Γ ΕΠΑΛ Τεχνική Υποστήριξη Υπολογιστικών Συστημάτων Και Δικτυακών Υποδομών
Γ ΕΠΑΛ Τεχνική Υποστήριξη Υπολογιστικών Συστημάτων Και Δικτυακών Υποδομών
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1.1
1.1
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1 ..................................................................................................................................... 5
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/ ..................................................... 15
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2 ................................................................................................................................... 17
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2.1 ........................................................................................................................................ 19
2.2 ............................................................................................................ 21
2.3 Windows Server Ubuntu server37
2.4 .. ......................................................................... 38
.......................................................................................................................... 39
3 ................................................................................................................................... 41
........................................................................... 41
.................................................................................................................................... 42
3.1 BIOS .............................................................................................................. 43
3.2 (..) ................................... 44
3.3 ............................................. 46
3.4 ..................................................................................................... 49
3.5 ........................................................................ 50
3.6 ................................................................ 52
3.7 ............................................................................................. 54
3.8 ................................................................... 56
3.9 .............................................................................................................. 57
3.10 ........................................................................................................ 58
3.11 ............................................................................................................. 59
3.12 ........................................... 61
.......................................................................................................................... 63
4 ..................................................................................................................................... 64
.......................................................................................................... 64
.................................................................................................................................... 65
4.1 ......................................................................................... 66
.......................................................................................................................... 70
4.2 IP................................................................ 71
.......................................................................................................................... 71
4.3 DHCP ................................................................................................................... 72
.......................................................................................................................... 76
4.4 DNS ..................................................................................................... 76
.......................................................................................................................... 84
4.5 ........................................................ 84
.......................................................................................................................... 85
4.6 .............................................................................................................. 85
.......................................................................................................................... 86
4.7 ............................................................................................... 86
http://tutorial.programming4.us/windows_7/accessing-resources-on-a-network---identifyingand-resolving-network-printer-issues.aspx .................................................................................... 89
Shapiro Jeffrey (2008). Windows 2008 Server Bible. Wiley Publishing Inc., Indiapapolis.............. 89
Lammle, Todd (2005). Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide.Sybex ............................... 89
http://www.windowsnetworking.com/articles-tutorials/trouble/10-Ways-Troubleshoot-DNSResolution-Issues.html ................................................................................................................... 89
https://forums.cpanel.net/threads/why-didnt-my-email-get-delivered-or-where-did-my-emailgo.387312/ ..................................................................................................................................... 89
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/286040 ......................................................................... 89
https://it.uoregon.edu/node/618 .................................................................................................. 89
5 ..................................................................................................................................... 90
(Servers) ........................................................................ 90
.................................................................................................................................... 91
5.1 ....................................................................................................... 92
5.2 ........................................................... 93
5.3 windows ..................................................................... 97
5.4 DHCP .............................................................................................. 99
........................................................................................................................ 101
5.5 .................................................................................. 102
........................................................................................................................ 109
5.6 mail servers ......................................................................................................... 110
............................................................................................................................... 118
.
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MacOS Apple, Windows Ubuntu (. 1.1).
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https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%C
F%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%83%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC
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http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/computer_system.html
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5.
6.
TeamViewer (Full Version) .
TeamViewer QuickSupport Module .
e-mail
(ID Password) ,
TeamViewer.
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TeamViewer.
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TeamViewer
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10
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. (Blog)
(forum).
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.
:
http://successfulsoftware.net/2012/08/21/tips-for-great-software-technical-support/
http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/windows-and-office/three-simple-steps-to-providingbetter-customer-support/
http://kkalivas.tucsonclub.gr/index.php/lessons/pc-tech/22-teamviewer
(flow charts).
http://fixingmycomputer.com/
http://www.fonerbooks.com/pcrepair.htm
(screenshots).
. . 1.2
.
11
. 1.2:
http://tinyurl.com/ky5apx7
.
: .
,
. ( )
(. 1.3),
.
12
. 1.3:
, http://tinyurl.com/8qlm9. (.
1.4).
. 1.4:
http://tinyurl.com/d8ynso
(. 1.5).
13
. 1.5:
http://tinyurl.com/pdv35fl (. 1.6).
. 1.6:
.
.
google translate .
, ,
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14
. .
Ubuntu http://ts.sch.gr/wiki/Linux/LTSP.
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Ubuntu .
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,
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.
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.. 4, 12, 24 48
30%
(
)
(Remote Support)
(software)
(hardware)
.. Trojan, spyware
15
.
(/, Servers, -Routers, , / )
.
(
-backup, CRM, ).
,
/
.
.
.
