(i crack stitching)
,
[12-21] , .
.
( , , , )
.
()
(stitching=, , ), ,
, , ....
.
.
/
.
, ,
,
.
)
,
.
.
[Link]
1950 [9].
,
. ,
.
. :
[1,3,8,23],
13 : , . 2007
[1,3,8,23],
, [1,3,8,23],
, [1],
( ) [1]
,
[1,6]
[1,6]
[2,6]
/
[1,23]:
( , )
( )
( , , )
/ ( )
( )
, ,
, ,
,
[5].
.
.
, :
): ,
20-40mm,
,
. ,
,
.
.
13 : , . 2007
.
,
.[1,2,4]
): 8-20mm.
.
. 3
4 .
.
.[1,2,4]
): (..
) (.. /
) .
1,0:1,5.
.
.
3-5% .
. , 1-2 atm.
0,5-2,0 m.
0,5m
. , ,
0,35 m .
,
.[1,2,4]
1. [1]
2. [2]
13 : , . 2007
3. [1]
5. [24]
4. [1]
6. [25]
,
.
.
,
[2]:
u (Am / Aw)*(1+10*)*fmt/m
u (Am / Aw)*(1+10*)*fsy/s
fmt= (m=1,50)
fsy= (s=1,15)
Am=
Aw=
=
.. Am= 3cm2 , Aw=900cm2 , =0,5 , fmt=10MPa , fsy=400 MPa
u= 0,15 MPa u= 1,75 MPa
13 : , . 2007
Cardiff
, )
) [3]
1. [3]
2. , (stitching) [3]
FRP (
) :
,
( 45
.
)
13 : , . 2007
,
,
. [26]
)
, (stitching= )
.
( )
.
, ..., (
) .
6mm 10mm 1m.
[6,7,10,11]
, ,
[6,7,10,11].
,
.
8 mm, 25-35 mm
0,50 m .
( 500mm) (
100mm)
.[6]
(
).[6]
( )
[6]
(
,
) [6]
[6]
34-42cm, (
4-5 ) [6]
.
FRP
, .
13 : , . 2007
(
, , ,
..).
, ,
[6].
,
.
, ,
. ,
,
.
17 cm 70 mm [6].
,
35mm . [6]
,
,
, , ,
.
,
,
,
. [6]
,
, / . [6,7,10,11]
.
.7
.8 - 9
[7,11]
13 : , . 2007
.102
[7]
.13
[7]
.11
[7]
.12.
[7]
.14 .15
[7]
[7]
. 16. [7]
.17
.18
[10]
[10]
.19 [7]
13 : , . 2007
.20 [24]
.21. [7]
.22 [7]
.23 [7]
.24 [7]
.25 [7]
13 : , . 2007
.26
[7]
.27
[7]
.28
[7]
.29 [7]
13 : , . 2007
10
.30 [7]
.30-31 [7]
.32 [7]
.33
[7]
13 : , . 2007
11
.34 [7]
.35 [7]
.36 [7]
.37
[7]
13 : , . 2007
12
1. .,2004,
, .127-132 , 2004
2. .., 1992, (
) , .. ,
.159-161,171, , 1992
3. Paul Baralos, Masonry Research, (2nd year PhD student of Cardiff University)
[Link]/engin/research/concmas/pb2_1.html
4. Fritz Wenzel & Helmut Maus ,Repair of Masonry Structures , Karslruhe
University, [Link]
5. D.F.D. Ayala, Computer Methods in structural masonry , Numerical Modelling of
Masonry Structures Reinforced or Repaired ,
[Link]
6. [Link]
7. [Link] [Link]
8. [Link]
9. Mason J.A. , Bruce D.A, Lizzis structural system retrofit with reticulated
internal reinforcement method , p107-114 ,
[Link]
10. [Link]
11. [Link]
12. European Cultural Convention , Paris 19 December 1954 ,
[Link]
13. European Convention of the protection of the archaeological heritage ,London 6
May 1969 , [Link]
14. Convention concerning the protection of the world cultural and natural heritage,
Paris 16 November 1972 , [Link]
15. UNESCO (1955) ,
[Link]/images/0011/001137/[Link]
16. (1975) ,
[Link]/publications/[Link]
17. (1964), [Link]
18. Burra (1979), [Link]
19. (1985),
[Link]
20.
IC 1990, [Link]
21.
(1992) , [Link]/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/[Link]
22. [Link]
23. David B. Woodham, P.E , Strengthening a stone arch-bridge,
[Link]
24. [Link]/[Link]
25. [Link]
26. Balendran R.V., Rana T.M., Maqsood T., Tang W.C., Application of FRP bars as
reinforcement in civil engineering structures, Volume 20, Number 2, 2002, pp. 6272(11) , Emerald Group Publishing Limited
13 : , . 2007
13