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Soe Win (jenderal)

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Yang Mulia
Wakil Jenderal Senior (Purn.)
Maha Thray Sithu
Soe Win
စိုးဝင်း
Image
Soe Win pada 2013
Ketua Dewan Konsultatif Uni
Mulai menjabat
10 April 2026
Ditunjuk olehMin Aung Hlaing
Sebelum
Pendahulu
Jabatan didirikan
Pengganti
Petahana
Sebelum
Wakil Ketua Komisi Keamanan dan Perdamaian Negara
Masa jabatan
31 Juli 2025 – 10 April 2026
Ditunjuk olehDewan Pertahanan dan Keamanan Nasional
KetuaMin Aung Hlaing
Sebelum
Pendahulu
Jabatan didirikan
Pengganti
Jabatan dihapuskan
Sebelum
Wakil Ketua Dewan Administrasi Negara
Masa jabatan
2 Februari 2021 – 31 Juli 2025
KetuaMin Aung Hlaing
Sebelum
Pendahulu
Jabatan didirikan
Pengganti
Jabatan dihapuskan
Sebelum
Wakil Perdana Menteri Myanmar
Masa jabatan
1 Agustus 2021 – 31 Juli 2025
Menjabat bersama Tin Aung San,Mya Tun Oo, Maung Maung Aye, Win Shein, dan Than Swe
PresidenMyint Swe (pejabat)
Min Aung Hlaing (pejabat)
Sebelum
Pendahulu
Tin Hla (2001)
Pengganti
Petahana
Sebelum
Wakil Panglima Tertinggi Angkatan Bersenjata
Masa jabatan
30 Maret 2011 – 30 Maret 2026
PresidenThein Sein
Htin Kyaw
Win Myint
Myint Swe (pejabat)
Min Aung Hlaing (pejabat)
Sebelum
Pendahulu
Maung Aye
Pengganti
Kyaw Swar Lin
Sebelum
Informasi pribadi
Lahir1 Maret 1961 (umur 65)
Mandalay, Uni Burma[1]
Suami/istriThan Than Nwe
AlmamaterAkademi Layanan Pertahanan
Karier militer
PihakImage Angkatan Bersenjata Myanmar
Dinas/cabangImage Angkatan Darat Myanmar
Masa dinas1981–2026
PangkatImage Wakil Jenderal Senior
KomandoWakil Panglima Tertinggi Angkatan Bersenjata, Tatmadaw
Panglima Tertinggi Angkatan Darat Myanmar
Sunting kotak info
Sunting kotak info • L • B
Bantuan penggunaan templat ini

Soe Win (Burma: စိုးဝင်း; pelafalan [só wɪ́ɴ]; lahir 1 Maret 1961) adalah seorang jenderal Burma yang telah pensiun dan ketua Dewan Konsultatif Uni saat ini.

Diangkat setelah pembentukan pemerintah sementara pada 1 Agustus 2021, berbagai peran yang pernah diembannya termasuk Wakil Ketua dari Dewan Administrasi Negara (SAC), Wakil Panglima Tertinggi dari Tatmadaw (Angkatan Bersenjata Myanmar), dan Panglima Tertinggi dari Angkatan Darat Myanmar, yang dijabatnya hingga Maret 2026.[2] Dia juga merupakan anggota Dewan Pertahanan dan Keamanan Nasional (NDSC).[3][4]

Pada Mei 2012, Presiden Thein Sein menunjuk Soe Win ke komite kerja tim pemerintah yang bertanggung jawab untuk bernegosiasi dengan banyak kelompok pemberontak etnis bersenjata.[5] Dia adalah rekan dekat mantan Wakil Ketua Dewan Perdamaian dan Pembangunan Negara (SPDC), Wakil Jenderal Senior Maung Aye.[3][6]

Kehidupan awal dan pendidikan

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Soe Win lahir pada tanggal 1 Maret 1960 di Mandalay, Burma (sekarang Myanmar), dari pasangan Chit Sein dan Kyin Htwe.[7] Pada tahun 1976, ia mengikuti kursus kadet di Akademi Layanan Pertahanan, bersama Ye Htut, lulus dengan predikat cemerlang dalam ilmu militer dan sastra. Soe Win lulus pada angkatan ke-22 pada tahun 1981.[8]

