OP81cOtlcSa~, cI>roKicSa~ al AltroA.OaKapvavia~. A1toyopt6- . K 911Kt 11 Katata~l1 aA.A.covavcSpcOv, EVcOt1tttpa1tl1 11 ~ttata~l1 C1tl1 XmpoeuA.aK~. Tu1t1Ka 11E1t1KOUPIK~ XcopoO'n~ apXE~ L\EKEI1~piou 1862, liE ®EO'1ttO'l1a 't11~ 1tpOO'C1)PtviJ~ KuptPVllO'1l~, Ka90pi0'911KE 0 tl1a'ttO'!16~ Kat 0 01tA.tO'I10~'tou~. H O''tOA.~'tC1)V E9vocpUA.aKC1)V1to'tEA.El'tO a1to I1EA.avoyA.auKO a xt'tc1>VtO,0'1311POXPouv 1taV'taA.ovt lIE Epu9pa 1tapapal1l1a'ta, I1EA.avoyA.auKo 1t1lA.~KtO o"x~l1a'to~ KOA.OUpOUKc1>VOU Kat 3taKpmKa OI101a lIE EKeiva roo IIEstKOU. ME 'to 'P~cptO'l1a 'tTl~ 5-12-1862, 'tp01t01tot~911Kav ~aO'1Ka ap9pa roo N0l10U 'PML\' (1862), 1tA.llV 011C1)~ v aUotc1>911KE 0 xapaK't~p~ & tou Dill1a'to~. TtA.O~, 11 1tEp! E9vocpuA.a~~ vOl109EO'ia 'tP01t01tot~911KE ~ 'tOU~ Nouou; PI19' rou 1867, XIU' rou 1877 Kat XI1B' roo 1878. Ka'ta 'tTl 3uipKEta 'tll~ MEO'o~aO'1A.si~ (1862 - 1863), 11 EevocpUA.aK~ Aa"vc1>V Kat Iletpmn 1tPOO'ECPEPE '1ll1aV't1d~ U1tllPEO'iE~, EV'tO\l't01~ O'n~ O E1tapxiE~, CL1tE'tUXEOtK'tpa Kat a1tE~11 1tllY~ avapxia~. 0 i3to~ 0 II. Kopevaio; OI1OA.O'Y11O'E 'to O'umlll1a 3EV E1tE'tUXE, EVc1>ot 1toA.1't1Koi o'tt E1O'1lYll'tE~ roo BoUA.yapll~ Kat L\EA.lJYtc1>PYll~,(m9l1taia aA.A.a~av a1tO'l'Et~. 'E't0'1 'to 1879, I1E'ta rnv Ecpapl1OY~ rou NOl1oU 'PJl:T' (1878), 1tEpi U1t0XPEronK~~ mpa'toA.oyia~ OA.roV'tC1)VEU~vC1)v (Ka'tapy~a"KE 'to O'uO''tlll1a 'tC1)V dllPID'tc1>V), Ka'taP'Y~a"KE Kat 'to Dill1a 't11~ E9vocpuA.aK~~. :4A.A.ol uX'1J.la'rluJ.loi. H ~EV11E1tEI1~aO'1lmll Xc1>paKa'ta 'tll 3tapKEta tou Kptl1aiKOu 1tOAEI10U, 311l1tOUPYllO'E O'o~apa 1tpO~A.~l1a'ta 'ta~11~ Kat aO'cpaAEt~. H 1tPC1)'tEuouO'a at K o rrEtpata~ xctstupuvvoevto a1to 1tA.~90~ aEPYC1)V at CPUY01tOVC1)V, 01tOi01 K oi E1t13ioov'tav O'E Ka9E ei30u~ E'YKA.lll1at1KE~ 1tpa~Et~. Fiu rnv 1tEPtO'O'O'tEPO a1tO'tEAEO'l1anK~ avnllE'tc1>1ttO'11'tOU 1tpO~A.~l1a'tO~, 11 KU~EPVllO'11 MaupoKopM'tou Etm;yaYE O'E OA.ll 'tll Xc1>pa'to 9EO'I10 'tC1)V«OlJl1o'tocpUA.aKC1)V at K VUK'tOCPUA.clKC1)V» 'tll~ E9vocpuA.aK~~, lIE 'tllV 6163 a1to 10-3-1855 a1tocpaO'11 avn tou Y1t. EO"C1)'tEptKc1>V, 'tllV Ka'ta3iC1)~lV Kat E~OV'tC1)O'1V A.llmEia~ Kat «3ta 'tll~ mv mEpECOOlV 'tll~ KOlV~~ aO'cpaA.eia~ Kat 11O'uxia~». 'OA.Ot ot appEVE~ Ka'tOtKOt, lIE E~aipEO'11 'tOU~ aVllA.iKou~ Kat 'tou~ 1tavC1) a1to 60 E'tc1>V, EK'tEA.ouO'avXPEll 311110'tOCPUA.aKC1)V,oxotoi O'UYKEV'tpc1>vov'tavlIE crUva" l1a oi 1tOU E3lVE 0 Mll1apxO~ ~ 0 E~OU0'1000'tTl!1EVO~IIapEopo~. I:E 1tEpi1t'tC1)O'11 crUl11tpa~11~lIE 'tTl XC1)pocpUA.aK~E'taO'O'oV'to U1tO n~ 0311'YiE~ roo oucsiou ~9110cpopou tou I:ml1U'to~. To crUmlll1a 011~ 'tC1)V311110'tocpUA.aKC1)V, OEV 'tEAEO'CPOpTJO'E !lE'ta 1tEv'tal111VO~io Ka'tapy~a"KE. Kat 'Eva aUo 1tapaO''tuVOl1tKO O'ml1a, 1tOUt3pu911KE J.lE 'to NOl1o I1IA' (1881), ~'tav 11E9vocppoupa. I:uI1CPC1)va 'to 10 ap9po au'tou «H E9vocppoupa: (a) ~ EVlO"XVEt 'tllv EV 'tTl E1tapxia XC1)pocpUA.aK~VKat (~) a1to'tEAEi ~po~ ''tll~ Ie' cu. ~ .i\A).a D01"UYOIJ\lCa GcDf.lata .... --. 63 OIlVIlJ.1£Cilt;tIDY M01POpxuilvtll£; XCIJpetql~iaK1l9~; e£a.wq~ot~ U7ttiP~E ~paXU~\oq 11:01OEV £lXE c:ncOOO looo'tTtVEviaxOOll iTi~ XropoqlUAaK1l~,Gao tTtv EaVl1'~ 1C1VTltCntO(Tt01l s 1tEpGttCOCJ]}__ e avll'YKTt~. 3. H AloIK1I1"':11 Acn:uvoptcz.- 0 o 9EO'J.L6~a1}t6~ A£l'tOUP'Y'lO'& 1'Cl1tpam, ipOpa'--kal £cpapIlOa9'l1C£ to Mcipno tOU 1849. O"fTIV A9qva K;Qt tOY n£lpaul. Aqx>pJUi. 1'a 'tTJV K"a91Eproai) tOU, EOQlO"E: to 'YE1'ov~ t1}~ O'\)V6XOV~a6~1lm'J~ tOU 7t"A.1l9oo!-,o6 troy Suo OUtIDV tt6lamv lCallalohepa., jJ.tta tTly'fi£tmpopa TIJIi:,1tp_mu:60uaw; ernv A9ijva altO rov '09cova. Alr{ro tl1~ ttapatTJpo\iIlM'1~e~E.Al~T1~ Kat lll~ 01.a1tlatm9&iOTJ;~ayQYK"'~, Va on:O:PlEI !Jla ao:wV0j.11KlJ U1I:TJpeaia ps.Eup6t'f:p£~ avnA:ft"'El~, 1l0pcpmJJ.iva crtSA.£Xl1 Ka1 opyava., ,jJ.t 1tOA.lnaJ.i&vo; ltmJ.,ta, ltpCt'YIW ero onote liEv jlft'Opouc:mv va avtanoKpt90uv 01 AiillOt. an:aUaxfh'lKav wytoi anO tTJv ~f:p6j:16vo~ MYyoo<;; !Cal Yla 00'00<;; Q1Ao\)~. ava!pEpaj:16 aVaAU'nKa O'tu; tnt Ji.EPO\)~Ev6nlt&~. t} KUtamo.trr) tT1~xdJpa~E1tl&avro9r;)KE 0'£ J.lEyQAO ~aSJ16 Q1tO U1tOwEroc; oTljJ.oO'la<;;r.tOlj)IIA£lat;,1tOU eiXE erav 01tOtSAe(]"jJ.u mv a1toSpaO'uvO"f) tmv KUK01tOUlW C1tOlXeicov,va apouv BV&VO;:O-TJtO\ . H ~t).~T'J tmy ysyovOtmv E10Tl"(T]6&i; 'tTJv"aVTlKatuatUlfl1 t1tS\cr8 tOV Xapt)..ao TP1KOU7tT'J. va 'tOW I)1tQPxovrmv QmVVOJllICO)V Oeo].Lri>v. (1l)uOV Me to N. BPnH' (2188) t11~ 20-J~189.3,Klltam9r)Ka.\I O11tPOOVWPEPOIlEVOl 9sO'j.l.oi ICQ.1avtnca't'a0'l'6.9r)lC«Y D1tO tTl" I:tpanmttICli A (J'[\)voll(a. 0 v6pot;; avt~, d:9nK£ 0'£ 10'XU, axo tT'JV 1~1~1894. H EK't't),£OTj '[Q)V(1O'tVYDI.UKcOvK09TtKOvtOOV O"tov<;;Mi).lO~ '!to\) o'!tO'ttA.oOeuv Kat Eapa tOU \lOJlOO, QVatE9TJKE O"tTJV AcrruVO).lllCci Ka9nKOVta QV£Aa.j}OV 01tA.ftE<; TIle; XmpOiJlUAoK'li<;, .1lE npotompeyotl<;; KOI nMt a~lmjJ.anKo&; tOO O'tpa.tEO).lat~ K.a1t11<; XIDp0pooaQv "til" ltepli.peptl0tOU KpatOuc;. I;tTJv A8i}va K01 crov TIf:tpaui 6TUDr; im).lt. AtttoupyoOOE. 0 8£crpO<; tllr; d1011CTjnKf)c; AO'ttlVo,.dac;, e o onoioe; Ka1 j.L&'ta tllV witCPtCJ'T'l tal) vouoo, ~i\otilPTIasL H Jl6V11 OlaOV» OA.OKotpOOVTJ,tTJ~ olKoytvBla~ K 67 rev Koxoxcrprovctev, 0 osoioc B1taVBpXOllBvO~ a1to tTJ B1EVVTJ1t~PB tOY KOA.aKBl>tlKO thA.o roo to~, IlB tTJV BmmpOIp~ rou ll1tTJpBtTJO"B cuv l>1taO"tl>vo!lO~ cmv £\101KTJt1K~ Arrruvouin Kat B1tB1B~ ~tav 1tp01K10"~VO~ IlB aO"tl>VOlllK~ 1010cpl>ta, t1tal~B O"TJllIlvtlKO P0A.D O""tTlV avaKciA.l>1jITJ ll>O"tTJP1COSOOV I Byx:ATJlla"tOlvKal rnv oi~TJ KaK01tOl00V O"t01XBicov. 