&
()
3:
32
555
1
3.4
3.5 -
1. . -
f(x)dx 0 .
2. .
2xdx x 2 1 0 1
2xdx x 2 1 2 1 1 .
0
3. f [,] .
4.
.
f (x)dx f() f()
f (x)dx f () f ()
5. f ,g [,] f(x) g(x) ,
f(x)dx g(x)dx .
: ( )
f(x) g(x) 0 f(x) g(x) .
f(x) g(x) dx 0 f(x)dx g(x)dx 0 f(x)dx g(x)dx .
6.
f(x)dx
f
f.
.
f(x)dx f(t)dt f(y)dy .
7.
f 1 (x)dx
f(x)dx .
f f 1
: x f u (1), dx f (u)du (2).
u1 u 2 (3), u1 u 2 f(u 1 ) f(u 2 ) f
1-1.
:
-1-
2012-2013
f 1 f
: x f 1 (v) (1), dx f 1 (v)dv (2).
v 1 v 2 (3), v 1 v 2 f 1 (v1 ) f 1 (v 2 ) f 1 1-1.
:
f 1 (x)dx f(x) x 5 x 3 .
f(u) x (1) dx f(u)du (2)
f(u) 0 f(u) 2 .
f(u) 0 u 5 u 3 0 u 3 (u 2 1) 0 u 3 0 u 0 f(u) 2 u 5 u 3 2
u =1 f 1-1.
u1 0 u 2 1 (3)
(1),(2),(3) :
2
1
1
1
19
1
1
4
2
0 f (x)dx 0 f f(u) f(u)du 0 u f(u)du 0 u (5u 3u )du 12 .
. [ ]
f(x)dx F(x)dx F(x) F() F()
. :
f(x)g(x)dx f(x)g(x) f(x)g (x)dx ,
f , g .
:
i)
P(x)e x dx , P(x) x , * .
iii)
iv)
ii)
v)
vi)
P(x)(x )dx , P(x) x , * .
P(x)(x )dx , P(x) x , * .
P(x)ln(x )dx , P(x) x , * , x 0 .
e x (x )dx , , * , .
e x (x )dx , , * , .
-2-
2012-2013
, :
[1]
[2]
e x
(x ) (x )
[3]
P(x) ()
[4]
ln(f(x))
1
x
, .
, :
P(x)e x dx
P(x) 0
, ,
.
P(x)(x )dx
P(x) 0
, ,
P(x) 0
, 2 ,
,
I.
P(x)(x )dx
P(x)ln(x )dx
I e x (x )dx
I e x (x )dx
, ,
I.
P(x)
dx
(x )
2
P(x) 1 0
P(x)
dx
(x )
, 1 ,
1
.
2
x
1
.
x
2
, :
) ,
) .
:
-3-
2012-2013
f g(x) g(x)dx
f g(x) g(x)dx
u2
u1
f(u)du ,
f,g , u g(x), du g(x)dx u1 g(), u 2 g() .
, [
3, 31] u f(x) .
*******
.
P(x)
dx , Q(x)
:
[1] P(x) Q(x) , ,
Q(x)
dx ln Q(x) .
u Q(x)
Q(x)
[2] , , P(x) Q(x) ,
) < :
Q(x) x
(x ) , N * x 2 x 2 4 0 .
P(x)
Q(x)
:
x
A
.
x
(x ) :
A
A1
A2
.
...
(x )
x (x ) 2
x 2 x
Ax B
.
x 2 x
, .
:
x
3
2
x3 x 2
2
3
2
2
3
(x 1)(x 2) (x x 2) x 1 x 2 (x 2) (x 2) x x 2
, [1].
:
-4-
2012-2013
) :
P(x) : Q(x) : P(x) Q(x) (x) (x) ,
(x), (x) , , (x) <
Q(x) .
P(x)
(x)
dx , dx (x)dx
:
Q(x)
Q(x)
.
. :
f(e x , e x )dx .
u e x , x ln u, du e xdx .
.
u x ,
x :
xdx,
2 1
: 2
x xdx,
2 1
x
dx .
x
du xdx .
x 2 x x (1 2 x) x x
:
u x
xdx
du x
x
1
dx
du ln u
x
u
1
dx
u x
du x
x
x
1
dx
dx
du ... ( )
2
2
x
1 x
1 u2
u x ,
x :
2 1
x
2 1
2 1
xdx,
xdx,
x dx .
du xdx .
