SDE SHEET – A Complete Guide for SDE Preparation

What is SDE Sheet?
SDE Sheet is a list of the most important topics or the most popular questions that are asked in the Software Development Engineer Interviews.
 

How is this sheet different or better from others?
• It doesn’t contain only coding questions.
• It covers all the segments round-wise like MCQs, DSA (Coding Questions), CS Subjects, Puzzles, System Design, Projects.
• It is helpful for both – Freshers and Experienced.

Table of Contents/Roadmap

 
 

Build a Perfect Resume
The sole purpose of a resume is to make you land your dream job. It introduces your qualifications, skills, achievements, and everything regarding your expertise. It helps you land into your career. When you have a perfect resume, nothing can be a hindrance to the best job.
Create and Know how to build a perfect Resume – Free Resume Builder By GeeksforGeeks – Create Resume Online
 

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

 

Data Structures and Algorithms

• Introduction to Data Structures
• Introduction to Algorithm
  

Keep a track of all the DSA problems mentioned below – Practice SDE Sheet
Check out the tutorial videos for all of the problems listed below – SDE Sheet Videos. We will continue to add videos on a daily basis.

ArraysAn array is a collection of items stored at contiguous memory locations. The idea is to store multiple items of the same type together.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Leaders in an array	View	Solve	Watch
Equilibrium point	View	Solve	Watch
Sort an array of 0s, 1s and 2s	View	Solve	Watch
Reverse array in groups	View	Solve	Watch
Convert array into Zig-Zag fashion	View	Solve	Watch
Rearrange array alternatively	View	Solve	Watch
Missing number in array	View	Solve	Watch
K-th element of two sorted Arrays	View	Solve	Watch
Check if two arrays are equal or not	View	Solve	Watch
Kadane’s Algorithm	View	Solve	Watch
Subarray with given sum	View	Solve	Watch
Trapping Rain Water	View	Solve	Watch
Minimum Platforms	View	Solve	Watch
Stock buy and sell	View	Solve	Watch
Largest Number formed from an Array	View	Solve	Watch
Largest subarray with 0 sum	View	Solve	Watch
Swapping pairs make sum equal	View	Solve	Watch

Searching and Sorting

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Binary Search	View	Solve	Watch
Quick Sort	View	Solve	Watch
Merge Sort	View	Solve	Watch
Merge two sorted arrays	View	Solve	Watch
Inversion of Array	View	Solve	Watch
Search in a Rotated Array	View	Solve	Watch
Sorting Elements of an Array by Frequency	View	Solve	Watch
Sum of Middle Elements of two sorted arrays	View	Solve	Watch
K’th smallest element	View	Solve	Watch
Allocate minimum number of pages	View	Solve	Watch

Hashing

Question	Article	Practice	Video
First element to occur k times	View	Solve	Watch
Find the element that appears once in sorted array	View	Solve	Watch
Number of pairs	View	Solve	Watch
Find all pairs with a given sum	View	Solve	Watch
Common elements	View	Solve	Watch
Find all four sum numbers	View	Solve	Watch
Count distinct elements in every window	View	Solve	Watch
Array Pair Sum Divisibility Problem	View	Solve	Watch
Longest consecutive subsequence	View	Solve	Watch
Array Subset of another array	View	Solve	Watch
Zero Sum Subarrays	View	Solve	Watch
Relative Sorting	View	Solve	Watch

MatrixA matrix represents a collection of numbers arranged in an order of rows and columns. It is necessary to enclose the elements of a matrix in parentheses or brackets.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Rotate a matrix	View	Solve	Watch
Spirally traversing a matrix	View	Solve	Watch
Search in a row wise and column wise sorted matrix	View	Solve	Watch
Print all palindromic paths from top left to bottom right in a matrix	View	Solve	Watch
Find the row with maximum number of 1s	View	Solve	Watch
Find median in row wise sorted matrix	View	Solve	Watch
Check if all rows of a matrix are circular rotations of each other	View	Solve	Watch