5. AG'ft)VOPIK~ KII9£G'tooC; I:aplaKi)c; Hy£J&Ov;~. To 1tPO)"t"OKOA.Al Aov~iivol> (3.2. 1830) OBVB1tEtPB'I'B va a1tOtBA.tO"B1Kal roo TJ~allo~ tll~lla roo eA.A.TJV1KOUpatOl>~, aUa tTJV aVaK~pl>~B O"B Hysuovin K uno tTJV B1tlKl>plapxia roo 1:0l>A. dvou. Tov KataO"tatlKO r XaptTJ tTJ~ Hyeuoviac a1tOtEA.BO"av 01 Olata~Bl~ tou 1tooB11KavaVaA.Ut1KOtBpa 0"t0 lPllav{Ol> roo 1850 olaMiIl~avB ta aKoA.ou8a, O"X£t1Ka IlB tTJV iopuO"TJ xm a1tOO"toM tTJ~ XcoPOCPl>A.ax:it~tOU VTJO"lOU: Eu; « "tTJV KOlIl6noA.1V, ~t1~ eivat TJ ~opa tTJ~ HY&IlOvia;~, 8EAtl 01a~V&1, &1~ ApXTJ'Yo~ XCOPOCPUA.clKCOV O"tpanCOtIDv, OlatBAIDV U1tO t~ ollltaya~ xut "tTJV ot£68uvmv tOU Hy£~vo~, 0 0& PTJ8ei~ ApXTJYo~ etA.el tX&l; uno tTJV oOTJ'Yiav roo nBvt~KOVta mpanIDt~, BK reiv oeolev BV ~po~, EXOV xm auto €ltlK&q;>aM~, Eva U1tO()BEmBpOv ApxTJ'Yov, 8EA.el olavBillBl Bl~ ta tEO"O"apa tll~J.lCtta tTJ~ v~O"ou, tOU~ OB BnlA.oi1tou~ 8EA.Bl tXBl :'tA.TJcr10VtOU np~ 01(lt~PTJO"1V tTJ~ TJO"uxi~ Kill ta~BCO~, 01 mpanID"t1ll OU"tOl 8EA.OUO"l tpoO"a1 yaYEl Bl~ ta 01Kam~pla "tOU~ Bvayo~vou~,. Kat EKtEA.ei "ta~ Olataya~ "tTJ~ 1110lK~ O"BCO~». ... H Ola"ta~TJ aut~ B1taVBA.~q>8" ore uA.a~» a1to"t&A.;&i;"t"at rov ApXTJ'Yo, 5 A~lCOIlllt1KO~, 7 Y1ta~lCOJ.UlnKOU~Ka160 a1to XOlpOq>UA.aK&~,ouva~vou~ va aU~TJ80uv a& 100. 1£ KcleB Eva ano ta 4 TIlTtIlIlta tOU VTJUt..aKCOV 1 A~lcollllnK6 1(al 3 Y1ta~lCOllat1KOI)~, a1to "tou~ osoiooc IlB tva~ BKtBA.OUo"E xPiTJ rpallJllltEa - AO"f1o"t~ xm clA.A.O~ XPETJ OBO"lloq>UA.aKa. 68 H Aorovoutc OTIlvElltlau E1t()IJ.£VO~ o..ta8j.1o~ O''tTJVE~f:A.l~TJ'tOU 8EO'j.10UU1t~P~E 0 Noj.1o~ 732 'tTJ~ 1.1. 1896 «I1Epi XCJ)pOCPUA.aK~~».ME 'to 10 ap8po rou Nouon aU'tou 1tpOE~A.t1tE'tO v, Buo AVOU1tOAOXayc.OVKat EV~ AvOu1taO'1t1O''tou E1t1'tE'tpal1j.1EVOU'ta 'tOU rpaj.1~'tECJ)~ 'tTJ~ XCJ)pOcpUA.aK~~, EK BEKa£~ Y1ta~lCJ)j.1a'tlKci>v, ~'tOl EV~ E1t1A.OXiOU,1tEV'tE A.0X1CDV BtKa BEKaVf:CJ)V,Kat E~BOj.1~KOV'ta tJ.£XP1~ Kat EKa'tOV XCJ)POCPUA.clKCJ)V}). H a1toO''tOA.~ rou llilj.1a'to~ KaOopl~o'tav IJ.£'to apOpo 15 rou {Bl0U V0j.10U, 'to onoio 1tpOf:~AE1tE, 1tCJ)~ (mapa rou HYEj.10VO~ B{oov'tat Bla'tayai El~ 'tTJV XCJ)pOCPUA.aK~V,acpopc.OO'at El~ rnv OOcpclA.ElaV 'tTJ~ HYEj.1ovia~ Kat El~ 'tTJV Bla't~PTJO'1V 'tTJ~ KOlvi1~ TJO'UX{~. Eu; rov ApXTJ'Yov roo llil~'to~ aV~KEl TJ'tTJ~ 1tEl0apx{~ Bla't~PTJO'l~, 0 01tA.10'j.10~ Kal TJ E1t10Ec.OPTJO'1~ rou I:c.Oj.1a'to~. H XCJ)POCPUA.aK~,CJ)O'au'tCJ)~ U1taYE'tat El~ 't~ 1tpOO'KA.~O'El~ 'tCJ)VAO''tuvoj.1CJ)V Kat 'tCJ)V 'ta XPf:TJ aO''tuV0j.11Ka EK'tEA.OUV'tCJ)V ATJj.1apxCJ)v, 1tpO 1taV'tCJ)v BE 'tTJ~ E10'aYYEA.{~, 'tCJ)V B1KaO''tlKci>v Kat Bl01KTJ't1Kci>V a PXc.Ov oO'aKt~ U1tUPXEl , avaYKTJ 1tPO~ EK'tf:A.EO'lVB1KOO't1Kc.OV Bta'taycOv, EV'taA.~'tCJ)V Kal a1tocpaO'ECJ)v, Ka'ta 't~ E1B1Ka~ Bla't~El~ 'tTJ~ 1tOlvtK~~ V0j.100EO'ia~». 0 OpyavlO'j.10~ 'tTJ~ HYEIlOvtK~~ XCJ)pocpUA.aK~~ 'tP01t01tol~8TJKE IJ.£ 'tOU~ Nouoo; 1160 roo 1902 Kat 1367 rou E1tOtJ.£VOUf:tou~. 0 1tPc.Oto~ EA.aXlO''tE~ lJ.£'ta~oA.f:~ E1tf:CPEPE,EVc.O 0 BEU'tEpO~ KaOoplO'E OpOOA.OYI.KO'tEpa Kat 1tA.TJptO"tEpa V0j.10'tEXV1Ka, 'tTJV a1toO''tOA.~ Kal 'tTJV opyavCJ)O'TJ 'tOU llil~'tO~. 1tpO~A.f:cpOTJKEa1tO 'to Ka'taO"tanKou xapaK't~ pa (]>lpj.l.aVl rou 1852, O'E EK'tf:A.EO'TJ ou onoiou EKMOTJKE 0 Noj.1o~ 85 rou 1879 r «I1Epi Al01KTJnK~~ Aotuvoutc;», 1tOU (Q'XUO'EtJ.&XPl;'to 1913. I:uj.1cpCJ)vaj.1E'to 10 apOpo «H AO''tuvoj.l.{a EVEPYEi'tat Bl' E1B1KOU Aorovopou Bl0Pl~0tJ.£VOU EVO~ EV EKaO''tCJ)'tCJ)V'tEO'O'apCJ)v Tj.1TJj.1a'tCJ)vBaOtCJ)~, Xc.Opa~, MapaOoKaj.11tou Kat KapA.o~acriCJ)v. OU't01 Bl0pi~ov'tat U1tO'tTJ~ KU~EPV~O'ECJ)~ Kat 'tEA.OUO'1CJ)~ 1tpO~ 'ta OO'tUV0j.11Ka au'tc.Ov KaO~KOV'ta U1tO 'tTJV E1t1~ PTJO'1Vau't~~. Eu; 'tou~ A.011tOU~A~j.1ou<;, f:vOa &v; U1tapXEl AO''tUvoj.1O<;, 01 A~j.1apx01 ~ 01 I1apEBp01 Of:A.oUO'1EK1tA.TJpoi 'ta aO"tuV0j.11Ka KaO~Kov'ta ... ». Fur 'tTJV EK'tf:A.EO'TJ'tTJ~ aO''tuV0j.11K~~ U1t11PEcri~ 1tpO~Af:cpOTJKETJ BlaOEO'TJ, U1tO 'tl~ Bta'tayt~ 'tCJ)V AO''tuvoj.1CJ)v Mvaj.1TJ~ 'to 1toM 40 aO''tuV0j.11Kc.OV KA.TJ~PCJ)v, 01 O1tOi01 apX1Ka 1tpoO'A.~cpOTJKaV a1to 'to I:cOtJ.a 'tTJ~ HYEj.10vtK~~ XCJ)pocpUA.a~~, EVc.OO"tTJO'uVf:xEla BlOpi~ov'tav a1tEuOEia<; a1to rov HYEj.10va. (]>opouO'av 'tTJ 0''t0A.~ rou XCJ)pocpUA.aKa ( 0'UV'tax9TJKE 1tPOO'COp1VO~ KavoV10'J.10~ 'tolll:cbJ.1a'to~, 1tOU Kllpoo9TJKE J,1£'to NoJ.1o 66 'tTJ~ 26.8. 1899. l:'tl~ apXE~ tou l:E1t'tEJ.1~piou 1899 EPYTJO'E, JL£ ~aO'11 'to. 1tpo'tu1ta roo l:cOJ.1a'to~ rev BaO'lA.IKcOV KapaJ.11t1VIEpIDV (Carabinieri Reali), Eva 1tE19apXTJJ.1f.vO, mpanCO'tlKu opyavIDJ.1Evo l:OOJ.Ul A11J.1oO'la~ AO'cpUA.Ela~, TJ 1tE19apxia Kal TJ 'tu 1;'tpanronKOtl Ilotvixou Kc.i>8tKa Kat AtKOVo~ia~, 1tOll ~'talppa0'8nKav oro EA.A.TJV1.Ka 1904. 'to 1;tl~lprova jlE 'to 10 ap8po roo OpyaVtO'IlOtl, TJKpTJnK~ Xropoq)l)A.a~ «eivci 1tporoPtO'~VTJ va E1taypll1tvij 8ul 'tTJV~PTJmv 'tTJ~ oTJ~oO'ia~ aO'lpaM:{~, va E~aO'lpaA.i~TJrnv 't~PTJmv 'tTJ~'ta~E~ Kat va Ka8tO''ta O'E~OO'tOtl~'tOll~ VOJ,lOll~. Apacr'tTJPia Kat a8tclM:t1t't0~ E1tayplmvT)m~, O'Ko1totlO'a rnv 1tpOA.TJ'VtV 1taV't6~ uvnxsuievou rou; VOJ,lOt~,a1to'tEM:i rnv ll1tTJpEV1O''tcl'tat61tro~ 1tpOO''ta'tEtlTJ'tOll~ VO~Oll~ Kat roix 8EO'~Otl~ 'tTJ~ IIoA.t'tEia~, 01tro~ 1tpoaO'1tit;TJ J,ltxPt~ EO'xa'trov 'tTJVnJ,l~v Kat aVE~ap'tTJoicv 'tTJ~ 1ta'tpioo~ Kat 01tro~ E1taypll1tV~ ota 'tTJV 't~ PTJcrlV 'tTJ~ oTJj.1oO'ia~ 'tU~Ero<;» . H KPTJ'tlK~ XropOlpllA.a~ a1to'tEM:l'tO a1to n~ aKOA.Oll8E~ Y1tTJPEO'iE~: ApxTJYEio, E1tt'tEM:io, 5 E1tapxtaKt~ MOtpapXi~, LXOA.