Karier militer

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Pada tahun 1981, Soe Win lulus dari Akademi Layanan Pertahanan (DSA) pada angkatan ke-22.[9] Pada bulan Juni 2008, ia menjadi komandan Komando Regional Utara dari Tentara Myanmar di Negara Bagian Kachin.[10] Pada bulan Agustus 2010, Soe Win menjadi Chief dari Biro Operasi Khusus-6 (BSO-6), mengawasi militer operasi di Chin dan Negara Bagian Rakhine dan Wilayah Magwe.[3][11][12][13][14][15][16]

Image
Soe Win menginspeksi Penjaga Kehormatan, di New Delhi pada 18 September 2018.

Soe Win juga telah menekan Tentara Kemerdekaan Kachin (KIA) untuk berubah menjadi "Pasukan Penjaga Perbatasan" (BGF) di bawah kendali militer.[17][18][19][20][21][22] Meskipun banyak pertemuan antara Soe Win dan KIA pemimpin pada bulan Juli 2009 dan Agustus 2010, KIA tidak menjadi sebuah BGF.[3][23][24][25][26][27]

Image
Soe Win bertemu Jenderal Bipin Rawat, di New Delhi pada 18 September 2018.

Pada bulan September 2011, Tentara Kemerdekaan Kachin (KIA) menuduh Soe Win memerintahkan Tatmadaw tentara untuk menyerang KIA posisi di Negara Bagian Kachin, sehingga melanggar ketentuan beberapa perjanjian gencatan senjata yang ditandatangani sebelum dugaan serangan tersebut.[28][29][30][31][32][33] Soe Win menyangkal klaim tersebut, dengan mengatakan bahwa baik dia maupun siapa pun di Komando Regional Utara tidak memerintahkan serangan terhadap KIA.[3][34][35][36][37][38][39]

Rumor 2024

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Pada bulan April 2024, rumor tersebar luas bahwa Soe Win mungkin menderita cedera parah selama perlawanan serangan drone di Tenggara Komando markas besar di Mawlamyine, Negara Bagian Mon, di mana dia diduga ditempatkan.[40][41] Ketidakhadirannya di hadapan publik selama lebih dari dua minggu memicu spekulasi, terutama setelah laporan serangan drone pada 9 April 2024.[42][43] Kekhawatiran mengenai kondisinya meningkat karena ketidakhadirannya di perayaan Tahun Baru tradisional Myanmar di Naypyitaw, di mana ia biasanya muncul bersama keluarga yang berafiliasi dengan Panglima Tertinggi Kantor dan wali kota Naypyitaw.[44][45] Penampilan publik terakhir Soe Win adalah pada tanggal 3 April 2024, saat berkunjung ke Ba Htoo di Negara Bagian Shan selatan.[46][47]

Meskipun ada penyangkalan resmi, rumor tetap ada, termasuk spekulasi mengenai potensi pembersihan.[48] Laporan menunjukkan meningkatnya dukungan terhadap Soe Win untuk mengambil alih kepemimpinan militer di tengah kemunduran dan perselisihan internal yang terjadi baru-baru ini.[49] Namun, kemunculannya kembali di depan umum pada 30 April 2024 menghilangkan sejumlah ketidakpastian.[50][51][52] Dia ditampilkan di TV pemerintah mengunjungi yang terluka tentara di rumah sakit militer di Mawlamyine, membagikan hadiah uang tunai kepada tentara yang terbaring di tempat tidur atas pengabdian mereka.[53] Ia juga bertemu dengan para menteri utama negara bagian Kayin dan Senin untuk membahas perdamaian dan kemakmuran di sepanjang perbatasan Thailand.[54] Selama interaksinya dengan petugas dari Pusat Komando Tenggara, fokusnya dilaporkan beralih ke masalah perang.[55][56] Kembalinya Soe Win ke hadapan publik memberikan kejelasan di tengah meningkatnya spekulasi dan ketidakpastian.[57]