: 2 1 x 2 x x (1 2 x) x x
:
u x
du x
x
x
1
1
dx
dx
dx
du ... ( )
x
2 x
1 2 x
1 u 2
1 2x
1 2x
2
, x
,
2
2
x x .
2
: x
2
1
x 1 2 x (x)
: 2 x 2 x 1
2 x 1 1 ( x)
2 x
-5-
2012-2013
.:
1
1
1 2x
dx x 2x ...
2
2
4
1
1 2x
2
xdx 2 dx 4 (1 22x 2x)dx ...
2 xdx
f(x, x , x ,...)dx
x dx
dx
...(,,...)
u x
u x
u x
f(x, 2 2x 2 )dx
u ,
2 2
f(x, 2 x 2 2 )dx
u ,0 u 0,
2
2
f(x, 2x 2 2 )dx
u ,
2 2
.
I ( I 1 , I 2 ,... ).
I f (x)dx .
() I , I 1 , I 2 , ... ( ). ,
(
) I0 , I1 , I2 .
. :
) I (ln x)dx (x)(ln x) dx x(ln x) (ln x) 1dx x(ln x) 1 ...
(x)
I (x) dx (x)
xdx (x)
(1 x)dx (x)
2
(1 x 1)dx
dx (x)
(x) dx 2
u x
du (x) dx
...
-6-
2012-2013
1.
f(t)dt 2 f(t)dt f :
0
f :
f(t)dt 0
2.
f [,]
3.
f [,] . :
m, : m( ) f(x)dx ( ) .
i)
ii) (,) :
4.
f(x)dx f(x)dx .
x [,]
f(x)dx f()( ) .
f(x)dx 0
x 0 (,) f(x 0 ) 0 [ < = ].
5.
f(x)dx f(x)dx , x1 (,) x 2 ( , ) , x1 x 2 ,
f(x1 ) f(x 2 ) .
6.
f f(x)dx= f(x)dx, :
7.
: f(x)dx 0,
f(x)dx= f(x)dx .
f(x)dx 0 ,
x 0 (, ) f(x 0 ) 0 .
1
1 1 2
f (x)dx x f(x)dx .
0
3 0
8.
[0,1] , :
9.
[0,1] :
f(x)xdx f(x)xdx 0 .
0
3
: f 2 (x)dx .
0
2
10. (i). ( Cauchy Schwarz Buniakowsky)
f, g [,] , :
1
f(x)g(x)dx
f (x)dx g (x)dx f(x)g(x)dx
2
(ii) f : [0,1] .
f 2 (x)dx g 2 (x)dx
f(x)dx
f 2 (x)dx
0
11. f , g , : f(t)g(x)dx dt= f(t)g(x)dt dx. .
12. f f(x) 0 x .
:
i)
-1
f(x)dx f(x)dx
ii)
f(x)dx f(x)dx.
13. f [3,4] 1 f(x) 2 x [3,4]
4
2
f (x)dx=4, f(x)dx 2 .
-7-
2012-2013
[1-4 333 1-4,6 7-12 338-340]
1.
, , :
)
xdx
x 3dx
2
( 1)
( 1)
[ : 1 2 ..
13 2 3 .. 3
]
2
2
[]
1 x dx
2
2.
3.
3
0
4.
5.
6.
)
)
)
4
0
14
x dx
3x 2 x x dx
[ 2, 5, 10, 31]
x 1 2 x dx )
1
dx
xx
1 ln x
dx
x2
1 x
dx
ex
6
0
1
dx
x2
18 x xdx
3 2 e x dx
x xx dx
3 x 2 x 2
dx
2 x
18 x 1 x dx
6
0
6
0
x x dx
3
0
4 x 4 x
dx
2 x 2 x
2
0
e x x x dx
2
0
x xx
dx .
2 x
[ ]
1
7.
8.
(3x
9.