~ ~a8T)'tEllo#vrov, IIEt9apXtKo OllA.aIlO, Lc.i>tJ,a MOllO'tK~~, eEpa1tEll't~pto, 01tA.00tOpeo)',~ptO Kat EllA.Ollpy£io. Ilnpern pEhat &n; yta 1tpc.i>'tTJ >opa O''tTJv tcropiu roo q ccruvouucou 9EO'J,l0l> O'E EA.A.TJVtKO toaq>o<; 1tpO~A.E1tE'taL MOllO'tK~ Kat 'tEXVtKE<; t8tKO'tTJ'tE<;.Ot E1tapXtaKE<; MOtpapxiE<;, Ot O1tOiE~ «t8ptlo~"Cat Ota E rnv ~PTJmv 'tTl~ OTJlloaA.El~», tXOllV 000 'ttl; Ota'taYE<; roix Y1tOj.101papxiE~, Tj.1~jla'ta Kat L'ta9J,lotl<;. 01 MOtpapxiE<; OtOtKOtlV'tO a1to Motpapxou~, Ot Y 1tOIlOtpapxiE<; a1to Y1tollotpapxoll~, rn Tpllla'tCt a1to Av8ll1t01l01papxoll~ Kat ot 1;'ta91l0i a1to Av8ll1taO'mO''tt~ ~ Evro~.o"tapXE~ (oi L'ta9J,l0{ topa~ A~lCJ)J,lanKou OtOtKOtlV'tO1taV'ta a1to Av8ll1taO'mO'-ci)). To 1906 M:t'tollpyOtlO'av, EK't6~ a1to n~ E1t1'tEA.tKE~Y1tTJPEtlA.aKe~, crt>vOA.tKa1.234 avopE~. fla 'tTl O''tOA.~rev avopc.Ov rou Iroj.1a'to~, aV'ti9t'ta a1to D,n O'llVE~TJ a'ta rnv K iOPl1011 'tTl~ EUTJVtK~~ Xropoq>llA.a~~, EA.~q>8TJOtai'tEPTJ J,lEpt~Va Kat paO'T) t 'tTl~ a1tE'tEA.EO'E'to 't01ttKO EVOllJ..la,11 «eopsia 1tEPtO'KEA.i~»(TJ ppuKa). To 71 1tTJA.~KtO ~'tav a1tO Ilaupo astrakan Kat Eq>EPE 0"tTJ 9EO'TJ'tOU E9vOO'~IlOU, 'to HYEIlOVlKO O''tElllla (Mo I' xtaO'n Kat O''tEIlIlU), O'E Epu9po SEPlla. n~ U1tOS~lla'ta, Ka9tEpOO9TJKaV OtKPTJ'tlKE~ Il1tOn:~. Oi Av9u1taO'mO''tE~ 01J.CO~ at K Ot aAAOt A~tc.olla'ttKOi eopotouv O''tOA~, IlE ~aO'TJ rnv KOtV~ -~paxEia1tEptChcEAiSa. TEAO~, EA~q>9r] JJ.tptllva yta tov Eq>OStooIlO 'tTJ~ SUVaIlTJ~ IlE O'XE'tlKa cn)'YXPOVO 01tAtO'Il0, 'tTJ O''tt'Yll~ 1tOU O''tTJv EAAOOtK~ Xc.opoq>uAaK~ 0 01tAtO'Il0~ TJ'tav 1tOtKiAo~ Kat a1tapxatc.o!lEvo~. Ot1tE~oi Xc.opoq>uAaKE~ Eq>Epav 'tllq>Ex:tO Txpn (U1tOSEi'Ylla'to~ 1874), ~tq>oA.6'YXTJtou aU'tou cruCftTJlla'to~ Kat 1tlO''tOAt Browning 'tc.ov 7,65 (U1tOSEi'Ylla'to~ 1900), Kat ot1tE~oi Y1ta~tc.olla'tlKOi apa~iSa Txpc 'tOU t1t1tlKOU, ~tq>oA.6'YXTJ1:ooO'E1tOOKat 1tlO''tOAt. o. Eq>l1t1tOt Y1ta~tc.olla'tlKOi Kat Xc.opoq>uAaKE~ Eq>Epav apa~iSa I'xpd 'tOU 1tUpO~OAtKOU Kat O'1ta9r] 'tOO pc.oO'lKOUl1tmKOu. Oi Av9u1taO'1ttO''t~ Kat A~tc.olla'ttKOi Eq>Epav 0'1ta9TJ Kat 1tlO''tOAt. Ta 'YE'Yovo'ta 1tOU aKOAOU9TJO'av rnv E1tavaO''taO'TJ 'tOU SEpiO'ou (1906), oS~'YTJO'av O''tTJV a1tOllaKpUVO'TJ roo 'Y1ta'tou APIlOO''tTl, 1tpi'YKl1ta fEc.oP'Yiou. 1:'tou~ KOA1tOU~ 'tTJ~ KPTJ'tlK~~ Xc.opoq>uAa~~ STJlltOUP'Y~9r]KE cn)yXtO'TJ Kat avTJO'uxia, 1tOU EO'1tEUO'av va StaO'lCESIlO'ouv Ot IIpO~EVOt 'tc.ov IIpoCfta'tlSc.ov AuvaJ18c.ov, Ot oxoioi 'tTJ Sta~E~aic.oO'av On «...TJ CftOATJ tou Ex:M:K'tOU toerou l:c.Olla'tO~, SEV 9a U1tOCftTJ ouSElliav tpononoinow Kat On 'to HYEIlOVlKOV E9vOO'TJIlOV, Ev9ulltOV 'tOU 1tpOO'tOUEV KpTJ'tTJ Y1ta'tou APIlOO''tou Kat tSpu'tou 'tTJ~ KPTJ'ttKTJ~ Xc.opoq>uAaKTJ~, 9a Sta'tTJpTJ9TJ c.o~ cn)1l~OAOV 'tTJ~ 'YEVEO'Ec.o~ au'tTl~ ... » (to TJ'YEIlOVtKO E9vOO'TJ1l0 Eq>EPE'tO O''ta Xl'tOOVla tmv avSpOOv 1tOU OOTJpE'touO'av O''tTJv AvCO'tEpa AlOiKTJO'TJ Xc.opoq>UM.~~ Kp~'tTJ~, c.o~ 'tTJ SEKaE'tia'tou 1960). TTJv I'taAtK~ opyavCO'tlKTJ, aV'tlKa'teCftTJO'E EUTJVlK~ 000 rov Ta'Ylla'tapXTJ rou IIupo~oAlKou AvSpEa Mouespdeo, 0 onoio; Kat aVEM.~E ApXTJ'YO~ tou l:c.Olla'to~ (1906). ME 'to Sta'ta'Ylla 81 (1907) lSpU9r]KE TJIIoAt'toq>UA.aKTJ (EiSo~ orputou), MvallTJ~ Mo Ta'Ylla'tc.ov, U1tO rov ApXTJ'Y6 'tTJ~ KPTJ'tlKTJ~ Xc.opoq>uAaKTJ~· To 1:E1t'tEIl~PlO ton 1908, Ot KP~'tE~ K~pu~av 'tTJV EVc.ocriJ 'tou~ IlE 'tTJV EAAaSa. H KpTJ'tlKTJ Xc.opoq>uAaKTJ «U1tTJ'Ya'YE E9VlKOO~ Eau'tTJV, El~ 'tTJV EAATJVtKiJVBaO'tAlKiJV Xc.opoq>uAaKTJV», Ka'tiJP'YTJO'E 'to ApXTJ'YEio 'tTJ~ Kat uvt' aU'tou tSpU9TJKE TJAvc.o'tEpa AtoiKTJO'TJ Xc.opoq>UM.~~ KpiJ'tTJ~. TEAtKa TJ EVO'c.ollll'tc.oO'iJtTJ~ Sta'tax9r]KE 'to 1913. H Si>vallTJ 'tTJ~ 01J.CO~ ta'tiJPTJO'E 'tTJ StKiJ ' S 'tTJ~ CftoAiJ, OXES6v c.o~'tTJ Mrcpuoumxf Ka'taCftpoq>iJ· H 1tpoO'q>Opa 'tTJ~ KPTJ'tlKTJ~ Xc.opoq>uAaKiJ~ O''tO E9vo~ OOTJ ~E J1E'YaA.TJ: a) P ( ~aO'q>aAtO'E 'tTJV 'ta~TJ oro VTJal Kat rnv 1tpoO''taO'ia 'tOU Eva1tolJ.EivaV'to~ 1l0UO'OUAIlaVtKOU 1tATJ9uO'IlOUKalKa'tECftTJO'E 1tEPt't'tiJ rnv Eui 1tapalloviJ 'tc.ov Cftpa'tEUlla'tc.ov, 'tc.ov IIpoO''ta'ttSc.ov AuvaJ1ECOv, 'YE'YOVO~1tOU SlEUKOAUVE rnv EVc.oO'TJ1E rnv EAAaSa. (B) KepStO'E 'tTJ IlIlXTJ 'tTJ~ 'tTJPTJO'TJ~'tTJ~ 'ta~TJ~ O''tTJ J 72 H Aoruvouin crtTJv EA.M.oa 9£<1<1aAOVtKTl rnv 1tEpioBo 1912 - 1913, cruf.L~aUoV't'~ Ka90ptCJ't'tKa <1'tTlV E~a<1cpaAtAia 'tTl<; rov AuyoU<1'tO roo 1916 av£'tp£'VE tov KivBuvo vc 1tapaBoeEl a1to rov raUo APXTly6 nov l.:Uj.1J.LaXtKc'ov l.:'tpa'tEl>f.LUnOv CJ't'TlMaKEoovia l.:apulY Tl 0E<1<1QAOviKTl Kat Tl MaKESovia CJ't'OU<; l.:£pPOU<;. KEcJ)AAAIO TETAPTO 1. H UcnUVOJllK1) JU:'tapolf) 'tou 1906. H XcopOqmlaKf) avalaJlp6:v&l; acnuv0JU:uCJ1) 't1)~ xmpa;. 't1)v Ot 1tpo~A.TJ~ancr~o{ a1to rnv ~na roo 1897 &1tE~aA.A.aV ~'ta1;u aAA.c.ovxut 'tTJV a1t&~1tA.olC~rrov a1;lc.o~anICwv roo t'tpa't&u;~a't~ a1to 'tTJVamcTJcrT)'tTJ~ acr'tuvo~i~. t'ta 1tA.aicrla aU'ta TJICU~EPVTJcrTJ 0&oowpou; A&A.TJYlaVVTJ; 9po 51 'tOVi~E'tO, on «ot aStroJ..lanlCoi 'tTJ~ XropOq)\)A.a.lC~~, avaA.aJ..l~avov'tE~ rnv ElC'tEA.EerTJer'tuVOJ..l1lCc.OV a lCa9TJlCoV'trov, ESalCOA.ou90ucn \)1[EXOV'tE~'ta~ lCa'tO: 'ta~ 1CEtJ..LEVa~ Ota'tru;Et~ u1tOxpec.OerEt~ a.lYtc.Ov,~ aStroJ..la'ttlCc.Ov'tTJ~ xropocpUA.alC~~». E1tierTJ~, J..lf: 'to o:p9po 50 lCa90ptCo'tav, on ee 1tEpi1t'trocrTJ YEVlKc.OV aP~ jlEOa 0'& JlIIl SEKa.e:t(a. To n:p6P).1l~Q avayvmpio9rjK£ (1'1[6 TIlV ElO'Tl'YnnKTl £1Cgeo11 tOU Nouou rP2E', G1'llV osota avrupepstat ou: «Ev to) vlim to&tm; OpyavtO'wD t11t; ootuvoj.liat;. oPOA,oYOUjl£v on U1tUPXE1 Kat tpCll't6v n O"11l1Eiov. To O'Tlj.1E{ov tOlYtO eival t). Ka9' OlPlcrp:iVOV Xpovov,avavtw01.