:
http://www.texnikoi.com/technical-support-contract.html
http://www.netcosmos.gr/symbolaio-texnikhs-yposthrikshs.html
http://www.systemhost.gr/index.php/ct-menu-item-3/ct-menu-item-7
http://www.fcnet.gr/gr/tech_support/scontent.asp?id=95
http://m.wikihow.com/Diagnose-a-Computer-Problem
1.
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2. TeamViewer
( )
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3.
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4. /.
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http://tinyurl.com/kjbav34
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16
17
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:
Windows Server
Ubuntu server
18
2.1
.
.
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SIW (System Information for Windows)
.., .
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CPU, , , , .... ,
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uptime , ...
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passwords codecs.
HWiNFO
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Speccy ..,
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, RAM, , Windows
. (CPU),
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benchmark tests.
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benchmarks
. (bottlenecks)
19
.
(CPU)
(RAM) ..
.
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benchmarks
.
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. 2.1 ,
, .
.
. 2.1 benchmark
: http://www.passmark.com/products/pt_screenshots.htm
benchmark
, .
CD (bootable
CD) .
Hiren's Boot CD (HBCD)
, partition, benchmarking, (disk cloning)
, , MBR, BIOS
.. HBCD
..
,
.
.
20
http://www.pcworld.com/article/258473/how_to_benchmark_your_pc_for_free.html
http://www.freebsdworld.gr/files/computer-hardware.pdf
http://www.opensoft.gr/software/system-information-windows-siw
http://www.dwrean.net/2010/08/hwinfo32-v356.html
http://www.opensoft.gr/software/speccy
http://www.howtogeek.com/175649/what-you-need-to-know-about-using-uefi-instead-ofthe-bios/
http://windows.microsoft.com/el-gr/windows-8/what-uefi
http://www.proyectobyte.com/android-i/download-and-install-hirens-bootcd-15-2-with-nodisc-or-usb-drive?lang=en
2.2
, ,
.
Slimware Utilities. 3
:
SlimCleaner , browser
cache, windows temp .
SlimComputer StartUp apps,
Crapware ..,
(Internet browser) .
SlimDrivers ,
.
,
,
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2.2.1
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21
. 2.2 ()
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. 2.3 LED
22
(motherboard) LED ,
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(motherboard) (. 2.3). LED
LED, (
, floppy drive, DVD Recorder, , ...),
(motherboard) . ,
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(motherboard).
3.3 Volt, 5 Volt
12 Volt. .
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12V .
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(. 2.4).
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23
. 2.4
: http://mycomputer.gr/news/market-guide/1057-odigoa-agoras-trofodotiko
%. 85%
,
(idle).
.
,
.
:
http://techblog.gr/computers/tech-how-to-choose-hardware-components-part-3-73131/
http://tinyurl.com/nv4xuy8
http://mycomputer.gr/news/market-guide/1057-odigoa-agoras-trofodotiko
http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2388692,00.asp
2.2.2 , ,
,
,
.
(. 2.5).
, ,
, .
,
.
, .
24
. 2.5
:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nichicon_2200uF_6.3V_swollen_leaking_capacitor
s_Compaq_year_2001_motherboard.jpg
(CPU),
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,
. Hot CPU Tester.
, CPU,
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(motherboard). ( ,
floppy drive, DVD recorder) .
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25
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BIOS, ,
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RAM .
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Windows RAM.
RAM RAM
(crash),
. Windows vista, 7 8
(Memory
Diagnostics Tool).
Windows (. 2.6).
(sector) (RAM)
, .
26
).
2.2.3
.
.
:
, ,
.
.
.. .
.
, scandisk
Windows chkdsk .
windows.
chkdsk /f (fix) .
(. 2.7).
27
. 2.7 Scandisk
.
.
.
USB (flash drives)
. ,
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Floating gate transistor . ,
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..
USB ,
(drivers) Windows USB flash .
USB flash
USB. .. . Windows
Windows+R, diskmgmt.msc.
(Disk Management) USB
Flash (. 2.8),
, .
usb
windows . ,
.
28
Windows.
(Disk Management)
.
.
(Update Driver).
. 2.8 ()
(External HDD) NAS
(Network Attached Storage). NAS (Network Attached Storage),
. NAS
,
.
,
.
:
http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch001091.htm
http://www.geekscab.com/2014/01/6-Common-Pen-drive-Problems-and-TheirSolutions.html
http://technewsingreek.blogspot.gr/2013/10/o-usb-flash_26.html#.VbMRy_lvB-8
http://www.wdc.com/gr/products/products.aspx?id=810&utm_source=WD%20Red%20redir
ect&utm_medium=collateral&utm_content=gr&utm_campaign=product#Tab2&Tab12
http://www.whatsabyte.com/P1/HDD_Crash.html
https://howflashdriveworks.wordpress.com/how-does-flash-drive-work/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msi5GDz9JIw
29
2.2.4
: (
), . ..