Tuduhan korupsi

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Soe Win dituduh terlibat berbagai kasus korupsi dan pemerasan selama karier sebagai Panglima Komando Regional Utara dari 2008 hingga 2010.[58][59][60][61][62][63] Soe Win dituduh menerima suap dari perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang jade, kayu, dan emas, dengan imbalan konsesi dari keuntungannya.[64][65][66][67] Soe Win dilaporkan telah menerima 150 juta kyat ($149,254 USD) suap dari jati pengusaha dari Provinsi Yunnan Tiongkok, dengan imbalan mengizinkan perdagangan jati ilegal di perbatasan Myanmar-Tiongkok.[68][69][70][71][72] Pada bulan Maret 2010, ia memerintahkan Tatmadaw tentara di Hpakant, Negara Bagian Kachin, untuk memungut militer pajak dari giok penambangan perusahaan.[3][73][74][75][76][77]

Sanksi

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U.S. Departemen Keuangan telah mengenakan sanksi terhadap Soe Win sejak 10 Desember 2019, sesuai dengan Perintah Eksekutif 13818, yang merupakan dasar dan penerapan Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act dan menargetkan pelaku pelanggaran hak asasi manusia dan korupsi yang serius.[78][79] Soe Win telah melakukan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang serius terhadap anggota kelompok etnis minoritas di Myanmar.[80] Sanksi AS ini mencakup pembekuan aset berdasarkan AS dan larangan transaksi dengan orang AS.[81][82]

Sekitar satu tahun kemudian pada tanggal 11 Februari 2021, Soe Win juga dimasukkan dalam daftar sanksi Kantor Pengawasan Aset Luar Negeri (OFAC) sesuai dengan Perintah Eksekutif 14014, sebagai tanggapannya hingga kudeta militer Myanmar melawan pemerintahan sipil Burma yang terpilih secara demokratis).[83][84]

Pemerintah Kanada telah memberlakukan sanksi terhadap Soe Win sejak 18 Februari 2021, sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Tindakan Ekonomi Khusus dan Peraturan Tindakan Ekonomi Khusus (Burma), sebagai respons terhadap beratnya krisis yang terjadi di Kanada. hak asasi manusia dan situasi kemanusiaan di Myanmar (sebelumnya Burma). Sanksi Kanada mencakup pembekuan aset di bawah Kanada dan larangan transaksi dengan orang Kanada mana pun.[85][86]

Selanjutnya, Dewan Uni Eropa telah mengenakan sanksi terhadap Soe Win sejak 22 Maret 2021, sesuai dengan Peraturan Dewan (UE) 2021/479 dan Peraturan Pelaksana Dewan (UE) 2021/ 480 yang mengubah Peraturan Dewan (UE) No 401/2013, atas tanggung jawabnya atas kudeta militer dan militer dan polisi] berikutnya penindasan terhadap demonstran damai. Sanksi UE mencakup pembekuan aset berdasarkan negara-negara anggota UE dan larangan masuk atau transit ke negara-negara tersebut.[87][88]

Kehidupan pribadi

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Soe Win menikah dengan Than Than Nwe (lahir 1954).[89][90]