~ fJEYG.wu jltpotX; tmy avopOOv auti!<;. 1ltOl rev KAl1partWV 'Ccov J.1Etat\ge~voov Et<; 'to U~a tl'l<; XmPOl>l..aKT] to 1940 m~ <, 77 Kat av TJiBpU011 'tOU 1:XOA.ElOUE1tE~aA.A.E'tOa1t6 'tte; 1tpaYJ,1a'ttKEe; aVaYKEe; yta KaA.U'tEPTJ aO''tuv6J.1EuO'TJ, BEY 1tPE1tEt va J,1ae; BtacpEuYEt 6n TJ 1tpmTJ opyavcoJ,LEvTJ AO''tUVOJ,1tK~ 1:xoM O"tTJVEupo)1tTJ tBpu911KE O''tTJraA.A.ia'to 1883 a1t6 'tTJ Surete Nationale, EVeDO"tO Aovl)ivo TJ 1:XOA.~ 'tTJe; MTJ'tpo1toA.t'ttK~e; AO''tuvoJ,1iae; (yvroO''t~ coe;1:xoM Peel) tBpu9TJKE 'to 1907. o VEOe; aO''tuvoJ,1tK6e; 9EO'J,16e;, 1tapa ne; E'Y'YEVEle;aBuvaJ,1iEe; 'tOU, apxtO'E crUV'toJ,1a va a1toBiBEt Kap1tOUc;. H XeDpa 6J,1coe; ~pt0'1C6'tav CfE KpiO'TJ. To 1toA.t'ttK6 crUO'tTJJ.1a VOO'()UO'E a9Epa1tEu'ta, TJ E1C'tEA.EO"ttK~Kat TJ I)tKaO"ttK~ E~oucria BUO'A.Et'tOupyouO'av, TJ O'UvaA.A.ay~ ~ptO'1COtav Ka9TJJ.1Eptva O"tO 1tpOO'1C~Vto. 0 'to'tcpA.tKac;, 0 KOJ,1J,1a'taPXTJe;,0 ~cooKU1t'tTJe; Kat 0 q>uy6BtKOe; ~aO'avt~av 'tTJV u1tat9po. 1:'ta aO"ttKa KEv'tpa, TJ xap'to1tat~ia, TJ Ku~da, TJ zopvsin, 'ta vapKco'ttKa Kat TJ Btacp90pa a1to'tEA.ouO'av 'to Kupiapxo O'1CTJvtK6, EYeDoi KU~EpV~O'Ete; A.Et'toupyouO'av coe;TItA.a'tot. TIapa "Ca O'UVEX~ Bta~~J.1a'ta rou 1:eDJ,1a'toe; KavEva J,1E'tpO BEV EA.aJ,1~avE'to. H O1tA.mK~ B6vaJ,1TJ ~'tav otKOVOJ,1tKa E~a9A.tCOJ,1EVTJ Ka'ta 1.000 avBpEe; Ka'tcO'tEPTJ a1t6 EKElVTJ, 1tOU Kat 1tpOE~A.E1tE 0 N6J.10e; rPEE'. M1tpoO''ta O'E au't~ 'tTJV E~a9A.icoO'TJ E~EppaYTJ TJ E1tavaO"taO'TJ 0"t0 rouBi 'to 1909, O"tTJv ozoic J.1E'tEO'XE TJXCOpOCPUA.aK~J.1E67 XCOpOcpUA.aKEe;, 1t6 roue Kat U AV'ttJ.1oipapxo 1:1tUpO 1:1tUpOJ.1~A.tO Kat Av9u1toJ.1oipapxo Icoavvll Mapo6Ba. L\uo a1t6 touc 6poue; tou 1:'tpanconKou 1:uvBtO'J,1ou, 1tOU ueopooouv 'tTJ XCOpOCPUA.aK~,~O'av «H a1taA.A.ay~ 'tTJe; XCOpOcpUA.aK~e; a1t6 rev 1tOAt-ttKeDV E1tTJ EtcOV, pU9J.1t~0J,1EVCOV1tpOe; 'tou'to Ka'taA.A.~A.COe; rmv tou APXTJ'YEiou P aU't~e;... Kat 1:K01ttJ.1CO'tEpa, OtKOVOJ,1tKm'tEpa Kat O''tpa'ttCOnK~ opyavcoO'te; 'tTJe; XcopocpUA.aK~e;, cOO''tE EK 'tau'tTJe; va a1to'tEA.~'tat EV avaYKTJ Kat O"tpanco'ttK~ B6valltQ). Ot KU~pV~O'Ete; 1tOU aVEA.a~aV O''tTJO'UvExEta, tA.a~av O'Etpa J.1E'tPCOV tnv EvicrxuO'TJ 'tTJe;opyavcoO'TJe; tou l:cOJ.1a'toe; (EtBtK6'tEpa 'to yta 1910), xcopie; va 1tapaA.El\jfouv Kat 'tTJ J.1EPtK~ tKavo1toiTJCITI tou at't~J,1a'toe; tou 1:'tpa'ttco'ttKOU 1:UVBEO'J.10U 'tTJv EJ.11t6A.EJ.1TJ yta crUV9EO'TJ'tTJe;B6vaJ.1~e; 'tTJe;. ME 'to BL\ 'tTJe; 31.12. 1909 E~0J,1otc09TJKE TJ0'1:0A.~ rev 1tE~cOVXCOPOCPUA.aKCOV J,1E EKEiVTJ too nE~tKOU, EVcO 'tcov Ecpi1t1tcov J,1E EKE1VTJ tou I1t1ttKou. L\ta'tTJP~911Kav 'ta aJ.1CPtJ,1aO'xaA.ta Kat Ka90piO'911KE 'to ~uO'tvi XpcOJ.1Q(to 1910 aA.A.a~E CJEKuavouv opevov), coe;BtaKpm.K6 rou l:cOJ.1a'toe; a1t6 'to onoio Ka'taO'1CEu~ov"Cav 'ta 1tapapaJ,1J,1a'ta. 1:'ta EJ.11tp60'9ta aKpa rou 1tEptA.atJ,1iou ECPEPE'tOto O"tEJ.1J.1a at 0 apt9J.16e; 'tau'tOtTJ'tae; (ot 01tA.1tEe; 'tTJe;A. L\. A 'tn~e; K EcpEpav ore E1teDJ,1tarouq Kat 'to BtaKpt'ttK6 ypaJ.1J.1a A) .. ME 'to NoJ,1o fOZ' (1910), "Cp01t01tot~9TJKE 0 N6J,10e; rPEE' Kat E'tO't E1t~A.9av J.1EptKEe; ouO'tanKEe; opyavconde; J.1E'ta~oA.te; cro aO''tuvoJ,1tK6 O'uO'tTJJ.1a. H CJTJJ.1aVnK6tEPll a1t6 aU't&e; ~'tav 6n 1tEPlOpi0'9TJKaV oi AO''tUVOJ,1tKEe;L\tEU9uvO'Ete; O'E 16, 67tcoe; ElXE yiVEt 1taA.at6'tEpa J.1E'to N6J,10 rAA' (1904). IBpu9TJKav 58 AO''tuvoJ.1tde; Y1toBtEu9uvO'Ete;, J.1Eta~u rev 'OCJO I / i,' ./ .. ,' 78 H Aerovoutc ernv E}J.uoa O?tOiIDV Kat EK£iVT) rou Anupiou crnv AO"rVVOJ.ltK~ ~tEUel.)vcrT) AtnK~~. E1t1?tA.eoVE?tEKta9T)KE 0 eEcrj.10~ tIDV AcrtUVOj.1tKc.OVTj.l'llJ.latcov, EKtO~ tT)~ A9~va~ Kat tOU Ilsipmc Kat O'EaA,M:~ ?tOA,Et~tT)~ xmpa~. Etm tOpl>eT)KaV 4 AO''tuvo~uKa TJ.lTJj.la'ta cr'tllv Ilnrpu, ava. 3 O''tTjV Ka.A.aj.la.'ta Kat 'ta TpiKaA.a Kat ava. 2 ornv Tpi1toA.T), oro Aypivto, O''tT) XaA.Ki()a, (1'1''11 UPO, O'tT)V L Kspxupa, cr'tT) Aaptcra Kat ern Aaj.lia. L'tT)V A9~va tOpu9T)KaV ouo AcnUVOJ.l1Ka.~taj.l£piO'j.1a'ta, 1tpO()POj.101 tIDV j.1Expt1tpO 't1V0~ Y1t0()tEu9uvO'Eov AO'tUvoj.lia~, co~ EV()ulj.lEO'a KA,tj.lUKta j.lEta~u AO'tUVOj.l1K~<; ~tEu9uvO'T)~ Ka1 Tj.lTHI.a.tCOV.LtO A' ~taj.leptO'j.la u1tTJx9T)O'av rc A', B', ~' Kat H' AO'tuVOJl1Ka. Tj.l~j.lata, EVc.O O'tO B' ta U1toA.o11ta.E1tavaA. TJcp9T)KE '11Ota.ta~T) yta rnv iopuO'T) 1tEVtE Em9EID~creCOV Kat TUYj.lat~ XcopocpUA.aK~~ cmv A9TJva, J.lE ouvaj.lT) 3 Aoxcov (j.leXpt 300 avopc.Ov) Ka1 Ka90pl0'9T)KE A.e1ttOj.lEpeO'tEpa '11 a1tocrtoA.TJ roo: «To TaYj.la auto u1tayoj.lEvov U1tO ta~ aj.1EO'ou~olataya.~ tOU ApXT)You tT)<;Xcopoq>uA.aKTJ<; olati9Etat E1~EKtaKtOu<; Ka1 E1tEt'YouO'a~1tEp10'taO'E1~tT)~ oT)j.locria~ tOU KPUtOu~ acrcpaA.Eia~ Kat toia Et~ rnv Ka.taoi(O~tv A.T)O'tc.Ov aA.A.mv£1t11C1VOUV(oV rnv ampaM:tav tT)~ ~ Et~ xropac; !X'tOj.l(Ov. Ev 'tID ~TJJl(O 'tCOV A9T)vc.Ov, Mvatat va otan:9TJ ... E1<; 1tEpl1toA.i~ 1tpo<; tTJPT)(j1VtT)~ K01VTJ<; )O'uxia<;». T TEA.o~, us tOY ioto NOJlo 1tPO~M:q>9T)KE '11 iopuO'T): (a) AOY10'tT)piou XIDpoq>UA.aK~<;ero Ynoupvsio EcrCOtEptKc.OV, OtKOVOj.ltK~~ E1t1eec.Op'I1O'TI~ (P) O'tO ApX11yetO X(Opoq>uA.a~~, Kat (y) EYKA.T)j.latOA.OY1KOUMouosiou 0'1'0 K(ltaO'tT)J.la tT)~ A.