( - Operating System) (drivers)
.
.
,
.
CD .
,
Windows ..
. ,
Windows .. ...
.
. Windows,
.
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.
.
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Windows
. , Windows
. ,
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Windows
.
(video projector),
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() S-VIDEO, VGA, COMPOSITE, HDMi ,
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30
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:
http://windows.microsoft.com/el-gr/windows-vista/troubleshoot-monitor-and-video-cardproblems
http://www.interactivo.gr/products/projectors/
http://www.thinkoutsidetheslide.com/six-common-problems-with-displaying-yourpresentation/
http://www.doityourself.com/stry/5-common-problems-with-an-lcd-projector
2.2.5
.
:
iknjet http://computer.howstuffworks.com/inkjet-printer.htm
Laser http://computer.howstuffworks.com/laser-printer.htm.
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31
,
- ,
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:
,
( USB Ethernet)
.
. ()
( ) - -
.
,
.
RAM ,
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.
, 250+ laser 2.000+
.
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.
, .
,
, (inkjet) .
(unclogging ink nozzles) .
-- ,
.
(Printer out-ofink), .
,
.
.
,
(WiFi), .
(router).
,
802.11n, 100
Mbps Ethernet.
.
. ,
.
32
(
) ( ).
.
.
.
.
http://www.lexmark.com/publications/pdfs/4200/el/trouble.html
http://support.epson-europe.com/onlineguides/el/spr285/html/trble_1.htm
http://support.hp.com/gr-el/document/c02252786
http://www.support.xerox.com/support/enus.html
:
http://www.pcworld.com/article/185111/10_biggest_printer_problems_and_how_to_fix_th
em.html
2.2.6
. .
(keyboard)
.
( /)
. (driver)
.
(Scanner).
windows (. 2.9). ,
.
.
33
. 2.9
: http://windows.microsoft.com/el-gr/windows-vista/troubleshoot-scanning-problems
(UPS - Uninterruptible Power Supply),
.
UPS .
, . UPS
,
.
..
UPS .
.
.
:
http://ccm.net/faq/4965-keyboard-common-issues
http://www.pcsteps.gr/1452-technology-explained-ups/
http://www.smartpowersystems.com/content/articles/archives/upstypescommonproblems.htm
http://www.tripplite.com/support/articles/articleid/top-5-ups-support-issues
http://windows.microsoft.com/el-gr/windows-vista/troubleshoot-scanning-problems
http://www.pcsteps.gr/1452-technology-explained-ups/
2.2.7 laptop/tablet
.
34
. ,
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.
.
(pin) ,
.
(70W 120W) .
.
/
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( ),
.
( ) (
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(DC)
.
.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
.
,
, ,
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.
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,
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(. 2.10).
.
.. .
35
. 2.10 ,
: http://images.techhive.com/images/article/2013/01/dirty_computer-100021502-large.jpg
, ,
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LCD.
( ).
LCD.
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LCD.
,
( "Fn"
"F1" - "F10 " )
.
, " ",
.
36
.
.
(
): , , , LCD, .
: http://www.laptoptips.ca/hardware/
2.3 Windows
Server Ubuntu server
Windows Server
.
:
https://redmondmag.com/articles/2014/05/16/network-performance-problems.aspx
http://www.dell.com/support/article/us/en/19/SLN179108/
http://teamapproach.ca/trouble/
https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/index.html
37
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CommunityHelpWiki
http://alkisg.mysch.gr/steki/index.php?topic=4702.0
http://ts.sch.gr/docs/cat_view/60-odhgies-egkatastashs-diaxeirishs
http://3sek-g-athin.att.sch.gr/files/Install_webServer_to_Ubuntu.pdf
2.4 ..
..
,
1.3.
.
,
,
.. .
,
,
.
computer hardware problems flowcharts
.
sound card problems flowcharts
(. 2.11).
. 2.11
38
: http://www.thomas-n-ruth.com/computer-diagnostic-flowcharts.html
sound card problems
(. 2.12).
.
. 2.12
1.3
1.
2.
Hirens Boot CD
.
3.
4.
.. -
.
5.
/ ..
.
,
.
6.
....
.
.
7.
8.
.
.
9.
10.
11.
... ..
39
..
https://forum.ubuntu-gr.org/ (Hardware &
Drivers), add network printer
.
40
41
.
. .
().
.
.
:
.
.
(backup)
(restore).
.
BIOS
42
3.1 BIOS
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
(motherboard).
BIOS , ROM
(Read Only Memory - ) RAM (Random Access Memory ). (IC - Integrated Circuit)
, .
