C strings conversion to Python
For C strings represented as a pair char *, int, it is to decide whether or not – the string presented as a raw byte string or as a Unicode string.
Byte objects can be built using Py_BuildValue() as
// Pointer to C string data char *s; // Length of data int len; // Make a bytes object PyObject *obj = Py_BuildValue("y#", s, len); |
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To create a Unicode string and is it is known that s points to data encoded as UTF-8, the code given below can be used as –
PyObject *obj = Py_BuildValue("s#", s, len); |
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If s is encoded in some other known encoding, a string using PyUnicode_Decode() can be made as:
PyObject *obj = PyUnicode_Decode(s, len, "encoding", "errors"); // Example obj = PyUnicode_Decode(s, len, "latin-1", "strict"); obj = PyUnicode_Decode(s, len, "ascii", "ignore"); |
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If a wide string needs to be represented as wchar_t *, len pair. Then are few options as shown below –
// Wide character string wchar_t *w; // Length int len; // Option 1 - use Py_BuildValue() PyObject *obj = Py_BuildValue("u#", w, len); // Option 2 - use PyUnicode_FromWideChar() PyObject *obj = PyUnicode_FromWideChar(w, len); |
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- The data from C must be explicitly decoded into a string according to some codec
- Common encodings include ASCII, Latin-1, and UTF-8.
- If you’re encoding is not known, then it is best off to encode the string as bytes instead.
- Python always copies the string data (being provided) when making an object.
- Also, for better reliability, strings should be created using both a pointer and a size rather than relying on NULL-terminated data.
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