10. )
13. )
14. )
11. )
12. )
15. )
x 2 e 2xdx
x)( 2x)dx )
x
1
e x 3x 1 dx
e 2x2xdx
lnxdx
x ln 3x 4 dx
ln x x 2 1 dx
xe x lnxdx
ln xdx
x 1
dx
ex
3x e xdx
2x(3x 1)dx
(x
e x xdx
x 2xdx
ln 2x 3 dx
x ln x 1 dx
2)4xdx
e x2xdx
ln 2 2x 1 dx
ln 2 x
ln x
dx
x2
x x
dx
ex
e 2x 2x 3x dx
ln 5x ln 8x dx
dx
dx
x 2 ln 3x dx
-8-
lnx
2 x xdx
ln x x 2 9 dx
ln x 1dx
x 2(3x)dx
2012-2013
[ ]
16. f f [,] f() f() . :
xf (x)dx f () f () .
17. f g f (x) g(x) R. :
f() f() g() g() 0 , :
f (x)g(x)dx f(x)g(x)dx .
18. f [0,1] : f (0) f (1) 0 .
1
: f (x)2 f (x)f (x) dx .
19. f 0, f (0) 3 . 2
2
0
f (x)x f (x)x .
20. f f [0,1] f(1) f (1) 2 f(0) 0 , 1
: J x 3 f (x 2 )dx .
0
21. f [0,1] f(0) f(1) 0 . 1
1 f(x) f (x)
dx .
: f(x) f (x) e xdx, J
0
0
ex
22. f f :
2
0
f(x) f (x) xdx 2 .
f 1 f (0) .
2
23. f f R . C f
x1 x 2 xx 135, -
: f (x) f (x) dx .
[ ]
)
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
f g(x) g(x)dx
x x 2 1 dx
x3
2
6x
dx
5
x 1
x 2 2x 3
dx
xdx
x
x2 1
g( )
)
)
)
f(u)du . : u g(x) .
10
x 2 x 3 1 dx
e4
1 ln x
3 x ln x
1
ex 1 ex
dx
dx
1 x
2 x dx
e ln x
dx
)
1
x
dx
g()
4
0
2e
2e
2e
)
)
)
1
dx
x ln 3 x
x ln(x 2 1)dx
x2
2 x3
dx
x3 1 1
dx
x3 x4
x
e x e dx
-9-
2012-2013
29.
30.
)
)
6
0
1 x x x dx
x2
31.
32.
33.
35.
36.
37.
ln x
dx
x
f(x)xdx
x
dx
1 2x
2x x
dx
1 2x
x
dx
2 x
41.
42.
e x
dx
dx
1
dx
x ln x
3 ln x
dx
x
1
dx
x ln 2 x
2e
dx
x ln(x)dx
3 xdx
1 x x dx
2 x
3 xdx
2xx
dx
2 x x 12
x 2 2x 1 3 dx
)
Px
Qx
x1
dx
2
x 2x 7
1
dx
2
x 1
2x 2 3
3x 1
)
)
dx
x
dx
x x 12
x e xdx
1 x
dx
2 x
3xe 3xdx
u x .
3x 2
dx
2
3x 4x 2
x2
dx
2
x 6x 7
3x 7
dx
x 4x 4
3 x 1
dx
x3 1
1 ln x
dx
x
x 2
1
3x 1dx
dx .
x
dx
ln x
ln ln x
dx
x ln x
e2
x2
ln x 1
dx
x
f P(x),(x ) dx , , P(x) .
f(x)xdx . u x u x .
40.
1 ln x 1
xx
1
x dx
u ln x .
1 ln x dx
ln x
dx
x
)
39.
) :
38.
dx
) :
34.
x2 1
f x, ln x dx .
) :
3x 2 1
dx
x3 x 8
x1
dx
2
x x2
1
dx
x x 1
x 2 2x 5
dx
x 3 3x 2 2x
x 2 2x 1
dx
x3 x
4
dx
x 4x
3
x2 x 3
dx
x 3 6x 2 9x
-10-
2012-2013
x2
) 2 dx
0 x 4
3
2
3 x x 2x 1
)
dx
2
x2 x
x2 x 2
)
dx
2
x3
3
2
3 2x x 9x 22
)
dx
2
x 2 2x 3
43.
44.
) :
46.
