Es laut

Es laut di lepas pesisir Alaska

Es laut adalah air laut yang membeku. Es laut menyelimuti sekitar 7% permukaan Bumi dan sekitar 12% samudra di dunia.

Referensi

• Rothrock, D.A.; Zhang, J. (2005). "Arctic Ocean Sea Ice Volume: What Explains Its Recent Depletion?". J. Geophys. Res. 110 (C1): C01002. Bibcode:2005JGRC..11001002R. doi:10.1029/2004JC002282.
• "How Does Arctic Sea Ice Form and Decay?". NOAA Arctic theme page. Diakses tanggal 25 April 2005.
• "All About Sea Ice". National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder.
• Vinnikov, K.Y.; Cavalieri, D.J.; Parkinson, C.L. (March 2006). "A model assessment of satellite observed trends in polar sea ice extents". Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 (5): L05704. Bibcode:2006GeoRL..33.5704V. doi:10.1029/2005GL025282.

Glosarium es laut

• "Cryosphere Glossary". National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder.
• "Ice Glossary". Environment Canada.
• "WMO Sea-Ice Nomenclature". World Meteorological Organization. WMO/OMM/ВМО — No.259 • Edition 1970–2004.

Pranala luar

• Cryosphere today: Current sea ice conditions from the University of Illinois Diarsipkan 2011-02-23 di Wayback Machine.
• Daily Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 sea ice maps from the University of Bremen Diarsipkan 2016-09-20 di Wayback Machine.
• "National Snow and Ice Data Center". University of Colorado, Boulder.
  • Sea Ice Index
  • Global Sea Ice Extent and Concentration: What sensors on satellites are telling us about sea ice Diarsipkan 2012-12-26 di Wayback Machine.