() (chip),
.
, .
, (boot program) BIOS.
( , ...).
.
BIOS ,
, ,
.. BIOS
(motherboard). BIOS ,
.
BIOS :
(chip)
BIOS.
.
,
BIOS (chip).
,
, .
BIOS
(motherboard),
BIOS .
.
, . ,
Pause-Break key .
BIOS, motherboard,
BIOS ID string.
,
. ,
.
43
BIOS
(motherboard).
.
update BIOS, (CD USB drive)
.
flash.exe ( ).
BIOS.
,
(, CD USB drive) (command prompt).
, .. update.rom,
a:\flash update.rom, .
.
, CD ,
BIOS Live Update
.
,
(motherboard).
(chip) BIOS
(motherboard).
:
http://dide.flo.sch.gr/Plinet/Tutorials-Sfounis/Tutorials-Sfounis-BIOS.html
http://www.howtogeek.com/196916/how-to-check-your-bios-version-and-update-it/
http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/how-to/pc-upgrades/how-update-your-bios-3428662/
http://superuser.com/questions/200823/why-should-one-upgrade-bios
http://www.howtogeek.com/196916/how-to-check-your-bios-version-and-update-it/
3.2 (..)
:
(update) .. -
.
/
.
.
Windows :
Windows - "F8"
.
Windows -
CD DVD .
44
BIOS
CD, .
CD/DVD .
Windows
(command prompt).
:
fixmbr
mbr master boot record ,
.
..
fixboot
bootsector,
.
chkdsk C: /r /p
( C: )
. /p
. /r
(bad sectors)
.
( )
.
(bad sectors)
. ..,
.
CD (.. Avira Antivir Rescue, hirens boot cd CD
Windows). CD .
CD/DVD BIOS, CD/DVD
. Windows
. -
(Format) .
.. Ubuntu Boot-Repair
.
.. (
Windows Ubuntu Linux).
Boot-Repair
( GRUB). ..
.
.
45
:
http://magmafix.blogspot.gr/2010/05/pc-boot-windows.html
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair
http://pcsupport.about.com/od/termsc/p/chkdsk.htm
3.3
(Registry)
,
. Windows
(kernel), (drivers) , ,
, ..
.
""
.
.. (portable apps).
,
. Windows, (registry)
RAM ( )
. ,
.
Registry Editor Windows + R
regedit.
. 3.1
, windows, ,
(. 3.1).
.
.
46
"".
.reg ( )
.reg.
.
Windows ,
.
100, 200 500
.
,
( 3.4).
()
.
http://sxoleio.eu/Tweakers.php http://tinyurl.com/oq9no9u.
..
,
.
.
/ ( , , ,
) .
:
1.
(startup files): (,
) ,
.
.
, .
,
. H ,
, msconfig windows.
.
, ,
(. 3.2).
47
. 3.2
2.
BIOS: , BIOS (Basic Input/Output
System)
. BIOS ,
. BIOS
quick boot/fastboot
.
3.
: Windows
.
.
4.
, Spyware ..
,
adware spyware.
3.6.
5.
(hardware)
, , (RAM),
/
. , , ,
.
6.
(
) . ScanDisk and Defrag
.
. (temp)
. (Disk
Cleanup) windows %temp%
, /.
7.
, (drivers)
.
Windows .
48
8.
, ,
(RAM) .. SSD, ..
Linux.
:
http://www.pcsteps.gr/218-registry-%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD-windows%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%81%CF%8E%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%8D%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%B9/
http://www.bratnet.gr/downloads/category/4-ekkauarish-veltistopoihsh-systhmatos.html
http://sxoleio.eu/Registry.php
http://www.techster.gr/backup-and-restore-registry-on-windows-7/
http://www.aetos-apokalypsis.com/2012/10/5_19.html
http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch001131.htm
http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000179.htm
3.4
.
, / ( /
).
. OpenOffice LibreOffice
.
.
.
(Software).
.
:
. :
Windows (registry cleaners),
(file system cleaners), -
(secure file erasers) .
CCleaner, Glary Utilities, BleachBit Eraser.
.
Revo, GeekUninstaller, ZSoft Uninstaller.
.
,
.
(Internet Browsers).
.
49
.
.
, ,
,
Microsoft FixIt.
. Microsoft
(.
3.3).
. 3.3 Fixit
Thunderbird Mozilla.
(forum), .
(.. Gimp), (..
audacity), (.. 7zip),
(.. vlc & smplayer).
internet .
.
:
http://www.pcsteps.gr/556-ta-kalitera-dorean-ergaleia-sintirisis-gia-ton-ipologisti-sas/
http://www.techfrog.gr/pc-hardware/top10-ta-kalytera-dorean-programmata-gia-tonypologisti-sas
3.5
, ,
.
