ENGINEERING STATICS FORMULA SHEET
1. BASIC PRINCIPLES
- ΣF = 0 → Translational equilibrium
- ΣM■ = 0 → Rotational equilibrium about point O
2. FORCE COMPONENTS AND RESULTANTS
Vector form: F = Fx i + Fy j + Fz k
Magnitude: F = √(Fx² + Fy² + Fz²)
Direction cosines: cosα = Fx/F, cosβ = Fy/F, cosγ = Fz/F
2D components: Fx = F cosθ, Fy = F sinθ
Resultant: Rx = ΣFx, Ry = ΣFy, R = √(Rx² + Ry²), θR = tan■¹(Ry/Rx)
3. MOMENTS AND COUPLES
Moment about a point: M■ = r × F, |M■| = Fd
2D scalar form: M■ = Fx·y - Fy·x
Couple moment: M = F·d
Equilibrium: ΣM■ = 0
4. EQUILIBRIUM EQUATIONS
2D: ΣFx = 0, ΣFy = 0, ΣM■ = 0
3D: ΣFx = 0, ΣFy = 0, ΣFz = 0, ΣMx = 0, ΣMy = 0, ΣMz = 0
5. SUPPORTS AND REACTIONS (2D)
Roller → 1 vertical reaction
Pin → 2 reactions (horizontal + vertical)
Fixed → 3 reactions (horizontal, vertical, moment)
6. TRUSSES
- Method of Joints: ΣFx = 0, ΣFy = 0 at each joint
- Method of Sections: cut ≤ 3 unknowns, use ΣFx = 0, ΣFy = 0, ΣM = 0
7. CENTROIDS AND AREA MOMENTS
Centroid: x■ = Σ(xA)/ΣA, ■ = Σ(yA)/ΣA
Moment of inertia: Ix = ∫y² dA, Iy = ∫x² dA
Parallel Axis Theorem: I = I■ + Ad²
8. FRICTION
Ff = µN
For impending motion: Ff = µsN
For motion: Ff = µkN
9. BEAMS AND DISTRIBUTED LOADS
Resultant load: R = ∫w(x) dx
Location: x■ = (1/R) ∫x w(x) dx
Shear & Moment: dV/dx = -w(x), dM/dx = V
10. TENSION, COMPRESSION, AND INTERNAL FORCES
Normal stress: σ = P/A
Shear stress: τ = V/A
Axial deformation: δ = PL/AE
