1970 United States census
| Nineteenth census of the United States | |
|---|---|
April 1, 1970
| |
 U.S. Census Bureau seal | |
 1970 U.S. census logo | |
| General information | |
| Country | United States |
| Results | |
| Total population | 203,392,031 ( 13.4%) |
| Most populous | California 19,953,134 |
| Least populous | Alaska 302,173 |
The 1970 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States to be 203,392,031, an increase of 13.4 percent over the 179,323,175 persons enumerated during the 1960 census.
This was the first census since 1820 in which New York was not the most populous state—California overtook it in population in November 1962. This was also the first census in which all states recorded a population of over 300,000, and the first in which a city in the geographic South—Houston—recorded a population of over 1 million.
Accurate racial census data was required by both the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the 1970 Census changed to identify race on the basis of self-identification rather than by government census enumerators.[1] Virtually all of the key items from the 1960 census were retained.[2]
Data availability
[edit]Microdata from the 1970 census are freely available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System. These data were originally created and disseminated by DUALabs. Personally identifiable information will be available in 2042.[3]
State rankings
[edit]| Rank | State | Population as of 1970 census |
Population as of 1960 census |
Change | Percent change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  California |
19,953,134 | 15,717,204 | 4,235,930 |
27.0% |
| 2 |  New York |
18,236,967 | 16,782,304 | 1,454,663 |
8.7% |
| 3 |  Pennsylvania |
11,793,909 | 11,319,366 | 474,543 |
4.2% |
| 4 |  Texas |
11,196,730 | 9,579,677 | 1,617,053 |
16.9% |
| 5 |  Illinois |
11,113,976 | 10,081,158 | 1,032,818 |
10.2% |
| 6 |  Ohio |
10,652,017 | 9,706,397 | 945,620 |
9.7% |
| 7 |  Michigan |
8,875,083 | 7,823,194 | 1,051,889 |
13.4% |
| 8 |  New Jersey |
7,168,164 | 6,066,782 | 1,101,382 |
18.2% |
| 9 |  Florida |
6,789,443 | 4,951,560 | 1,837,883 |
37.1% |
| 10 |  Massachusetts |
5,689,170 | 5,148,578 | 540,592 |
10.5% |
| 11 |  Indiana |
5,193,669 | 4,662,498 | 531,171 |
11.4% |
| 12 |  North Carolina |
5,082,059 | 4,556,155 | 525,904 |
11.5% |
| 13 |  Missouri |
4,676,501 | 4,319,813 | 356,688 |
8.3% |
| 14 |  Virginia |
4,648,494 | 3,966,949 | 681,545 |
17.2% |
| 15 |  Georgia |
4,589,575 | 3,943,116 | 646,459 |
16.4% |
| 16 |  Wisconsin |
4,417,731 | 3,951,777 | 465,954 |
11.8% |
| 17 |  Tennessee |
3,923,687 | 3,567,089 | 356,598 |
10.0% |
| 18 |  Maryland |
3,922,399 | 3,100,689 | 821,710 |
26.5% |
| 19 |  Minnesota |
3,804,971 | 3,413,864 | 391,107 |
11.5% |
| 20 |  Louisiana |
3,641,306 | 3,257,022 | 384,284 |
11.8% |
| 21 |  Alabama |
3,444,165 | 3,266,740 | 177,425 |
5.4% |
| 22 |  Washington |
3,409,169 | 2,853,214 | 555,955 |
19.5% |
| 23 |  Kentucky |
3,218,706 | 3,038,156 | 180,550 |
5.9% |
| 24 |  Connecticut |
3,031,709 | 2,535,234 | 496,475 |
19.6% |
| 25 |  Iowa |
2,824,376 | 2,757,537 | 66,839 |
2.4% |
| 26 |  South Carolina |
2,590,516 | 2,382,594 | 207,922 |
8.7% |
| 27 |  Oklahoma |
2,559,229 | 2,328,284 | 230,945 |
9.9% |
| 28 |  Kansas |
2,246,578 | 2,178,611 | 67,967 |
3.1% |
| 29 |  Mississippi |
2,216,912 | 2,178,141 | 38,771 |