, .
50
.
. ,
.
,
.
.
(Office suite) Microsoft,
. Libre Office, Calligra Suite,
Documents To Go tablet , OpenOffice WPS.
.
https://mathe.ellak.gr/?page_id=135 /
.
, .
,
.
Cloud computing,
, / (servers)
. :
.
, .. , , .
.
/ . 5
25 Gigabyte, .
: Google Microsoft
MS Office . Adobe
(CC)
.
: , ,
, .
/ ( ,
). (software as a service)
.
.. .
:
51
http://www.pcsteps.gr/20488-%CE%B4%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AC%CE%BD-office%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%
AD%CF%82-microsoft/
http://users.uoa.gr/~andratha/cloud.html
http://tringides.blogspot.gr/2010/05/google-docs-online.html
3.6
-
.
,
.
:
:
.
Worm:
.
Spyware:
.
Adware: ,
.
- trojan horse:
,
.
.
. :
, .
,
.
3.6.1 (virus, trojan, spyware)
(viruses, trojans, spyware,
worms)
. ,
52
/,
.
:
, .
.
e-mail .
,
.
e-mail .jpg.vbs .gif.exe.
(Antivirus)
.
Antivirus
.
.
.
( .exe, .bat,
.scr .vbs), .
,
.
.
.
(Internet)
Windows
.
" " (Out-ofmemory)
(Scandisk), .
(Task Manager)
Windows.
53
.
,
.
:
https://www.microsoft.com/hellas/protect/protect_malware.aspx
https://support.google.com/adwords/answer/2375413?hl=el
http://www.texnikoi.com/remote-support-services.html
3.7
()
, , , ,
.
, .
:
(, ,
.)
(, , )
:
1.
.
2.
3.
,
. ,
.
,
.
hacking
.
.
password, 123, 111111.
(e-mail)
.
54
,
" ;"
(.. web-banking).
(hacker)
. .
:
, .
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
. ,
"Back to the Future". ,
,
"to" "2." : b2tf.
. . ,
imdb.com, Ib2tfdb$.
. Windows -
" ", Google
. windows
.
:
http://tinyurl.com/pg2ur7m
55
https://www.cs.ucy.ac.cy/courses/EPL674/lectures/Politikes-Asfaleias-PliroforiakwnSystimatwn.pdf
http://gr.norton.com/dos-donts-passwords/article
http://www.saferinternet.gr/index.php?parentobjId=Page2
http://tinyurl.com/qjj88u3
http://windows.microsoft.com/el-gr/windows/set-up-family-safety#set-up-familysafety=windows-8
https://www.google.gr/safetycenter/families/start/
3.8
(firewall) ,
.
,
,
. ,
"",
. worm
, ,
worm .
.
, .
, . To
Zonealarm ,
http://sxoleio.eu/Firewalls.php.
(routers) internet
firewall .
Ubuntu Linux
netfilter. To netfilter
.
(packet filtering)
iptables.
Firestarter.
Uncomplicated Firewall (ufw)
.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UFW.
:
http://windows.microsoft.com/el-gr/windows/firewall-faq#1TC=windows-7
56
http://www.usr-emea.com/education/net7.asp?loc=grec
http://computer.howstuffworks.com/firewall1.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-xnqC2aPb00 ()
3.9
(Backup).
.
,
. ,
( , CD/ DVD, web).
,
,
.
,
.
Windows
.
,
(cloud).
.
http://tinyurl.com/nqsxlvx
.
,
/
. /
.
.
(http://tinyurl.com/nnc9ksu),
(forum)
.
Linux, Ubuntu
clonezilla.
USB
,
.
57
.
http://tinyurl.com/qadpjpr.
:
www.reporter.gr
http://www.opensoft.gr/category/antigrafa-asfaleias-backup (
(Backup) )
3.10
. ,
/ .
.
, , ,
,
/ ,
.
,
, .
.
.
, .
.
...
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
58
.
,
Windows. Windows
, .
.
,
. ,
.
,
, , :
.
.
..,
.
( ).
.
.
:
http://www.greekinformatics.gr/tips/tipofweek/39otip/
http://windows.microsoft.com/el-gr/windows/what-is-system-restore#1TC=windows-7
http://photodentro.edu.gr/v/item/ds/8521/676
3.11
. ,
( , USB flash, , )
.
(Hard Drive crash) (virus)
,
(data recovery).
.
:
1.
59
2.
.
.
.
3.
.
,
.
4.
.
.
.
:
, (scan) .
(preview)
(recover). .
.
, Data Rescue PC3
30.
Recuva
.
, ,
(memory card) , MP3 player.