StringStrings are defined as an array of characters. The difference between a character array and a string is the string is terminated with a special character ‘\0’.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Find first repeated character	View	Solve	Watch
Reverse words in a given string	View	Solve	Watch
Check if string is rotated by two places	View	Solve	Watch
Roman Number to Integer	View	Solve	Watch
Anagram	View	Solve	Watch
Remove Duplicates	View	Solve	Watch
Longest Distinct Characters in the string	View	Solve	Watch
Implement Atoi	View	Solve	Watch
Implement strstr	View	Solve	Watch
Rabin Karp Algorithm	View	Solve	Watch
KMP Algorithm	View	Solve	Watch
Convert a Sentence into its equivalent mobile numeric keypad sequence.	View	Solve	Watch
Longest Common Prefix	View	Solve	Watch
Smallest window in a string containing all the characters of another string	View	Solve	Watch
Uncommon characters	View	Solve	Watch
Minimum indexed character	View	Solve	Watch

Recursion and Backtracking
Recursion: The process in which a function calls itself directly or indirectly is called recursion and the corresponding function is called as recursive function.
Backtracking: Backtracking is an algorithmic-technique for solving problems recursively by trying to build a solution incrementally, one piece at a time, removing those solutions that fail to satisfy the constraints of the problem at any point of time (by time, here, is referred to the time elapsed till reaching any level of the search tree).

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Recursively remove all adjacent duplicates	View	Solve	Watch
Tower Of Hanoi	View	Solve	Watch
Special Keyboard	View	Solve	Watch
Permutations of a given string	View	Solve	Watch
N-Queen Problem	View	Solve	Watch
Solve the Sudoku	View	Solve	Watch
Rat in a Maze Problem	View	Solve	Watch
Word Boggle	View	Solve	Watch
Generate IP Addresses	View	Solve	Watch

Bit ManipulationBit Manipulation is a technique used in a variety of problems to get the solution in an optimized way.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Find first set bit	View	Solve	Watch
Rightmost different bit	View	Solve	Watch
Check whether K-th bit is set or not	View	Solve	Watch
Toggle bits given range	View	Solve	Watch
Set kth bit	View	Solve	Watch
Power of 2	View	Solve	Watch
Bit Difference	View	Solve	Watch
Rotate Bits	View	Solve	Watch
Swap all odd and even bits	View	Solve	Watch
Count total set bits	View	Solve	Watch
Longest Consecutive 1’s	View	Solve	Watch
Sparse Number	View	Solve	Watch
Alone in a couple	View	Solve	Watch
Maximum subset XOR	View	Solve	Watch

Stack and Queue
Stack: A stack is a linear data structure in which elements can be inserted and deleted only from one side of the list, called the top. A stack follows the LIFO (Last In First Out) principle.
Queue: A queue is a linear data structure in which elements can be inserted only from one side of the list called rear, and the elements can be deleted only from the other side called the front. The queue data structure follows the FIFO (First In First Out) principle.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Parenthesis Checker	View	Solve	Watch
Merge Overlapping Intervals	View	Solve	Watch
Stock span problem	View	Solve	Watch
Next larger element	View	Solve	Watch
Largest Rectangular Area in a Histogram	View	Solve	Watch
Queue using two Stacks	View	Solve	Watch
Stack using two queues	View	Solve	Watch
Get minimum element from stack	View	Solve	Watch
LRU Cache	View	Solve	Watch
Circular tour	View	Solve	Watch
First non-repeating character in a stream	View	Solve	Watch
Rotten Oranges	View	Solve	Watch
Maximum of all subarrays of size k	View	Solve	Watch

Linked List A Linked list is a linear data structure, in which the elements are not stored at contiguous memory locations.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Finding middle element in a Linked list	View	Solve	Watch
Reverse a Linked list	View	Solve	Watch
Rotate a Linked List	View	Solve	Watch
Reverse a Linked List in groups of given size	View	Solve	Watch
Intersection point in Y shaped Linked lists	View	Solve	Watch
Detect Loop in Linked list	View	Solve	Watch
Remove loop in Linked List	View	Solve	Watch
n’th node from end of Linked list	View	Solve	Watch
Flattening a Linked List	View	Solve	Watch
Merge two sorted Linked lists	View	Solve	Watch
Pairwise swap of a Linked list	View	Solve	Watch
Add two numbers represented by Linked lists	View	Solve	Watch
Check if Linked List is Palindrome	View	Solve	Watch
Implement Queue using Linked List	View	Solve	Watch
Implement Stack using Linked List	View	Solve	Watch
Given a Linked list of 0s, 1s and 2s, sort it	View	Solve	Watch
Delete without head pointer	View	Solve	Watch