Referensi

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  1. ↑ "Soe Win has been the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Myanmar Armed Forces (Tatmadaw) since 2011. He is Vice-Chairman of the State Administration Council (SAC) and member of the National Defence and Security Council (NDSC)". OpenSanctions.
  2. ↑ Templat:Unbulleted list citebundle
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Tatmadaw Deputy Commander-in-Chief – Regime Watch – ALTSEAN Burma". www.altsean.org. Alternative ASEAN Network (ALTASEAN). Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 19 Oktober 2012. Diakses tanggal 7 Mei 2016.
  4. ↑ Templat:Unbulleted list citebundle
  5. ↑ Jonathan Head (28 April 2024). "Is Myanmar's army reversing its losses? It's complicated". BBC News.
  6. ↑ Templat:Unbulleted list citebundle
  7. ↑ Templat:Unbulleted list citebundle
  8. ↑ Templat:Unbulleted list citebundle
  9. ↑ Templat:Unbulleted list citebundle
  10. ↑ Templat:Unbulleted list citebundle
  11. ↑ "Myanmar regime vows to hold 2024 census despite spike in clashes". Nikkei Asia. 5 Januari 2024.
  12. ↑ "Vice-Senior General Soe Win Attends and Delivers a Speech at Meeting 1/2023 of Myanmar Special Economic Zone Central Committee". Myanmar National Portal. 17 Oktober 2023.
  13. ↑ "Vice-Chairman of State Administration Council Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win Attends and Delivers a Speech at Ceremony to Mark 75th Anniversary of Human Rights Day". Myanmar National Portal. 12 Desember 2023.
  14. ↑ "Top Chinese Intelligence Official Visits Myanmar for 'Cooperation' Talks. Major General Yang Yang, acting director-general of the Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department of China's Central Military Commission, met the junta's number two official, Soe Win, for talks on "cooperation between the two armies", state media said". The Irrawaddy. 31 Mei 2023.
  15. ↑ "SAC Vice-Chairman Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win attends reception to mark 75th anniversary of founding Russia-Myanmar diplomatic ties". Myanmar National Portal. 19 Februari 2023.
  16. ↑ "NLD-Tatmadaw relations: strong words, rising tensions". Frontier Myanmar. 18 April 2019.
  17. ↑ "Vice-Chairman of State Administration Council Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Commander-in-Chief (Army) Vice-Senior General Soe Win Comforts Military Personnel, Myanmar Police Force Members, and People's Militia got Injuries in Serving State Defence and Security Duties". Myanmar National Portal. 19 Desember 2023.
  18. ↑ "Vice-Chairman of State Administration Council Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win Inspects Preparations for Hosting Dinner and Entertainment Programmes to honour 76th Anniversary of Independence Day". Myanmar National Portal. 5 Januari 2024.
  19. ↑ "SAC Vice-Chairman Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Commander-in-Chief (Army) Vice-Senior General Soe Win Attends Centennial Celebration of No.1 Military Hospital (700-Bed) and 30th Myanmar Tatmadaw Medical Conference". Myanmar National Portal. 6 Oktober 2023.
  20. ↑ "Vice-Chairman of State Administration Council Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win Pays Homage to Remains of SSMNC Chairman Bhamo Sayadaw, and Inspects Preparations for Final Rites Ceremony". Myanmar National Portal. 13 Juni 2023.
  21. ↑ Michael Sullivan (29 April 2020). "U.N. Envoy Brings New Allegations Of War Crimes Against Myanmar". NPR.
  22. ↑ "US Imposes Sanctions on Myanmar Military Commander Over Rohingya Abuses". Voice of America. 16 Juli 2019.
  23. ↑ "Tracing Myanmar Junta's Repeated Governing Body Shakeups Since Coup". The Irrawaddy. 28 September 2023.
  24. ↑ "Vice-Chairman of State Administration Council Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Commander-in-Chief (Army) Vice-Senior General Soe Win Receives Chiefs of ASEAN Air Forces". Myanmar National Portal. 19 September 2023.
  25. ↑ "SAC Vice-Chairman Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win receives Russian Ambassador to Myanmar who has completed his tour of duty". Myanmar National Portal. 29 Juni 2023.