.
email
Word. ,
.
.
( ,
, ).
,
. ,
,
, .
.
60
:
http://www.easeus.com/datarecoverywizard/free-data-recovery-software.htm
http://7datarecovery.com/
http://pcsupport.about.com/od/filerecovery/tp/free-file-recovery-programs.htm
http://www.whatsabyte.com/P1/HDD_Crash.html
http://pcsupport.about.com/od/filerecovery/gr/recuva-review.htm
3.12
,
().
' ,
.
.
, .
'
.
.
.
,
(
).
. '
,
.
,
.
'
.
, , (
)
, .
.
(remote desktop)
Internet, .
.
Professional Windows,
, Remote Desktop Protocol.
61
(server)
. :
Windows, port forwarding (
(Router),
-dynamic DNS).
,
(malicious software/malware).
http://tinyurl.com/ythfhb
http://tinyurl.com/mlbp9wg .
VNC (Virtual Network Computing)
. VNC
: Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Android iOS (
Jailbreak). ,
, (server)
.
.
,
.
TeamViewer ( )
. ,
. :
RSA 2048-bit AES 256-bit
Wake-on-LAN
'
:
(Server) .
.
. ,
.
:
http://tinyurl.com/pz7mg27
62
1.
http://www.asus.com/support/FAQ/1008859/
BIOS netbook UX32LN.
201 203.
.
2.
chdsk.
3.
http://sxoleio.eu/Tweakers.php
.
4.
,
. .
5.
(,
) . .
,
. .
6.
(
)
.
.
7.
, ,
.
.
8.
http://www.opensoft.gr/tag/prostasia-apo-kakovoylo-logismiko
.
. ,
.
9.
. .
, .
10.
63
64
(Telnet, teamviewer).
(routers, modem, ), .
.
(.. routers, ,
static ip .)
( .. .).
:
(Telnet, teamviewer)
,
, .
(routers,
modem, ) .
, ,
(.. routers, , static ip
.)
( )
IP
DHCP
DNS
65
4.1
4.1.1
:
(RJ 45) (. 4.1).
LED .
LED
LED ,
.
. 4.1: RJ 45
: www.computeralliance.edu.com
(switch)
(HUB
SWITCH) (. 4.2).
.
(LINK)
(COLLISIONS) .
(UTP/ FTP)
.
, ,
ethernet ( ) switch,
. :
- switch
- switch
( )
66
67
.
.
. ,
.
ADSL
.
()
.
68
TCP/IP . ,
. 4.6.
69
. 4.7: TCP/IP
IP : 10.67.206.157
.
.
Windows,
(device manager) :
; , ,
.
; (device manager)
, .
, ping IP
(local host). , ping 10.67.206.157.
ICMP, TCP/IP
, .
.
.
1.
;
1. rack .
70
2. (switch,patch panel, )
3. switch ports
4. switch
( , ,
)
5. .
.
6. ping
4.2 IP
4.2.1
ping
router . router ( )
: 10.67.207.157.
: ping 10.67.207.157
TCP/ IP.
, ping router ,
, router , router
. :
1. router
2. 10-15
3. router
4. ping router
4.2.2 (WAN)
Ping IP server,
Ping 213.133.127.247.
,
server IP .
IP .
1.
, IP ,
.
2.
router .
3.
/ / /
.
71
4.3 DHCP
DHCP :
IP
IP
IP DNS
IP DHCP
IP (static
IPs),
, DHCP. DHCP
IP (DHCP pool), IP
.
IP ,
(DHCP lease). , IP
.
DHCP
,
. , DHCP
IP MAC ,
IP,
.
DHCP
NAT/modem /router (ISP).
4.3.1 DHCP
DHCP :
DHCP -
DHCP
DHCP/BOOTP relay agents
DHCP :
4.3.1.1
IP . IP
.
, IP
NAT/routers/DSL modems 192.168.1. 192.168.0.., =
72
1 254. 10...
172.16-31....
IPCONFIG
IP, .
IP
.
. 4.8 ipconfig
WINDOWS.
73
4.3.1.2 DHCP
VLAN DHCP.
DHCP :
. WEB DHCP.
, ,
(IExplorer Firefox .)
DHCP server.
9, router DLINK, IP
192.168.1.1. IP
192.168.1.2 192.168.1.254.
74
75
3.
IP DHCP
server;
1. DHCP, telnet
DHCP.
2. DHCP, telnet
IP .
4.4 DNS
Browser,
DNS.
(. ), DNS.
,
router ( )
, DHCP,
(proxy server) DNS servers
. DNS
(. 4.10) .
, DNS. ,
IP DNS
, DNS
(default gateway) (. 4.11).