Binary TreeA tree whose elements have at most 2 children is called a binary tree. Since each element in a binary tree can have only 2 children, we typically name them the left and right child.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Height of Binary Tree	View	Solve	Watch
Number of leaf nodes	View	Solve	Watch
Check if given Binary Tree is Height Balanced or Not	View	Solve	Watch
Write Code to Determine if Two Trees are Identical or Not	View	Solve	Watch
Given a binary tree, check whether it is a mirror of itself	View	Solve	Watch
Maximum Path Sum	View	Solve	Watch
Print Left View of Binary Tree	View	Solve	Watch
Print Bottom View of Binary Tree	View	Solve	Watch
Print a Binary Tree in Vertical Order	View	Solve	Watch
Diameter of a Binary Tree	View	Solve	Watch
Level order traversal in spiral form	View	Solve	Watch
Connect Nodes at Same Level	View	Solve	Watch
Convert a given Binary Tree to Doubly Linked List	View	Solve	Watch
Serialize and Deserialize a Binary Tree	View	Solve	Watch

Binary Search TreeBinary Search Tree is a node-based binary tree data structure which has the following properties:

• The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys lesser than the node’s key.
• The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than the node’s key.
• The left and right subtree each must also be a binary search tree.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Check for BST	View	Solve	Watch
Lowest Common Ancestor in a BST	View	Solve	Watch
Ceil in BST	View	Solve	Watch
K-th Largest Element in BST	View	Solve	Watch
Largest BST in Binary Tree	View	Solve	Watch
Merge Two Balanced Binary Search Trees	View	Solve	Watch
Sorted Array to Balanced BST	View	Solve	Watch

Greedy ApproachGreedy is an algorithmic paradigm that builds up a solution piece by piece, always choosing the next piece that offers the most obvious and immediate benefit.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Activity Selection	View	Solve	Watch
N meetings in one room	View	Solve	Watch
Coin Piles	View	Solve	Watch
Maximize Toys	View	Solve	Watch
Page Faults in LRU	View	Solve	Watch
Largest number possible	View	Solve	Watch
Minimize the heights	View	Solve	Watch
Minimize the sum of product	View	Solve	Watch
Huffman Decoding	View	Solve	Watch
Minimum Spanning Tree	View	Solve	Watch

Dynamic ProgrammingDynamic Programming is mainly an optimization over plain recursion. Wherever we see a recursive solution that has repeated calls for same inputs, we can optimize it using Dynamic Programming.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Minimum number of Coins	View	Solve	Watch
Longest Common Substring	View	Solve	Watch
Longest Increasing Subsequence	View	Solve	Watch
Longest Common Subsequence	View	Solve	Watch
0 – 1 Knapsack Problem	View	Solve	Watch
Maximum sum increasing subsequence	View	Solve	Watch
Minimum number of jumps	View	Solve	Watch
Edit Distance	View	Solve	Watch
Coin Change Problem	View	Solve	Watch
Subset Sum Problem	View	Solve	Watch
Longest Palindrome in a String	View	Solve	Watch
Form a Palindrome	View	Solve	Watch
Box Stacking	View	Solve	Watch
Rod Cutting	View	Solve	Watch
Min Cost Path	View	Solve	Watch
Minimum sum partition	View	Solve	Watch
Count number of ways to cover a distance	View	Solve	Watch
Egg Dropping Puzzle	View	Solve	Watch

HeapA Heap is a special Tree-based data structure in which the tree is a complete binary tree.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Heap Sort	View	Solve	Watch
Find median in a stream	View	Solve	Watch
Operations on Binary Min Heap	View	Solve	Watch
Rearrange characters	View	Solve	Watch
Merge K sorted Linked lists	View	Solve	Watch
Kth smallest element in a row-column wise sorted matrix	View	Solve	Watch

GraphA Graph is a non-linear data structure consisting of nodes and edges. The nodes are sometimes also referred to as vertices and the edges are lines or arcs that connect any two nodes in the graph.