~. Att1~~ TJ O'tO LXOA.etO 01tA.ttc.Ov <<1tpO~ 1tA.T)pEO'tepav rorv 01tA.1tc.OV 1!6pq>(Ocrtv.TT)v O'UA.A.oy~v roo MOUO'Eiou geA.ouv (l1tOn:M:O'Et 1tEtO'nlPtct, ov Ol.EtclX9T) 11 O~j.lEUO'1<;, tavta rn EyKA.T)j.lat1K~<; E1t1VOTJO'EID~ 1 6pyav(l, (0<; Kat 1tav aUo 1tpayj.la O'UvtEA.eO'(lV Et~ tT}V Otacpc.OttO'lV tT)~ avaKpicrE~ ...». TEA.o~ 1tEptTJA.9E O'tT)Vapj.loot6tT)'ta tT)~ X(OpocpUA.aKTJ~ «E1ti '11 tIDV ayoprov Kat tT)~ Ka9ap10tT)tO~ ucruvoulu», 11onoie aPX1K6. eiXE avatE9ei croix dTJ~OU~, Evm E1tTJA.9E j.l1KpTJaU~T)O'T)tT)<; opyav1K~~ ~uvaj.lT)~ (crUVOA.O 6.863 avopE~). ME "to Nouo rcbOH (1910) etmlX911 O''tOLc.OJla0 pa9j.lo~ roo Av9u1taO'1t1O"tTJ K(1t j.I£ to B~ 1rl~ 8.6. 1910 Kaeopi0'9T)Kav A.E1t"tOj.lEpc.O~ Ka9TJKOvta roo. ta E1tiO'T)~ j.I£ 'to B~ tT)<; 20.7. 1910, 1Ca90picr9T)KET} a1toO'"toA.TJ,j.I£ Oa.n:clVE<; roo ol'UlOO'iou 3 Ka"tID"tep(Ov a~tIDJla'tlKcOV, 1tOU 9« E1t1A.Eyov'tav ue otay(Ov10'j.lO, crnv «Eonspic ... 1tpO<; tEA.E10tepav Et~ rc roo EPYOU au'tcOv j.lOpq>IDUA.aKTJa1tOVEj.lE'tU1Et~ 'tOU~ EV(Ollo'tapx«~ A' "t~E(Oe;, oinvsc Ol~KouO'av e1ti Mo O'XOA1KIl E'tT] EV 1'(0 LX0A.ei(O 'tIDV Y1ta~t(d!lattKc.Ov ...» (tou Ltpa'tEUJ.latO~). ApxtK6. '11Ku~epv'I1O'TI etXE npoonva't0A.t0'9d O''tT)V iopuO'Tl LXOA.TJ~ A~t(OJ.lattKcOV X(Opoq>UA.aKTJ~, (lA.A.a. 01 (l~t(OJ.lIlttKoi tOU LcOJ.latO~, E~al"tia~ tT)~ 1ta90A.0'Y1KTJ~EJ.lJlOVTJe; rou; cn1<; «cnpattIDt1KE<; apE'tE<;», 1tEroX(lV va (l1to'tpe'l'OUV J.lta 'tE'tOta 1tPOO1tttKTJ. H XwpoqmA.a1C~ WC; TO 1940 79 2. Ilpo; Evii KalV01)py10 OpytllV10'J10. napa 'tt~ SKO'llYXpOVtO''ttKE~ 1tpoO'1ta9stS~, .0 uoj.l.a 't11~ XcopocpllAaK~~ aV'ttJ.ls't61t1~s O'o~apa 1tpO~A~J.la'ta O''t11Vccrovousoon, KllptCOC;s~at'tiac; 't11C; Ast\j1av8ptac;, rrov 1tSVlXPcOVa1tOOOXcOVKat 't11C;1l0PCPCO'ttK~C; SK1tatSSll'ttKat K~C; 0''ta9J.l11C;roo Ka'ti:O'tEpoll 1tpOO'ClmtKOU.T11V Ka'tclO"taO'11 all't~ s1tt~s~atcOvet 11 EK9w'Q (20.6. 1911) roo 'to'ts ApX11YOU 'tllC;, I1avaytcO't11 AayKA~, 0 01tOtOC; 'tOVtss ~s'ta~u aUcov: «Kur' av'tiescJtv OIlCOC;1tpOC; rc avco'tEpco (A~t{J)J.la'ttKOUC; Kat Y1ta~tCOf.la'ttKOUC;) 1tSPS't11P~911 EUSt\j1tC; roiv a1tat'tollIlEvcov ypallJ.la'ttKcOv YVcOO'scovKat 't11C;a1tapat't~'toll KaA~C; O'llJ.l1tSptcpopac; Kat ayvota rorv 0''t01XSlOOSO''tEProV Ka911KOV'tCOV'tCOVaO''tllVOlltKcOV opyavcov coC; Kat 'tCOVKaf)aproc; O''tpa't1OJ'ttKcOV 'tOtOU'tCOV,StC;'to 1tAStO"tOV'tCOVre 1tSscOVKat scpt1t1tCOV XcopocpllAaKffiV, OCPStAOV'tat OS 'tau'ta acpsvoc; usv, oton 1tpoSpx.OIlSVOt outot coC;S1tt 'to TrAStO''tOVa1to S1taYYEAlla'ta ayponKa Kat XStpCOVaK'ttKa, OSV SWt Ka'tOXOl S'ltapKIDV ypaJ.lllanKcOV YVcOO'SCOV, acpS'tEpoU OS StC; 't11V J.ltKpav J.lt0'90ooO'tav, EvsKa 't11C;o1totac; osv 1tP0O'EPxovrat 1tpOC; Ka'ta'ta~tV avopsc; J.lOpcpcOO'SCOC;, 01tSP 9a O'UVS'tEA11StC; rnv otaJ.lopcpcoO'tV ucrovourcdrv opyavcov, 1tapSXov'tcov 1tASto'tspa sXEyyua a~101tpS1tStac; Kat S1tt~OA~C;... ». Kdtto a1to coro 'to KAt!la, ysvvij911KS 11tOEa IlS'taKA11O'l1C; EV11C; ~ a1toO''toA~C;, yta 't11V opyavcoO"11 rou LcOlla'toc;. 0 1tpco9u1toupyoC; EAsU9EPlOC; BSVtSEAOC; StXS 1tPO'ct)'!11O'l11tPOC;tOUC;I'taAouc; KapaJ.l1ttVtEpoUC;, yta'tt crxsnKa 1tpoO'cpa'ta ' stxav 1ts'tUXSt O''t11V opyaV(oO'11 't11C;Kp11n~c; XcopocpuAaK~C;. 'Erot, J.lS 'to Nouo rnKA' (1911) S7tS'tpa1t11 O''t11V KU~EPVTJO'11 «... va Ils'taKaAEO'11 Eva UAAOOa1tOV (lVcO'tspov a~tffij.l.a'ttKov, uer' S1tt'tSAstOU s~ aVCO'tEpcoV Kat KU'tID'tEPCOVUAAOOa1tcOV S1ttO'l1C; a~tCOJ.lanKcOV, 1tpOC; rnv OpyclVCOO'tV 't11C; XcopocpuAaK~C;, rnv otappu91ltO'tV 't11C; StOtK~C; Kat aO''tUVOJ.ltK~C; au't~C; U1t11 SO'tac; Kat 'tOY KaVOVtO'J.lOV Kat 't11V otsU9uvO'tv 't11C;SK1tatOsuO'scoC; sv p YEVSt rou LcOJ.la'toc;». kS SK'tEASO'11 'tOU NoJ.lOU au'tou Ka'ta rc J.1EO'a 'tOU $sppouaptou 1912, Ecp9aO's O''t11VA9~va 11 t'taAtK~ opyaVIDttK~ a1toO''toA~, rnv onoic U'ltO'tsAouO'av, Ot aKoAOu9ot a~tCOj.l.anKOt rou LcOlla'toc; trov Kupaum vtEPCOV: 1. Av'ttO'uv'taYJ.la'tapX11C; Francesco dei Marchesi d' Aulisio Garigliota (ApXl1Y0C;), 2. TaYJ.la'tapX11C; Condisalvo Carlo Rode, 3. Motpapxoc; Arcangelo Lauro Kat 4. Motpapxoc; Arcangelo Mandato. H ApX11yta tOU LIDJ.la'toc; aVE'tE9'f] orov Gariglliota (21.2. 1912), 0 01tOtOC; !lEO'a 0''t0 1tPcO'to 4J.l11vO'tOU 1914 1tPO~XS11 OtaOOXtKa O''tOUC;~a9J.louc; rou Luv'taYJ.la'tapX11 xrn roo Y1toO''tpa~you. To Mdto 'tOU 1914 avavsc0911KS 11 Mvall11 't11<;t'taAtK~C; a1toO''toA~C;, ue S1ttKscpaA~C; 'tOY TaYlla'tapX11 Guido Gandini. 80 H AUAaKi] tT)e; ~tav Ilta 9aUilclata opyavooj.1EVT) XoopoCj)uAaK~, OXt Ollooe; to aUYXpovo !lC1tUVOlltKOO'rolla 1tOUa1tattouaav at 1tEptO'tcla£te;. To epyo tT)e; ItaAtKi]e; a1tootOA~e;, £~a1tla<; Kl)piooe; to)V BaAKaVtKrov 1tOA£IlOOV, U1t~P~£ ta:x,vo. H 1tprotT) tT)e; crull~oA~ U1t~P~E to B~ tT)e; 5.9. 1912 'l'ta tTl A£1toupYla to)v EK1tat8£uttKc.OV TIlT)llcltoov tOU Ic.OllatOe;, to 01t010 aVttKatEatT)C1£ to B~ tT)C;8.5. 1910 «Ilspt EK1tatO£uC1£ooe; K.A.1t. tOU TclYllatOe; XO)povallTJ XropocpUA.aK~~ ApYUPOKelO"tPOU eyKa'tEA.et'l'e 'teA.eu'ta{a 'tTJV 1tOA.TJ ''tl~ 17.00' 'tTJ~ 17-4-1941. 