76
4.10 DNS
4.4.1 DNS
DNS
:
DNS :
1. ping DNS
ping pc1.ergastirio1.1epal,
2 ping IP
ping 10.67.206.205
DNS WAN:
1 ping DNS
ping www.in.gr DNS
77
78
79
80
. 4.13: IP .
router
, DNS
Router DHCP.
router.
router :
Hardware: router,
.
Web router:
IP router, 192.168.1.1,
DSL modem/ router (. 4.14).
81
router reset.
82
4.4.4 DNS
. 4.15: Ethernet
,
DNS, .
Internet,
Ethernet.
IP 4 DNS
4.2.2.1 4.2.2.2 DNS (. 4.15).
,
DNS (. 4.16).
83
. 4.16: TCP / IP
1. ( ),
DNS servers .
2. (DNS proxy);
;
3. , DNS
.
4. , DNS
.
5. WEB
DNS.
6. WEB DNS
;
7.
DNS ,
, DNS ISP;
4.5
,
,
84
( )
1.
.
2.
,
.
4.6
(Virus, spyware). antivirus
.
, , antispyware,
.
85
,
(. registry Windows)
.
(. WinSockFix) registry
TCP/IP.
1.
4.7
4.7.1
:
,
, switch
(. 4.17). ,
.
. 4.17:
: www.tutorialprogramming4.us
(drivers)
.
.
86
,
:
, :
.
, .
(. 4.18 ).
. 4.18:
, ,
.
, .
87
,
, .
(device drivers)
,
.
,
(. 4.19).
4.19:
ping
, .
88
, TCP/IP .
TCP/IP
.
,
.
http://tutorial.programming4.us/windows_7/accessing-resources-on-a-network--identifying-and-resolving-network-printer-issues.aspx
Shapiro Jeffrey (2008). Windows 2008 Server Bible. Wiley Publishing Inc., Indiapapolis.
Lammle, Todd (2005). Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide.Sybex
http://www.windowsnetworking.com/articles-tutorials/trouble/10-Ways-Troubleshoot-DNSResolution-Issues.html
https://forums.cpanel.net/threads/why-didnt-my-email-get-delivered-or-where-did-myemail-go.387312/
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/286040
https://it.uoregon.edu/node/618
89
5
(Servers)
90
.
.
(DNS, mail server).
(
, ).
.
:
,
(DNS, mail
server)
(
, ).
windows
DHCP
91
5.1
5.1.1
.
(server). ,
( ) ,
,
(clients) (. 5.1).
. 5.1 :
: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Client-Server_Model.jpg
5.1.2 .
. ( Windows server 2008)
:
(Application Server)
DHCP
DNS
92
(workgroup)
(DHCP,DNS, NETBios)
(File servers)
5.2
Windows 2000, Windows 2003, Windows 2008 ,
(MMC).
. DHCP server.
. ,
,
MMC path\file.msc /a,
Path: .
Path .
%systemroot%,
.
File: ,
dnsmgmQt.msc, DHCP
93
,
,
windows. ,
. , (services)
,
(. 5.2).
: ,
(.. Internet Information Services -IIs) (.
5.3).
. 5.2: MMC
: Jeffrey R. Shapiro, Windows Server 2008 Bible, Wiley Publishing Inc.
94
. 5.3: (snap-ins)
: Jeffrey R. Shapiro, Windows Server 2008 Bible, Wiley Publishing Inc.
. 5.4: (snap-ins)
: Jeffrey R. Shapiro, Windows Server 2008 Bible, Wiley Publishing Inc.
Windows 2008 server,
95
..
(computer management) DHCP (.5.4).
5.2.1
. 5.5: windows
, ,
.
, (.
5.5). , ,
..
,
DNS server, .
(. 5.6).
, Windows 3 :
96
5.6: windows
5.3 windows
Windows (. 5.7)
.., .
(log files). :
. ,
,
,
. ,
. ,
.
. .
.
.
97
, ( DNS server), ,
.
, ( )
(ID).
.
. user name (
)
.
5.7: windows
98
5.4 DHCP
DHCP IP
, .
, routers, IP
, DHCP.
Windows server 2008, DHCP
.
IP DHCP
IP
, IP
IP .
,
.
WEB, FTP, .., IP .
DHCP . Windows server 2003/08 ..,
standards (.. Internet Engineering
Task Force-IETF) .
( Linux).
DNS,
IP DHCP server DNS.
5.4.1 DHCP
DHCP
. (MMC), DHCP (. 5.8) .
DHCP : -> -> ->DHCP
99
5.8: DHCP
: Jeffrey R. Shapiro, Windows Server 2008 Bible, Wiley Publishing Inc.
.
. ,
DHCP (DHCP) Add
server. IP .