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Depth First Traversal	View	Solve	Watch
Breadth First Traversal	View	Solve	Watch
Detect cycle in undirected graph	View	Solve	Watch
Detect cycle in a directed graph	View	Solve	Watch
Topological sort	View	Solve	Watch
Find the number of islands	View	Solve	Watch
Implementing Dijkstra	View	Solve	Watch
Minimum Swaps	View	Solve	Watch
Strongly Connected Components	View	Solve	Watch
Shortest Source to Destination Path	View	Solve	Watch
Find whether path exist	View	Solve	Watch
Minimum Cost Path	View	Solve	Watch
Circle of Strings	View	Solve	Watch
Floyd Warshall	View	Solve	Watch
Alien Dictionary	View	View	Watch
Snake and Ladder Problem	View	Solve	Watch

TrieTrie is an efficient information retrieval data structure. Using Trie, search complexities can be brought to optimal limit (key length).

Question	Article	Practice	Video
Trie | (Insert and Search)	View	Solve	Watch
Trie | (Delete)	View	Solve	Watch
Print unique rows in a given Binary matrix	View	Solve	Watch
Counting the number of words in a Trie	View	Solve	Watch
Longest Common Prefix using Trie	View	Solve	Watch
Auto-complete feature using Trie	View	Solve	Watch
Boggle | Set 2 (Using Trie)	View	Solve	Watch
Minimum XOR Value Pair	View	Solve	Watch
Palindrome pair in an array of words (or strings)	View	Solve	Watch

Operating SystemAn operating system acts as an intermediary between the user of a computer and computer hardware. The purpose of an operating system is to provide an environment in which a user can execute programs conveniently and efficiently.
Below links contains complete Operating System Study Material:

• Commonly Asked Operating Systems Interview Questions
• Last Minute Notes (LMNs) | Operating Systems
• Complete Tutorial on Operating System

 

DBMSDatabase is a collection of inter-related data which helps in efficient retrieval, insertion and deletion of data from database and organizes the data in the form of tables, Links, schemas, reports etc.
Below Links contains complete DBMS study Material:

• Commonly Asked DBMS Interview Questions
• Commonly Asked DBMS Interview Questions | Set-2
• Last Minute Notes (LMNs) | DBMS
• Complete Tutorial on DBMS

 

SQLSQL stands for Structured Query Language. It is a language used to interact with the database, i.e to create a database, to create a table in the database, to retrieve data or update a table in the database.
Below Links contains complete SQL study Material:

• SQL Interview Questions
• SQL Interview Questions | Set-2
• SQL Interview Questions | Set-3
• Complete Tutorial on SQL

 

Computer NetworksA computer network is a system that connects numerous independent computers in order to share information (data) and resources. The integration of computers and other different devices allows users to communicate more easily.
Below Links contains complete Computer Networks study Material:

• Commonly Asked Computer Networks Interview Questions
• Last Minute Notes (LMNs) | Computer Networks
• Complete Tutorial on Computer Networks

 

PuzzlesPuzzles are one of the ways to check your problem-solving skills. These are tricky questions that let you think logically.
Try to solve these 20 most popular puzzles asked in Interviews
 
ProjectsThoroughly revise all the work you have done till now in your projects. The grilling about projects can sometimes be very deep. Also, choose your words before you speak. Mention only those topics where you think you are fine to be grilled upon.
If you haven’t made a project then take an idea from GFG Projects and start working on it.
 
System Design System Design is the process of designing the architecture, components, and interfaces for a system so that it meets the end-user requirements. System Design for tech interviews is something that can’t be ignored!
Almost every IT giant whether it be Facebook, Amazon, Google, or any other ask various questions based on System Design concepts such as scalability, load-balancing, caching, etc. in the interview.

This specifically designed System Design tutorial will help you to learn and master System Design concepts in the most efficient way from basics to advanced level.

Note: We will start uploading videos soon.

Bonus SDE Sheets

You can prepare for several types of interviews here. For instance, if you want to prepare for a Google interview, we have an SDE sheet specifically designed for that purpose. Here we attached the links to the top 5 product based and top 5 Service based preparation SDE Sheets.