47.
ex
0 e2x 1dx
1
2
dx
)
0 1 e 2x
ln
e x e xdx
x 2 2x 1
dx
x 2 4x 3
f(ex , ex )dx . : u ex , x lnu , du e xdx ( ).
ex 1
0 ex 2dx
x
1 e 1
) 2x dx
0 e
4
45.
1
0 ex 1dx
ex
dx
e x 1 ln e x 1
)
)
e
dx
x
e 1
e 2x 1
0 ex dx
1
ex
) x
dx
0 e ex
1
e
dx
(e 1) ln(e x 1)
x
) .
1:
48.
49.
f x, x dx . : u x , u.
x1
3x 2
x
0 3
2x 3
dx
dx
x3
2x 1
x
0 4
x2 3
dx
dx
x x 4dx
x2
2x 1
dx
x x 2 3dx
x3
x2 1
dx
x
x
x
x
f 1
, 2
, ...,
, ...
dx . : u
1, 2,, u.
50.
2:
0 3
x1 x1
dx
8 x
3 3 x2 6 x
dx
dx
2x 1 3 2x 1
3:
f x, 2 x 2 dx
51.
53.
4 x2
1
dx
x 1
2x 3
dx
x2 4
x3
1
du .
2 dx, 0 . : x u, u , dx
2 u
2 2
f x, 2 x 2 dx , 0 . : x u, u , dx u du .
2 2
5:
x3
dx
x2 1
4:
52.
f x, x
dx
1 x 2 dx
f x, x 2 2 dx, 0 . : x
x2 x 1
dx
4 x2
, u , 0 u 0, dx
du .
u
2 u
2
2
x2 1
dx
x
-11-
2012-2013
)
54.
55.
56.
2
0
xdx
2
0
xdx
2
0
3 xdx
2
0
xdx
2
0
4 x 3 xdx
xdx
2
0
xdx
2
0
3 xdx
2
0
57.
58.
59.
2
0
xdx
4
0
xdx
4
0
xdx
4
0
3 xdx
4
0
xdx
2
0
4 x 3 xdx )
xdx
2 xdx
3 xdx
4 xdx
4
0
3 x 3 xdx
2 ( ) ( ) ,
2 ( ) ( )
2 ( ) ( ) , :
x2xdx
4
0
6
0
3x5xdx
2x4xdx
60.
61.
62.
2e
63.
x3 x
x ln x dx
1
x ln x
dx
dx
x 2 ln x 2dx
xx x
dx
x2
x3
1 x2
dx
1 x2
dx
x
x1
x
dx
2 x
x 2 x 2 dx
x x
dx
x 2
e x
dx
)
1 ex
0
ln x
6
0
dx
1
dx
x
ln t
e
dx
)
64.
f R. :
x
(i) f x dx f x dx
(ii) f dx f x dx, 0
(iii)
65.
66.
f x dx f x dx
:
e f(ln x)
1
dx f(x)dx
(i) 1
0
x
(ii)
ln 3
ln 2
e x f(1 e x )dx f(x)dx
2
f :
f
f( ) , :
xf (x)dx
-12-
f()
f()
f 1 (x)dx
2012-2013
67.
f [0,] . f() [0,] f
:
[0,] -
f(x)dx f 1 (x)dx .
0
(i) f [,]
68.
: f(x) f( x) c , x , c .
f() f() .
: f(x)dx f
2
2
(ii) f : f(x) f(1-x) 2 , x , :
f(x)dx .
f f(x) f( x) , , -
69.
2
f x dx .
1
f f(x) f( x) 0 , :
70.
f(x)dx
2
xx
dx
: J
0 4 2x
xf(x)dx
I e x xdx 2 1 1 2 , 2
71.
I 4 e x 4 xdx .
0
I ln xdx, * e 1 , 2 .
72.
4
0
1
, 2 .
1 2
73.
I xdx, *
74.
I x ln x dx, * 2 1 4 ln 2 , 1 2
x ln x dx .
3
1. . f ,
[ 0
f x dx f x dx .
f x dx f x dx ]
dx J
x
dx .
x x
5x x
2. f : [0, 2] [0, 2]
2
xf(x)dx 0 (1) , :
f(2) f(0)
2
ii. (0, 2) f( ) f(2) .
i. f (2)
-13-
2012-2013