1:n~ 20-4-1941 0 1:'tpa'tTJYo~ TO'OA.elKOYA.oU O O'UV9TJKOA.O'YTJO'e 'tou~ repllavou~ Kat elPXtse £'to't Ilta 1tep{080~ eO'Xel'tTJ~ J.L& SOKtllama~ yta 'to 'E9v0~, a1to rnv o1toia Se 9a Il1tOpouO'av va eivat elJ.101pa 'ta AO"tuvOlltKa 1:cOlla'ta. Me'tel rnv Ka'telppeuO"T) ton Me'tcb1tou, TJ llelXTJ'tTJ~ EA.A.elSa~ O'uvexi0'9TJKe ornv Kp~'tTJ, 01tOU TJ XropocpUA.aK~ O'UIlJ.1E'teixe 't00'0 us n~ O''ta'ttKE~ Y1tTJPeO'ie~ 'tTJ~, 00'0 Kat Ile 'tTJ SUVallTJ 'tTJ~ 1:XOA.~~ XropocpUA.aK~~ Pe9uIlVOU. Ilnpd 'to SeKaTlllepo TJpo:ItKO aycOva (20/29-5-1941), 'to vTJO'i Ka'teA.~cp9TJ Kat 01 SUVelllet~ ton 1:rolla'to~ eixav va aV'tllle'tOO1tiO'o'uv 'to Ilap'tupto 'tTJ~ atXIlaA.roma~ (O''tpa't01teSo t. ((f;~alp8tt1C~v 8111 '1'OE9\lO; Jla<; n.ol£J.l.t K,11v 00 I(Wacr1av , 0 poi..oi;'tT}C; XCOpO';, T] AVatoA1K1l MaKsBovia !Cal '11 AtmlCl) 9p6.KT1 Mpaoo6Tl'csCJ:toUC; BouJ.:yaPOll~, .f:vo). 0\ rSPIlUvoilCpCtt11(JQv t"11v KpqtTI (£)(tOe; 'to Aacri91), t'Il" UWl1A~ Em.'KUplUPl,{a as 6111 't1jV EJ.J..a.oo,'tTJ 8'tcro:al.ov{Kil !Cal J.tin ~6VTJ Jilp1 t11 1JAalC~l1 llE'YaAll oolGlJ,ama. ToI:mJ,W. slC5u:bX6t)K& 1111:6n~ ~ou", 1apoKPQtoUI.l£V8~ 1t6PlOXE~, 1(11900; Kal aRo rc I6V1.a VT]014, )J£.ta tTlV 1tpocraptTJcrn tOU~ a'lto tT)V ltaA{a (1942). 0\ ItaAo{ £~a1ttA.l}O"uv s:1ti9sO'll y,a tT] 8uJ.Au01j tourIDJ.LUtOc; (01to"(pacp~8'lMO(J&mV; crovspya.crla.r;, 1tp60'!Cutpoc,; mp01tA\O'J.lOr;, e~El)tEAlal1o{,IC.a.). Tautllxpova oJ.LOO<;, iO'tav'to vea. OOK1J.laoia ano 6pyava tTlt; pOllAyapl!C"C;, pOOJ.laV1K'1i~ !Cal aA.~aVl:K~; 7tpon:ayo.voac; Kal 11 EmlvOpmcr11 tWv Y1'tT]pECfLIDYt11r; Xmpoql1.>latQV 9£1:'0. ouPiO>O'T]C; tOU K~C;,1tOU CJ1J\ltSA.Ea:911KS Ps ll&yitlEc;. OUO'lCo:Aisc;., n 100 H AO"tl)\lOjlla atT]V Ell.O.Sa £Hvou<;" Tn 3uo1tpIDta IPOV\Q tT)I'; KatoXT]<;, ta060 AO'tuVOI·nJlcuI:cilIlQtu cn:a9qxav ero 6'Voc; '[(0'01 1reptOtaa&Dv.; ( 11 "E&tEPTI; n<; ALEV96vCftl<; flP0O'Q)'it1:KOO XroPOqlUA.a1C'T).c;,E1tlj.l£ATjtetw:; lea\ EAS"(lOU Xropo4pu)..alCT]<; !Cal. AO'tpaM ta.c;, mr6 tTlv O1toia EttaTj T)8L£U8uv011 El13udj<; AmpaMlu<;. EKtO<; ti)v uva~118Jl.\G11 rou To.YllatO<; XmpoqlllAaldt, Ae".VcDV (MaKpvytllWT]) O'E }:uvtU1'fla. «AAa «~16A:o'Ya opyavrotiKullitpa osv SA.T]cp81lO'av. To .mP10 evlh.a..'PEpov tOO Yitoopyo6 EamteptKcOv O"tptlcplltCt oro MllxavoKiVT]tb TIl~J.LU tT]<; AcrtUvojlia.c; KeIl O'tllv E101KT] AO'qilil.tlQ tT)C; XropoCPUAaKT!t;, tTlv O1to(a, aipou EV(UXllO'E j.I£' XCOPD«PUAaKtC;«w:u 9TJtna<;, OOtlYT)as 'ltpo.c_; tEAOr; 't'T)<;Katoxi)" 0'& 8vepyEl£, sou oev nuououv to Icb).W.. 1£;;"\KI1 to 11 Y1tT]pecria UIJti) Kat«pyTt8T]KE, A.iyo ltPW tTJv a1tEA.ev6tproCITJ· Ano to rtAo.c;. rou 1943, napl1AA.n)..a jJ£ to J.1Eyaui.o tll<; S9V1KT]r;. (1vnO'tI101)<;, £1l'Pa.v{~ovw.\ Ka\ ta 1tpQ>tQ Cf1tSPllata tOO EflrpU).{OU, crov osoto to Imlla EiXE to 011(01'OU IJ8Ptl1c6 aiflUtoC;. H vEa KatamaO'T) Eittpal.e: ttl a6fl1ttU~1J 1'0>'01 Y1t11PEO'tcOV Xcopo«puwlCi)r; cn:a J1E'YaA.UtSpa acu:1.1CD.dvtpo. Tnv U;Ul Op.ct>t:;cm'Yfli), to llillB 81tPE1tE va E'ltCIVOPcOGEl n.c_; Y!nl1Pe:aie, tWV Ioviov VtlO'(lW, J.1Eto. 'tfJouv9T)KoMYl1O'T) Troy Itcdcilv (Il~pl.o~ 1943). Ita 1tpO~Atlllata auto. npoO'tt8T]K6Kal EKEivo Mt"aySpta.~, 1tapa tl~ npOO1tlteEU:~ eou TapouAUpT), a'!lou 1.000 1ttpi1tou nvSpE.c; etxav 1tpoO'XroPT]0'£1 O'nc; ~uv6:PEtl;; t111;; tevllcij~avrimttO'TJ1;;; OJJ.m 'foam dXav 7t6pO..O'£t 0'111 MsO'T) AvatoA..n, ittlpa 1toAloi dxav Q1tompatEuHei jJ.E't'G. TI]v apVna1ltOor; va lJ1to'YPu'Vouv Bl1MDCl'E1C; 'uVEp'Yaoiw; JlE fOUr; Italooc;, e:vcl> 41101 eflav O A11tOtaK't'iJcn:t. 'EtO'l npor; to tEAO<; t11~ Katox~c;, 11 6Uvalln tTIr; Xmpocpu).u. Kit<;, 00"'11 tSAUCUjJ.5tU nr; 8taOoIl1CeC; c:ruflrtro~El~ O'\1'Y1C£VtpO)9T]KErtT]V A9T]va c ° t11' H ml'YXPovlj' Xmpo. ME'tE~ll ernv AKp01tOA.ll, 01tOU SYlVE 11 S1tapO'll 'tll~ O'lllJ.aia~, O''tTI (Jl)VEXEla O''tll Mll'tP61tOA.ll Yla aOS0A.oy{a Kal 'tSA.O~ O''t11V 1tA.a'tEia },;uV'ta.YlJ.a'to~, 01tOU 0 1tpm6U1toupyo~ 1J.1A.cOv'ta~O'E 0YKOOall O'U-yKEV'tPCOO'll at U1tO 'to KAiJ,la 'tll~ E1tlKpEJ,laJ.1Evll~ EIJ.T1ltU tTl B6ptta EA.)..aOa, &nou; ton: t>1t1lPXE dvouvo~ tTJC;EeV1K~t; U1CSpaLbnlTUt;. Ttn tl} VOJ.llJ101Wi,,1l'11 tCOV puflJliO'&CJ;)v aumv£1CMS"IC& 0 AN 215 'TOU 1945. «n£pi 1tpo~rop\Vftc; Qva9&O;'sm; &1C; 'tTJV E9voq:II.)AaK~v lCa9t]ICoV't'cov xm ttPjlO810nltOJV Xropoq:mAaK1lg). H enov£'Y'CGtaO'Tao" troY Y1tf1PS0'1.0V 'T01) ~atoc;, .jJS 6l.s;. 1lC; a\lT1~obt-nu':;J((l.l eJ...,.e.hVta;, sixs ) OX&86v OAOxA11ProSei Kata to. pSoa. AuyoUo-tou [945 Kal" ({E9vocpulaK"li}) 8la't'axe,,1C& va n:apa&i;>oEl en Ka{l~KoV't'a '"Ie; 0"t"T1XwpoqJOA.a1t1l Ilft6 15-91945. QVaA.a:l1pltvoV't'ac; '!tAtev 'tTJ.IflPOVP11OT1 troy cnJv6pmv. rUI tTJ J.1tto~ipu0'11 0:Cf1crJO'TJ!) tmv IlCJWVOjllXtl>V KaOllK6VtEK, A', 104) a1tEVEIl~911 O'tO l:uvt'a'Ylla A911VOOV11 1tpO~AE1tOJ.LEV11 tl<; 'Y1a 'EV01tAE<;~uvaIlEl<; 1tOAElllK~ CJ'Illlaia. MEta t11 A.~~11 tOU EIlCPUA.\OU1tOA.EIlOU 11 XcopocpUA.aK~ tiXE 1tpa'Yllatl ava'YK11 avaSl0P'YavcoO'11<;, 1tPOKE1J.LEVOU acpEVo<;va E1tlMO'El tn EO'COtEplKa tl1<; 1tpO~A.~llata xm acpEtEpOU va aVta1tOKp19Ei O'tl<; a1talt~O'El<; t11<; E1P11VlK~<; 1tEP1Mou 1tOU ~S11 EiXE apxiO'El. 0 OP'YaVlO'llo<; tOU 1935, 1tOU 9ECOP11tlKa lO'XUE aKoll11, BiXE SEX9Ei tp01t01tOl~O'El<; a1to 57 O'uvOA.1Ka VOIl09Et~llata, ooCTtEKavEi<; SE 'YVOOPl~E ~E~al0t11ta t1 iO'XUEO'EKa9E 1tEpi1ttCOO'11.Katco a1to IlE t11V aJ.LEO'111tiEO'11 t11<; 1tpa'Yllat1KOt11tO<; EK1tOv~911KE O'XES10 VEOU OP'YaV10'1l0U, to ozoio 'l'11CPi0'911KEa1to t11 BouA.