  26. ↑ "Powerful BGF leader Protecting Chinese- Gangs at Shwe Kokko Declares Autonomous Zone in Myawaddy – Colonel Chit Thu also ends Karen BGF's Proxy Role Under the Junta". Burma News International. 26 Januari 2024.
  27. ↑ "SAC Vice-Chairman Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Commander-in-Chief (Army) Vice-Senior General Soe Win attends closing ceremony of International Army Games-2022". Myanmar National Portal. 29 Agustus 2022.
  28. ↑ "Nationalist Monk Briefly Detained After Joining Chant Calling for Myanmar's Leader to Step Down". The Irrawaddy. 19 Januari 2024.
  29. ↑ "Myanmar's military government pardons 10,000 prisoners to mark Independence Day". BreakingNews.ie. 1 April 2024.
  30. ↑ "Crony Close to Myanmar Junta Boss Arrested as Commodity Prices Soar". The Irrawaddy. 14 September 2023.
  31. ↑ "At the funeral of highly revered Buddhist monk Bhamo Sayadaw Bhaddanta Kumara Bhivamsa on June 6, a solemn-faced Min Aung Hlaing was among those carrying the coffin, continuing the junta boss's efforts to portray himself as the protector of the religion in Buddhist-majority Myanmar. Together with his deputy Soe Win, Min Aung Hlaing earlier carried the coffin of senior monk Zaygon Sayadaw from Naypyitaw's Pyinmana at the monk's funeral after he died in a military plane crash in June 2021". The Irrawaddy. 9 Juni 2023.
  32. ↑ "On March 9, at a regime meeting to discuss budget estimates for the 2023-24 fiscal year, deputy junta leader Vice Senior General Soe Win said the high cost of imported fuel made it necessary to reduce consumption in order to conserve foreign exchange. To address the situation, he said the junta would be exercising greater scrutiny over fuel consumption during this fiscal year, which began on April 1". Frontier Myanmar. 24 April 2023.
  33. ↑ "Myanmar Army's Vice Chairman Heads to Russia". The Irrawaddy. 1 September 2021.
  34. ↑ "Before his purge, Moe Myint Tun, who reportedly took millions of dollars in bribes from business owners, served as the trade chief. In the previous military regime, then leader Than Shwe entrusted that position to his deputy Maung Aye. For whatever reason, Min Aung Hlaing chose Moe Myint Tun over his deputy Soe Win for the role; now, to his shame, he has had to sack Moe Myint Tun for corruption. Min Aung Hlaing has also created deputy prime minister positions to keep Soe Win in check—Soe Htut was one of five in the current regime. The junta chief was however left with no choice as not only Soe Htut but also members of his family abused his position of power to line their own pockets. In another bitter blow, Min Aung Hlaing has been forced to hand the home affairs minister position to Lieutenant General Yar Pyae, a classmate of Soe Win's in the 22nd intake of the Defense Services Academy". The Irrawaddy. 26 September 2023.
  35. ↑ "China, Thailand and India Hold Talks With Myanmar Junta". The Irrawaddy. 5 September 2023.
  36. ↑ Shannon Tiezzi (23 September 2015). "China, Myanmar Talk Border Security at Military Consultation. Myanmar's deputy commander-in-chief visits China for talks, with joint border security high on the agenda". The Diplomat.
  37. ↑ "SAC Vice-Chairman Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Commander-in-Chief (Army) Vice-Senior General Soe Win comforts those receiving treatments at Defence Services Specialty Orthopaedic Hospital (500-bed), special care centre at Defence Services". Myanmar National Portal. 29 Oktober 2022.
  38. ↑ "Vice-Chairman of State Administration Council Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win Attends Ceremonies to Open Maha Thingyan Pavilions (Water-Splashing Pavilions) in Nay Pyi Taw Council Territory". Myanmar National Portal. 18 April 2023.
  39. ↑ "Myanmar Junta Scraps Retirement Age for Its Leaders". The Irrawaddy. 20 Mei 2021.
  40. ↑ "SAC Vice-Senior General Soe Win stresses thorough preparation for Dawei SEZ MOI to ensure mutual benefits". Eleven Media Group. 25 Mei 2024.
  41. ↑ "Rumours swirl about General Soe Win's fate". Mizzima News. 25 April 2024.
  42. ↑ "Junta Watch: Prodding Industry to Go Solar as Blackouts Worsen; Asking Russia to Revive Dawei SEZ; and More". The Irrawaddy. 25 Mei 2024.
  43. ↑ "Missing Junta No. 2, Vice General Soe Win, seen in public again". Mizzima News. 2 Mei 2024.
  44. ↑ "Myanmar's dampened and explosive Thingyan water festival celebration". Mizzima News. 16 April 2024.