1.8% |
| 30 |  Colorado |
2,207,259 | 1,753,947 | 453,312 |
25.8% |
| 31 |  Oregon |
2,091,533 | 1,768,687 | 322,846 |
18.3% |
| 32 |  Arkansas |
1,923,295 | 1,786,272 | 137,023 |
7.7% |
| 33 |  Arizona |
1,745,944 | 1,302,161 | 443,783 |
34.1% |
| 34 |  West Virginia |
1,744,237 | 1,860,421 | -116,184  |
-6.2% |
| 35 |  Nebraska |
1,483,493 | 1,411,330 | 72,163 |
5.1% |
| 36 |  Utah |
1,059,273 | 890,627 | 168,646 |
18.9% |
| 37 |  New Mexico |
1,017,055 | 951,023 | 66,032 |
6.9% |
| 38 |  Maine |
992,048 | 969,265 | 22,783 |
2.4% |
| 39 |  Rhode Island |
946,725 | 859,488 | 87,237 |
10.1% |
| 40 |  Hawaii |
769,913 | 632,772 | 137,141 |
21.7% |
| – |  District of Columbia |
756,510 | 763,956 | -7,446 |
-1.0% |
| 41 |  New Hampshire |
737,681 | 606,921 | 130,760 |
21.5% |
| 42 |  Idaho |
712,567 | 667,191 | 45,376 |
6.8% |
| 43 |  Montana |
694,409 | 674,767 | 19,642 |
2.9% |
| 44 |  South Dakota |
665,507 | 680,514 | -15,007 |
-2.2% |
| 45 |  North Dakota |
617,761 | 632,446 | -14,685 |
-2.3% |
| 46 |  Delaware |
548,104 | 446,292 | 101,812 |
22.8% |
| 47 |  Nevada |
488,738 | 285,278 | 203,460 |
71.3% |
| 48 |  Vermont |
444,330 | 389,881 | 54,449 |
14.0% |
| 49 |  Wyoming |
332,416 | 330,066 | 2,350 |
0.7% |
| 50 |  Alaska |
300,382 | 226,167 | 74,215 |
32.8% |
City rankings
[edit]Locations of 50 most populous cities
[edit]_location_map.svg)
Conclusions
[edit]California took over as the most populous state; New York had previously been ranked number one. While the entire country increased to more than 204 million persons, four states lost population, with West Virginia leading the list, down roughly 7 percent from 1960.[6]
On April 25, 1973, the Census Bureau announced the results of a reanalysis of the 1970 census. The report estimated that the census undercounted approximately 5.33 million people, for a net undercount rate of 2.5%. This would have made the population approximately 208.7 million. Of those undercounted, an estimated 3.45 million were white, and 1.88 million were black.[7]
Notes
[edit]- ↑ Hephzibah V. Strmic-Paul, Brandon A. Jackson, and Steve Garner, "Race Counts: Racial and Ethnic Data on the U.S. Census and the Implications for Tracking Inequality," Sociology of Race and Ethnicity 4, no. 1 (2018): 1–13.
- ↑ Goldfield, Edwin D. (1969). "Relevant Data for Political Science in the 1970 Census". PS: Political Science & Politics. 2 (3): 308–314. doi:10.2307/418367. ISSN 0030-8269. JSTOR 418367.
- ↑ "The "72-Year Rule" – History". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on October 4, 2015. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
- ↑ Gibson, Campbell (June 1998), Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, U.S. Census Bureau, archived from the original on September 2, 2017
- ↑ "Regions and Divisions". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2014.
- ↑ http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1970/Apollo-13/12303235577467-2/#title "1970 Year in Review, UPI.com". Accessed April 8, 2009. Archived May 4, 2009.
- ↑ Kovach, Bill (April 26, 1973). "Census Bureau Reports It Overlooked 5,300,000 People in 1970". The New York Times. Retrieved April 27, 2021.
External links
[edit]- Historic US Census data
- 1971 U.S Census Report, with estimated 1970 Census results
- 1970 Census of Population
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