~ (N~ 3365/1955 «Ilspi KooS1KO<; tOU l:OOllato<; t11<;EA.A.11V1K~<; XcopocpUA.aK~<;», a>EK, A' 257) Kal a1tEtEA.EO'E B. t11 ~aO'11 opyavcoO'11<; t11<;O'UyXPOVTJ<; copocpUA.aK~<;. X o KCOdIKat; fOV 1955. VEO<; OP'Yav10'Ilo<; - KooS1Ka<; ~A.9E va SOOO'EltEA.O<; O't11 VOIl09EtlK~ O'u'YX10'11'Yupco a1to t11V a1toCTtoA.~, to xapaKt~pa Kal t11 AEltOUP'Yia tOU l:OOllato<; (Kat~p'Y11O'E 361tp05cplO'taJ.LEVa VOIl09Et~llata). fIpa'Yllatl, IlE autov 11XcopocpUA.aK~ a1tOKtOuO'E Eva VOIl09Et11lla tEtOla<; aUtOtEA.Ela<;, O'acp~VEla<; Kat EKtaO'11<;, to oxoio SEV eSlvE a1tA.Q MO'11 O'E O'Elpa 1tpO~A.11llatCOV, aA.A.a E9EtE xnt n<; ~aO'El<; IllO<; O'o~apotEp11<; 1tpOO1ttlK~<; 'Y1a t11V El~lSiKEUO'11 tOU aO'tUVOlllKOU EP'YOU, crullCPcova IlE tl<; a1talt~O'El<; tCOV KalpOOv. 0 KooS1Ka<; a1tOtEAEito a1to 1tEvt'E IlEP11"(oP'Yav10'Ilo<;, 1tpoa'Yco'Ye<;, KataCTtaO'11 1tPOO'C01t1KOU, 1tE19apX1Ko SiKalo, J.LEta~atlKE<; Slata~El<;) xm iO'XUO'E, IlEta a1to Ka1t01E<; tp01t01tOl~O'El<;, co<;t11V Evo1toi11O'11 tCOVSuo AO'tUVOlllKOOVl:collatCOv. o H aUyXPovTJ XmpoqlUA.aK~ 105 To 10 ap9po 1tpOaBU)pl~E aacpcOC; to xapaKtTJpa Kal tTJv a1toatoA.TJ tOU l:cOj.1atoc;, j.1Eta 'tTJ 9&aj.1lKTJ; j.1Eta~oA.TJ tOU 1945. l:uj.1cpmva j.1E aUto vop.ia O't11vEllaoa APXTJYEio p.e OA.E<; <; A VCil'tEPE<; n L\totKijO'Et<;, aJJ.ci Kai ciA.A.t<; 1top.ovc.op.iVE<; a Y1tT)pEO'iE<;.ItT) O'UvEXEta EYKataO'fci9T)KE 0 Pa~toO'ta9p.o<; BciO'T)<;lcipvT)9a<;, l 1tOUE1tEtPE'I'E tT) ~T)p.toupyia tT)A.E1ttKOtvc.ovtaKcDvKEvtpc.ov Kat tT) A.tttoupyia ooupp.ato!popc.ov p.ovci~c.ov autOKtv";tc.oV Kat p.OtOO'1WtcDV, 1tOU 1tapaXcDpT)onv apxtKci oi Aueprccvoi, rev 1tpcDtc.oV ~T)A.a~"; p.ovci~c.ov J\P.EO'T)~ E1tEp.~aO'T)<;. To 1960 t~pu9T)KE yta ta Ilpocorsic tT)<; A9";va<; to KEVtpO J\p.e0'T)<; E1tEp.~aO'T)<; Auapoootou Kat tE9T)KaV O'tT) ~tci9EO'T) tOU KOtVOU 3 fT)A.E!pc.ova(101 - 379, 010 - 621, 010 - 645), 1tOUapyOtEpa avttKataO'tci9T)Kav us to xapaKtT)ptO'ftKO apt9p.o 109. E vYXPo'V11 t5ui.p()pWUT/. ItT) O'UvEXEta, O'T)p.avttKO ~";p.a 1tpo<; tOV EKcroyXPOVtO'p.o fT)<;Xc.opo!pUA.aK";<; U1t";P~E Kat 0 AN 322 tOU 1968, p.e tOV onoio Evo1tot";9T)KaV ta Mo E1ttttAEia tOU l:cDp.ato<;, exaivou tOU APXT)YEiou Kat exeivou O'fO Ynoopjeio 1tA.EOV (a1tO to 1964) L\T)p.oma<; Tci~T)<;. llapaAA.T)A.a ava~tap9pcD9T)KE T) AAX llpcotEUOUO'T)<;, T) onoic p.EtOVOP.cia9T)KE O'E Attu9uvO'T) AO'fuvop.ia<; IIpoaO'tEic.ov llpc.otEUOUO'T)<;.Avr] rev fEVtKcDV AtEU9uvO'Ec.oVXc.opo!pUA.aK";<;Kat Aorwouia; K.A.1t.opyavcD9T)KE O'tO Yaoopjsio OA.tyop.eA.E<; tKtO E1tttEA.tiO, M a1tO ta IcDp.ata tT)<;Xc.opo!pUA.aKtl<;Kat AO'fuvop.ia<; llOA.tc.ov, to IlopoofieonK6 IcDp.a Kal n<; ciA.A.t<;Y1tT)PEO'it<; tOU Ynoupvsiou, To E1tttEA.tiO tOU APXT)YEiou ~taKpi9T)KE O'E Mo tOp.Ei<;: (a) Itov top.Ea tT)<; ~totKT)ttK";<; U1toO't";Pt~T)<;, l>1tOtOV A' Y1tapxTJYo, ue AtEU9uvO'Et<; Opycivc.oO'T)<;,llPOO'C01ttKOU, EK1tai~El>O'T)<;,ItpatoA.oyia<;, TEXvtKcDVY1tT)pEmcDv Kal OtKOVOP.lKOU. ItT) L\tEu9uvO'T) Opycivc.oO'T)<;u1tciyovtav Kat tn Tp.tlp.ata MT)xavoypa!ptKtl<; Y1tT)PEaia<; xm AT)p.oaic.ov IXEO'Ec.oV,a1tO ta O1toia to tEA£uta{o ava~a9p.i0'9T)KE to 1980, O'E Y1tT)pEO'ia AT)p.oaic.ov IXEO'Ec.oV(E~OP.OtOup.evT) us Y 1to~tEu9uvO'T)). (~) Itov top.ta tT)<; tci~T)<; Kat OO!pciA.Eta<;, U1tO tOV B' Y1tapXT)Yo, us AtEU9uvO'Et<; AO'fuvop.ia<; - AO'!paA.Eia<;, Aorovoule; Tooptouoo, AO'tuvop.ia<; Tpoxaia<; Kat EO'c.otEptKcDv AEttOUpytcDV (O'E auttlv u1tayotav Kat to Tu1toypa!ptio tOU IcDp.ato<;). A1tEu9Eia<;·O'tov ApXTJYO u1tciyovtav T) AtEU9uvO'T) AO'!paA.da<; Y'I'T)A.cDV llPOO'cD1tc.oV,to poupapxtio BOUA.tl<;,to I'pueelo AO'!paA.tia<; tOU llpc.o9u1toupyou, to EA.EyKttlPtO Aa1taVcDV, to lloA.uiatpEio Xc.opo!pUA.aKtl<;A9T)VcDV, T) fEvtKtl OtKOVOP.tKij Em9EcDpT)0'T), T) fEVtK"; A1t09tlKT), T) fEVtK"; E1t01ttEia Ayopavop.ia<;, oi IX0A.E<; A~tc.op.attKcDV xm 01tA.ttcDV, to poupapxtio Xc.opo!pUA.aKtl<; A9TjVcDV, to IUvtayp.a Xc.opo!pUA.aKtl<; A9T)VcDV (TEXVtKE<; Y1tT)pEO'iE<;,'OPXo<; OXT)p.citc.ov, Ioropixc Moueelo l:cDp.ato<;), T) AtaXEiptO'T) Xpnucnxoe, to Tu1toypa!pEio, to l~pup.a llat~tKcDV ~OXcDV, 01 L\lEl>9uvO'Et<; 109 Amuvo).llae; Ilpoccreiev llpco't&UOUO;'11C;xut 0&0'0'aAovlK11e; (O''tte; 01tOl&e; U1t~Xe11O'av avu ).lia Y1tOS/vO'11 M11xaV01C\V~'t(J)v Movuo(J)v) Kat 13 AVcO't&p;£e; Ato\K~O'£te; Xcopoq)uAaK~e; (1tpOO'£'tee11 11 AAX ll£tpatcOe; Kat Nnomv). TeAOe;, U1tO 't'11 At£u9uvO'11 AO''tllVO).llae; Ilpoucreiev llpco't£UOUO'11e;, AertoupY11crav 9 Amllvo~nKee; Y1tootw9uvO'£te; (Ay. IIapa01C£ll~e;, AYlcov Avapyupcov, AtyuAe(J), lAucpuoac;, EAeuO'lvae;, K11CPtmae;, Kopomiou, Neae; lcoviac; Kat XaAavopioll), avu ).lia Y1tOSt£U911VO'11 AmpUA£We;. J\).l£0'11e; E1tE).l~acr11e;, Tpoxaiae;, Ayopavolllae; Kat TouptmtK~e; AO"tuVOlliae; Kat 'to Ksvrpo AAAO&l1tcOV; Ilpouctskov. . I:ne; 31.12.1982, 11 opyaVtK~ Mvall11 .11e; XCOPOCPUACLK~C; eVO''toAo 0'& 1tPOO'C01t1KO,aV£PX0'tav 0'£ 26.067 u'tolla xnt 11 U1tUPxouO'Q 0'£ 25.147, am) rn onoin 'ta 938 YllvalK£e;. Ta 't£A£u'taia 50 xpoV\a 11 opyaVtK~ Ot)va).l11 rou I:cO).la'toe; ota).lOpcproe11K£ OX; £~~C;: BaOpoi 1935 1948 1955 1983 A~tcoJ.1an KOl 662 1.397 1.463 2.175 2.450 4.578 4.530 4.952 Av9/0''tEe; - Y1ta~/Kol XcopocpuAaK£e; 18.940 11.920 16.025 15.670 I:uVOAO 21.663 26.067 15.032 22.000 IIapuAA11Aa J.1£ 'tte; opyavco'ttKEe; 1l£'ta~oAee; Eywav Kat UAAa O'11J.1aVn1CU ~~Ila'ta £KO'U'YXPOV\O').lOU'tOU I:cO).la'toe;. Ka9t&pm911K;& svtaic O''tOA~ yta a~t(J)J.1anK06e; Kat 01tAi't£C;, £to'~x911 0 9£0'1l6C; 'tOW YllVatKcOV aO''tuVOJ.1tKcOV, opyavc09rtK£ 