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I am looking for terms similar to "spoken language" and "written language" but with a bit more broadness; essentially a general way to categorize speech which is "performed" in the moment it is meant to be received, such as spoken language or sign language (i.e. the speech is not necessarily auditory, but the person you are speaking to must be present to receive the message) vs. speech which is "recorded" and can be accessed later, such as writing, pictograms, or even simple comics, like you would see on Ikea instructions, for example.

It seems to me as though these broader categories ought to exist, especially insofar as they might be useful from an anthropological perspective (e.g. that recording methods such as writing and pictograms are a useful technology that allows people to communicate across time) the but I can't find any discussion on them as such.

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    Just a curious question: On which side is a live chat using written language to be processed immediately? Commented Apr 14 at 10:38
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    This question is very similar: Does (or should) the terms "spoken language" and "speech" include signed language? IMO if you want to be clear you'd be best using "spoken or signed language" rather than "spoken language" (at least until sign language is given the same consideration as spoken language). Commented Apr 14 at 11:26
  • @SirCornflakes Also the reverse: voice memo to self (or the more common voice message). Commented Apr 14 at 12:15
  • I think this would mostly come under speech act theory. speech can be performed and/or recorded. Commented Apr 16 at 13:36
  • spoken and not recorded; spoken and recorded. Commented Apr 16 at 19:56

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Generally, if "spoken" is opposed to "written", then it also includes signed languages; it's only when "spoken" is opposed to "signed" that signed languages are excluded. Which is ambiguous and potentially confusing! But since there is no widely-used writing system for a signed language, it seldom becomes a problem in practice.

If you wanted a clearer term, you could perhaps talk about immediate language versus written language, but this is not a standard term in the field. If you go with a new term like this, you should define it as meaning "spoken or signed, not written" somewhere in your introduction before relying on it.

(The other obvious choice is unwritten language, but that might be interpreted as meaning languages like Sentinelese that have no writing system.)

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I don't believe it has widespread adoption, and this answer is intended to supplement rather than supplant, but one term that might apply is "ephemeral" (noun: ephemera). Here's a volume that uses it in this way.

That which is ephemeral is impermanent, and in the case of an utterance it must (to use Draconis' term) be experienced immediately before it ceases to be. I think this is a good description of auditory or visual signals that disappear as soon as they're produced.

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