  45. ↑ Sebastian Strangio (1 Agustus 2023). "Myanmar Junta Extends State of Emergency for Fourth Time". The Diplomat.
  46. ↑ Mazoe Ford (16 Juni 2021). "The Vice Chief of the Australian Defence Force, Vice Admiral David Johnston, spoke with the Deputy Commander in Chief of the Myanmar military, Vice Senior General Soe Win, on Wednesday. The conversation occurred a week before the economist is due to face court in the South-East Asian nation alongside its ousted leader Aung San Suu Kyi for allegedly violating the official secrets act". Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  47. ↑ "Myanmar: 'World is watching', UN Special Envoy urges military to refrain from violence". UN News. 16 Februari 2021.
  48. ↑ "His No. 2, Vice Senior General Soe Win, commander-in-chief of the army and deputy head of the State Administration Council (as the junta calls itself), disappeared for nearly a month after an April 3 visit to Ba Htoo, a garrison town in southern Shan State, finally reappearing on state TV's evening news on Monday". The Irrawaddy. 30 April 2024.
  49. ↑ Saw Reh (16 April 2024). "KNLA and allies repel Myanmar junta troops trying to reach Myawaddy". Myanmar Now.
  50. ↑ "As Myanmar's Military Stumbles, a Top General's Disappearance Fuels Intrigue". The Irrawaddy. Diakses tanggal 21 April 2024.
  51. ↑ "Wives of Generals Pray for Their Husbands on Myanmar Women's Day". The Irrawaddy. 5 Juli 2023.
  52. ↑ "He's Back: Myanmar Junta No. 2 Returns With His Sights Set on Thai Border". The Irrawaddy. 30 April 2024.
  53. ↑ "UN warns Myanmar military as generals defend power grab". Al Jazeera News. 16 Februari 2021.
  54. ↑ "SAC Vice-Chairman Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Vice-Senior General Soe Win inspects military hospital in Bahtoo station, agriculture and livestock tasks". Myanmar National Portal. 7 April 2022.
  55. ↑ "Junta Watch: Regime Admits It's Not in Full Control; ASEAN Rebuffed, and More". The Irrawaddy. 7 Mei 2022.
  56. ↑ "Vice Senior General Soe Win instructs Loikaw military personnel on effective use of weapons and ammunition". Burma News International. 17 Maret 2023.
  57. ↑ "Myanmar Junta Sacks Commander After Heavy Casualties in Karen State". The Irrawaddy. 1 April 2023.
  58. ↑ Saba Aziz (27 Juni 2018). "Myanmar officials 'played key role' in Rohingya ethnic cleansing". Al Jazeera News.
  59. ↑ "SAC Vice-Chair DPM Vice-Senior General Soe Win attends Film Academy Award Presentation Ceremony". Myanmar National Portal. 7 Mei 2023.
  60. ↑ "SAC Vice Chairman Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win Delivers Addresses at Ceremony to Mark 77th Anniversary of Myanmar Fire Brigade Day". Myanmar National Portal. 9 Mei 2023.
  61. ↑ "SAC Vice-Chair Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win meets ethnic traditional cultural troupes, students from regions and states who will participate in ceremony to honour Diamond Jubilee Independence Day". Myanmar National Portal. 4 Januari 2023.
  62. ↑ "Vice-Chairman of State Administration Council Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win Visits Thingyan Pavilions (Water-Splashing Pandals) in Nay Pyi Taw Council Territory". Myanmar National Portal. 18 April 2023.
  63. ↑ "Inmates' families in Arakan State call for allowing prison visits". Burma News International. 15 Maret 2023.
  64. ↑ Mazoe Ford (16 Juni 2021). "ADF Vice Chief David Johnston calls on Myanmar's junta to immediately release Australian Sean Turnell. The Vice Chief of the Australian Defence Force, Vice Admiral David Johnston, spoke with the Deputy Commander in Chief of the Myanmar military, Vice Senior General Soe Win, on Wednesday". Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  65. ↑ "SAC Vice-Chairman Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win receives Chinese Ambassador to Myanmar Mr Chen Hai". Myanmar National Portal. 29 April 2023.
  66. ↑ "Vice-Chairman of State Administration Council Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win Attends Ceremony to Present Myanmar Motion Picture Academy Awards for 2019, 2020 and 2022". Myanmar National Portal. 9 Mei 2021.
  67. ↑ "AI Calls Out Myanmar Military Chief, Subordinates for Crimes Against Humanity". The Irrawaddy. 27 Juni 2018.