5.4.2 DHCP
(scope) DHCP.
DHCP, DHCP servers. server
.
DHCP server .
server (. hq.nprthwind.microsoft.com ) add
new scope ( . Scope [172.16.11.0] Local Subnet, .
5.9).
. 5.9: DHCP
:
(name): .
IP (Start IP address): .
100
IP (End IP address): IP
.
(Length of subnet mask):
IP (Exclusions, Start IP and End IP address):
.
.
(Lease duration):
IP . ,
server.
.
(configure other option): DNS server
.
1. DHCP .
DHCP ,
DHCP.
2. static IP ,
, DHCP.
DHCP
. ; ;
101
5.5
5.5.1
:
.
.
.
.
( ,
), (spooler, router), .
5.10 :
: Jeffrey R. Shapiro, Windows Server 2008 Bible, Wiley Publishing Inc.
. 5.10
Windows server.
(Spooler)
. :
. spooler
.
.
102
(Print routers)
( ) .
. (drivers)
- .
(device drivers)
( )
.
.
(Print ports)
.
( , TCP/IP ports)
(TCP/IP ports).
Print monitors
,
(,
), .
:
,
.
. (print servers),
, ( )
.
5.5.2
,
. , ,
TCP/IP .
.
103
windows server,
:
1.
2.
(administrative tools)
(print management)
.
3.
(print servers node)
(add printer)
(.5.11).
4.
, (add a new
printer on an existing port) (create a new
port and add a new printer) .
, .
5.
IP , .
6.
, (device
driver).
104
5.11:
: Jeffrey R. Shapiro, Windows Server 2008 Bible, Wiley Publishing Inc.
105
7.
5.5.3
(print management),
spooler .
.
. (pause document).
(Pause all jobs).
(use
printer offline)
(resume a job).
,
(resume job).
.
(cancel all documents)
.
(delete).
- (Redirect document).
, -
,
. ,
(port) ,
.
(. ).
, ( .. Windows server 2008), 3
: ,
. 2
: .
. 5.12
. Windows 2008.
106
,
.
,
Windows server 2008,
(Print Management MMC).
. 5.12:
: https://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/ee524015(v=ws.10).aspx#BKMK_Designing_security_groups
, ( Start)
(Administrative Tools)
(Print Management)
(Run as administrator). ,
(Print Servers)
(properties)
(Security).
(. 5.13).
,
, ,
,
.
107
5.13: .
IP , Ping.
.
2.
,
.
spooler, RAM,
spooler .
.
.
.
3.
.
108
4.
spooler. ,
. ,
spooler .
5.
(off line) .
. ,
.
6.
Telnet
.
.
5.5.4.2 (client side )
1.
.
,
.
2.
, .
.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
.
.
,
.
,
.
spooler
, ..
(. spooler ).
,
.
109
. 5.14:
e-mail (. 5.14)
,
(outgoing message queue).
SMTP,
. SMTP
TCP TCP port 25.
, .
(mailbox) (
).
,
POP3 (Post Office Protocol
Version 3) IMAP (Internet Mail Access Protocol),
(. outlook express) .
POP3 TCP 110.
mailbox
, windows,
IMAP (Internet Mail Access Protocol).
5.6.1
. ,
.
email,
:
110
(
server, , , email)
5.6.1.1
,
:
email server
email-server, email
. email ,
.
5.6.1.2 (mail client)
email,
email server (. 5.15).
111
. 5.15: mail-client
5.6.2 email
5.6.2.1
, . ,
(. 5.16).
112
. 5.16: e-mail
5.6.2.2
email (authentication
,
(.. Outlook) (.5.17).
113
. 5.17:
5.6.2.3 email servers
email servers .
spam emails. email
email
,
SMPT internet.
5.6.2.4 Server
5.6.2.5 (username hostname)
email ,
(
) (. 5.18).
114
5.6.3
email server
: C:\>nslookup [Enter]
domain name
, MX email server.
MX (. 5.19).
set type=MX [Enter]
115
. 5.19: DNS
email server
IP
email server
/
(. anti-virus )
mailbox
RBL/Blacklist.
5.6.3.2 e-mail telnet
, , email server
, email telnet (. 5.20):
(command prompt) email server
telnet (.: C:\>telnet 10.10.10.10 25)
email, :
mail from: <user@somedomain.com> ( : Hotmail)
rcpt to: <destination@yourdomain.com> ( email )
data (prepares for data and message entry)
Subject: this is a test (the subject line)
[ Enter]
testing 1 2 3
[enter]
quit Telnet
116
117
Codec
T (Mp3, Avi, WMV
..) ( ,
).
,
. codec
/
(COder/DECoder)
/
(COmpressor/DECompressor) (,
).
118