11M11xavoypacptK~ Kat 11Yy£tOVOJ.1tK~ Y1t11p£cr1a. (IIoAuia.'tpe{a Ae11VcOV Kat 0&0'0'aAoviK11e;), ava~aaJ.1iO'a11Kav 01 T£xV1KEe; Y1t11p£O'i£e;, ~£Anc0911Kav 11 £K1taioEUCJTJ 'tOU 1tpOO'C01t\KOU(apXtO'£ 11 cruv£K1taio£uO'11 1tPOcrC01t1KOU Aorovoulc; Kat X(J)pocpUAaK~C;), oi £1t1K01VCOv1£e; 0 O''tOAOe; Kat 0X11IlU't(J)V Kat ava1tWxe11K£ 0 'tOJ.1eae; 'tcov o'l1lloO'icov O'XEO'£(J)V(to 1970 £Koo911K£ 'to J.111V\aio 1t£P100tKO «Em9&cOP110;'11 XcopocpuAaK~C;», K.A.n.). I:'to 'tEAOe; 't1le; o&Ka;&'tiac; rou 1970 'ta 060 AO''tllVOJ.1t1CU I:OOJ.1a'tCL, OtapKOOe; EKcrU'YXpOVt~O).lEVa,eixuv 'tam;oCJTJ!!11 a1tocr'toA~. MoVaOtKee; otacpopee; 'toue; ~'tav ot otacpops't\KEe; cr'tOAf.C;Kat 11 cr'tpa'tt(J)nK~ tOto't11'ta roo 1tPOcrC01ttKOU 't11C;X(J)pocpuAaK~C;. J\V01YE 1tAEOV0 Op0J.10C;yta t11V £vo1toi11O'~ 'touC;. ,------------------- ----~------------------------------------------------------------------------, unllPEoniJv XwpOyaVIDO'TJtIDV aO'tOVOJ.1tKrov 1tpaYJ.1atIDVO'tTJVxropa. MSta~u tIDV aAAIDv, SASYS: «....H a1toO'toA~ sups tTJV XIDpocpoAaK~v s~aO'KouO'av Kat tTJV Acruvouiuv tOO Kpdtouc. At 060 a6tat o1tTJPsO'iat stoiv avt{8stot, Mva"tui tt<; va si1tTJ. H 1tprotTJ a1tattsi, iva to l:roJ.1a EXSt O'tpattrottK~V tot6tTJta, Ka9' 0 orpcnemxov, auO'tTJPav 1tst9apxiav, SK1tA~proO'tV IDptO'J.1EVIDVa9TJK6V'CIDV,01tOXPSroO'EIDV 1tapaO'tamv a~tOK Kat 1tpS1t~, roatE va Kaetatatat ata9TJt~, O's~aO't~ Kat S1tt~aAAooO'a TJ1tapooO'ia tIDV opyavrov aotou. «H OEOtEpa a1tatts{ EOKaJ.l.'IIiav EV tat<; otacp6pot<; U1tTJPEO'taKai<;1tSptO'ta.(TSCrt, 1tpocrtPt~~V troy opyavIDv tTJ<; J.1Sta. OtacpopIDv O'totXSiIDV,roO'tS va O'1tooM~TJ tauta Kat va KaatO'ta 50vat~v tTJV 1tp6ATJ'IItV aOtKTJJlatIDV SK J.1EpOO<; trov,sicrooov rev opjnvrov tTJ<;, avaA.6yro<; tIDV 1tsptO'taO'SIDV, Et<; ta. KatrotSpa KOtvroVtKa crtproJ.1ata, EK1tA~proO'tV 1tOAA.aKt<;EK J.1&POO;<; aOtrov, Ka9T]KOV'CIDVaO'OJ.1~t~aO'tIDV J.1StTJV :EtpattrottK~V tOtotTJta, Kat 1tAStO'ta aAA.a, anva xropi~ooO'tV St<; a1t60'taO'tv ta<; o1tTJPsO"iae;autae;, usioeot BE Kat Kata 1toM rnv 9Emv tTJe; XropocpoAaK~e;, roe;l:tpattrottKOu :EroJ.1a'toe;. «Tourou EvsKa, seocov to Kpcro; osv 1tpo~aivst Ete; O'uO'tamv Bla tae; J.UlyaAae; 1t6Aste; autou, tOtattEpOu AO'tUVOJltKOU:EroJ.1atoe;, J.1E tTJV a1tapaitTJtOY 1tpooo09sO'tv tTJe; O'uO'taO'sroe; AO'tUVOJ.1tK~e;O'xoA~e;, Ota til KatrotSpa opya.va, tTJe; scp' IDptO'JlEVOVxpovova1toO'toA~e; tIDV avrotEpIDV opyavrov Ete; tTJV Eupdnmv, 61tIDe;SK tOI) O'uvsyyue; 1tapaKoAou9~0'0uv tae; 1tpOOOOUe;tTJe; aO'tUVOJ.1tK~e;u1tTJPsO'iae;, aYOJ.1EVTJ<;, Mvatai tte; va &i1tTJ;,Ete; E1tuff1tJ.111V,TJ A1toO'toM 1tapaKaAsl va tTt E1tttpa1t~ Kat va EXTJ tTJV yvroJ.1TJV,Ott OSV 112 Mvatai 't'l~ va a~lCi>CJTJ,EV op900 BlKaiO) 1..6yO), O)~ EK 'tTJ~ 01t0 too l:oojJatO~ tT)~ XO)pocpOA.aK~~ amc~O'Eo)~ AO''tl)vOjJlru;, O)~ E~ooaia~, 01tOO~to l:oojJa tOUtO, to Kat01t't'pi~ov El~ aA.A.a Kpa'tTJ rnv IIOA.ltElaK~V KataO'taO'LV, ax9~ El~ 'tTJV EjJ1tp£rtOoO'av 9Emv, El~ ~V Kal ~Xa" El~ aOta, XapLV atrrt1~ ta&tT;)~ 'tTJ~ IIOA.lt€la~~ KataO"t'aO'Eo)~. «DoBE Kal CPPovEi E~ aA.A.OOT) A1toO'toA.~, on to Kprro; MVatal va EXT) EV 'tTJ tOlaUtT) EVOOO'Eltov 01tT)PEO'lcOV, eO'to) Kal E01tPOO'o)1tOV XO)poqll)A.aK~V ~ t Aerovoutcv, EV to) lBlaltepO) EKatEpa~ KUKA.ro. <jJuAOV, uO'tOVOJ.llK~~ crov9£O'Eo)~ ajJE96000 EV 1toA.A.o(~ xm UVE1tlO'tT)J.llaKOU Kal 000 OlaPK"; E1tl~OA~V O'tpatlrottKOU VOJ.lOO,BlEt£AEl T) IIprotEuooO'a tT)~ J.lEt~OVO~ EAl..aoo~, Katll tT)V A~~lV tOO EopO>1taiKOU 1tOA.E:jJOO. «Ot opot rov EoaqnKcOv EKtaO'Eo)v xm tT)~ T)9tK~~ tcrxUO~, 01tayopwav El~ rnv KO~epVT)O'lv tnv avayKT)V J.lOpcprocrEo)~ ElOlKOU AO'tOV0J.llKOU l:roJ.lUtO~, EmcrrT)J.lOVlKcO~ O'O"/KPOtT)jJ£VOO. Duto), Ola 1tpOO'O>1tlK~~ E1tl~OA~~ tOO EAE09. &Vl;~E:A.oO, a1tEJ.lato~ tT)~ AcrrovoJ.lia~ IIoAEo)v ... ». . H A01uV0),11a IIoA:Eo>.v 113 E~ u:).).ou, 0 lwawTle; No.OKOC;, 'to ApXllyoe; 'tT]C;Ao'tuvo),1iu,C; nOABOlV, 1tpOf;PX0j.1£VOC; K IlEt'Uto.~E({)~ ano to LOOIlU'tTl') X({)PCiq:iUAd.-K~C;! 'tTl~ iOla E yUi E'ltOXti eyparpE: Iwt:aotaO'lC; aUt'l, lO'roe; va 1.lT] ErivEt'O uvnA.tl1r!~, EtC; 'rae; IllKpac;·-. &1tUPXtUKo.C; AW;;. KUlt1]V lrn(u8pov. dev ouve~Tl OJ.lOXito auto Kal EtC;ta no ' J.lElUAa lEVU,roc; aO'HKU KEVt'pa, EtC; re osoic, KatOm v OUI-J:rtA.ll proO'Eroc; rov Oto. VEOll7tA.llHu(fIlOU, npoEpxo~VOu £K rs troy nClAat¢V Kal rev ve({)v E1tapxufw tOU Kp6.tbUC;, eOT]l.HoupyOUVt'o VEal O'uvHipcat. Kata tabta rc ~T]n1.!.la'to.:'tTl'). O~J.lO(JLac;o.:mp.aA.eiac; Ko.:\'tT]C;'t01tUC11C; AcrtUVOll-lCIc;E1tEpaAAOv a:o~a.ptu; u1taa:xoAija:El<;;EtC;'tllV OA.T]V OtOlKfjO'tV Kell low.ttiproc; etC; rnv aptijv, 1] onoiu siXt (lvO:AciP£l 'tt]vEK 203), 1t01) ICupro9T]1Ce.!lE to N. 1587(EK 258) Ka90piO"t11KE on j.LiXPl t11 _ O"U,,(KPOtTJO"11 E1SlKOUAO"tUVOj.L1KOU Imj.Lato~, «. ..a1taVta EV "(iVEl ta ncruvoj.L1KaKa9~KOvta (O"Uj.L1tEplAaJl~avoj.LiV11~ tTJ~ EKtEAEO"Tl~ Kat KataSlCOKnKmv - E"("(paq>cov)EV tal~ 1tOAEO"lV A911vmv Kal IIElpatr.O<; 9iAOUO"l E~aKOA.ou9E{ va &~a"(c.ovtal ~h A~1Q)JlanKmv Kat avlipmv tTJ~ Xcopoq)UAaK~~ ... » ME to ilil0 liE Slata"(j.La, E~aO"(paAiO"tTJKEto a~ta9EtO tOU U1tO liOKlj.L~ 1tPOO"C01t1KOU al K pu9j.LiO"t11KUV 9iJlata O"tpatCOV10"j.LOU, KaVOV10"Jlrov,O"tOA~~, E~aptUO"Tl~ K.A1t. H 'ESpa t11~ A1tOcrtOAi)~, ~tav to KtiP10 tTJ~ Y1t11pEaia~ KataSlcoS11~ (AO"q>aAEla) ornv oM M. BOlia. 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