  68. ↑ "Myanmar puts troops on alert after Pita's statements. Myanmar's second-most powerful general has issued a directive to his commanders to keep a closer watch on the Thai-Myanmar border after Thailand's Move Forward Party won the most House seats in the May 14 general election. According to Irrawaddy, Vice Senior General Soe Win said "The Move Forward Party is pro-West and they will assist terrorists … we have to watch the border and get information about them, their movements and their activities. The "terrorists" he referred to are anti-Myanmar regime resistance groups active along the border". Thai PBS World. 23 Mei 2023.
  69. ↑ "Vice-Chairman of State Administration Council Deputy Prime Minister Vice-Senior General Soe Win Receives Chinese Ambassador to Myanmar H.E. Mr. Chen Hai". Myanmar National Portal. 4 Mei 2023.
  70. ↑ "Myanmar Military Deputy Visits Kayah State Amid Heavy Fighting". The Irrawaddy. 16 Maret 2023.
  71. ↑ Htet Naing Zaw (24 November 2020). "NLD Election Win Raises New Questions Over Myanmar Military Chief's Future". The Irrawaddy.
  72. ↑ "Ex-Myanmar Military Officers in Fear After Former General's Assassination". The Irrawaddy. 28 September 2022.
  73. ↑ "Myanmar Regime Orders Ground Forces to Wipe Out Armed Civilian Fighters". The Irrawaddy. 21 Oktober 2021.
  74. ↑ "TATMADAW DAY: General Soe Win speech outlined military's rigid position". Burma News International. 9 April 2019.
  75. ↑ "Myanmar Junta Reshuffles Governing Body". The Irrawaddy. 2 Februari 2023.
  76. ↑ Nan Lwin (7 Juli 2020). "UK Imposes Sanctions on Myanmar Military Chief, Deputy for Abuses Against Rohingya, Others". The Irrawaddy.
  77. ↑ Jayanta Gupta (20 September 2018). "Myanmar's Army commander-in-chief visits Eastern Command". The Times of India.
  78. ↑ Aung Zaw (23 Juli 2019). "US Visa Ban Unlikely to See Military Change Course". The Irrawaddy.
  79. ↑ "Myanmar Junta Pushing Ahead with China-Backed Kyaukphyu SEZ and Port". The Irrawaddy. 6 Agustus 2021.
  80. ↑ "US Slaps Sanctions On Myanmar Army Chief Over Rohingya Killings". IBTimes India. 17 Juli 2019.
  81. ↑ "Treasury Sanctions Individuals for Roles in Atrocities and Other Abuses". U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. 10 December 2019. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 7 Desember 2020. Diakses tanggal 12 April 2021.
  82. ↑ Htet Naing Zaw (1 Juli 2020). "Myanmar Military Makes Major Reshuffle". The Irrawaddy.
  83. ↑ "United States Targets Leaders of Burma's Military Coup Under New Executive Order". The U.S. Department of the Treasury. 11 Februari 2021. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 13 April 2021. Diakses tanggal 4 April 2021.
  84. ↑ "Myanmar won't allow forces inimical to India on its soil: General Soe Win". The Economic Times. 12 Desember 2013.
  85. ↑ "Special Economic Measures Act (S.C. 1992, c. 17)". Justice Laws Website. 4 Juni 1992. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 7 Mei 2013. Diakses tanggal 11 April 2021.
  86. ↑ "Regulations Amending the Special Economic Measures (Burma) Regulations: SOR/2021-18". The Government of Canada. 18 Februari 2021. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 11 April 2021. Diakses tanggal 11 April 2021.
  87. ↑ "Myanmar/Burma: EU sanctions 11 people over the recent military coup and ensuing repression". The Council of the European Union. 22 Maret 2021. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 22 Maret 2021. Diakses tanggal 11 April 2021.
  88. ↑ "Official Journal of the European Union". 22 Maret 2021. hlm. 15–24. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 26 Maret 2021. Diakses tanggal 11 April 2021.
  89. ↑ "Burma-related Designations; Iran-related Designations Removals; Non-proliferation Designations Removals". U.S. Department of the Treasury (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 2022-09-29. Diakses tanggal 2022-08-05.
  90. ↑ "ကာကွယ်ရေးဦးစီးချုပ်ရုံး(ကြည်း၊ ရေ၊ လေ)မိသားစုများ၏ ဒသမအကြိမ် မဟာဘုံကထိန် အလှူတော်မင်္ဂလာ အခမ်းအနားကျင်းပ". Tatmadaw Information Team (dalam bahasa Burma). Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 2020-12-04. Diakses tanggal 2021-02-02.

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