British Rail Class 155
| British Rail Class 155 Super Sprinter | |
|---|---|
 An Arriva Rail North Class 155 at Hull Paragon in 2019 | |
 The interior of a Northern Rail Class 155 | |
| In service | 4 August 1987–present |
| Manufacturer | Leyland Bus |
| Order nos. |
|
| Built at | Workington[2] |
| Family name | Sprinter |
| Replaced | BR First-Generation DMUs |
| Constructed | 1986–1987 |
| Entered service | 1988[2] |
| Refurbished | 2006–2007 |
| Number built |
|
| Number in service | 7 |
| Formation |
|
| Diagram |
|
| Fleet numbers |
|
| Capacity | 160 seats[4] (80 per vehicle)[1] |
| Owner | Porterbrook[5] |
| Operators | |
| Depot | Botanic Gardens TMD (Hull) |
| Lines served | |
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Steel |
| Car length | 23.208 m (76 ft 1.7 in) |
| Width | 2.700 m (8 ft 10.3 in) |
| Height | 3.746 m (12 ft 3.5 in) |
| Doors |
|
| Wheelbase |
|
| Maximum speed | 75 miles per hour (121 km/h) |
| Weight |
|
| Prime mover | 2 × Cummins NT855-R5[3][1] (one per vehicle) |
| Engine type | Inline-6 4-stroke turbo-diesel[7] |
| Displacement | 14 L (855 cu in) per engine[7] |
| Power output | 430 kW (570 hp) total |
| Transmission | Voith T 211 r (hydrokinetic) (one per vehicle)[3] |
| HVAC | Warm air & hot-water radiators |
| UIC classification | 2′B′+B′2′ |
| Bogies |
|
| Minimum turning radius | 90 m (295 ft 3 in) |
| Braking system | Electro-pneumatic (tread) |
| Safety systems | |
| Coupling system | BSI |
| Multiple working | Within class, plus Classes 14x, 15x and 170[3] |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge |
| Notes/references | |
| As-built specifications sourced from[6] except where otherwise noted. | |
The British Rail Class 155 Super Sprinter is a diesel multiple unit passenger train. The units were built by Leyland Bus at Workington between 1986 and 1987, as part of British Rail's replacement of its ageing first-generation diesel fleet; it incorporated some Leyland National bus components. There were 42 units built, of which only 7 remain; the other 35 units were converted to Class 153 railcars.
Background
[edit]By the beginning of the 1980s, British Rail (BR) operated a large fleet of first generation DMUs, which had been constructed in prior decades to various designs.[8] While formulating its long-term strategy for this sector of its operations, British Rail planners recognised that there would be considerable costs incurred by undertaking refurbishment programmes necessary for the continued use of these aging multiple units. Planners instead examined the prospects for the development and introduction of a new generation of DMUs to succeed the first generation.[9]
The initial specification was relatively ambitious, calling for a maximum speed of 90 mph (145 km/h), acceleration comparable to contemporary electric multiple units (EMUs).[9] This specification led to the experimental Class 210 diesel-electric multiple unit. However, it was found to be expensive, and it was recognised that a production model assembled from proven components would possess greater reliability and lower maintenance costs; an availability rate of 85 percent was forecast.[9]
By 1983, experiences with the Class 210 had influenced BR planners to favour procuring a new generation of DMUs, and also to adopt a new specification that was somewhat less demanding than before.[9] Specifically, it was decided to drop the top speed from 90 mph to 75 mph, as testing had revealed the higher rate to deliver no perceivable improvement in journey times due to the typically short spacing of the stations the type was intended to serve.[9] The requests for compatibility with other rolling stock were eliminated, although auto-coupling and auto-connecting functionality was added. In addition to a good ride quality, the specification included a sound level of 90 dB when at full speed, an operational range of 1,000 miles and an interval between major overhauls of five years or 350,000 miles.[9]
The bid submitted by British Rail Engineering Limited (BREL) was heavily based on its successful Class 455 EMU, sharing its body and the majority of its running gear, albeit equipped with two different power trains.[9]
The resulting Class 150 was viewed as unsatisfactory for more-upmarket services. Studies showed coaches could be stretched, providing more internal volume and thus enabling the somewhat cramped two-by-three seating arrangement of the Class 150 to be substituted with a more roomy two-by-two counterpart. These changes could be implemented without impacting much of the benefits of adopting the existing design.[9]
It was identified that this would result in a weight increase and thus a decreased power-to-weight ratio, but it was determined that the performance of the proposed DMU was only slightly lower, and it could achieve similar journey times across the intended cross-country routes as the Class 150.[9] It was also found that, while there was a slight increase in fuel consumption due to the changes, the envisioned DMU had lower fuel consumption than locomotive-hauled trains and lower maintenance costs. Accordingly, it was decided to proceed with developing a detailed specification and issuing it to industry.[9] Amongst the requirements listed in the issued specification was the explicit statement of the acceptability of the proven power trains of both the Class 150 and Class 151.[9]
Description
[edit]
Class 155 units are formed of two 23-metre-long (75 ft 6 in) vehicles, a stretch of 3 m (9 ft 10 in) per vehicle compared to Class 150 units.[9] Each vehicle is fitted with an underfloor-mounted Cummins NT855-R5 turbo-diesel engine, producing up to 213 kW (285 hp), driving both axles of the inside-end bogie via a Voith hydrokinetic transmission.[1]
The fleet was part of the Super Sprinter build; the other part of which was the Class 156 fleet, of which only the latter carried the branding. They were manufactured by British Leyland, who used similar construction techniques to those used on the more basic Pacer railbuses. The relatively lightweight body, which was mounted on a welded floor assembly, comprised a series of pre-formed panels that were fixed together via the extensive use of Avdel rivets. The body is lined with a somewhat large number of windows, which is said to make the coaches appear unusually long; despite considerations towards adopting sealed windows to reduce noise levels, the windows are openable for natural ventilation.[9]
Fleet details
[edit]
Model railways
[edit]In 2000, Hornby Railways launched its first version of the Class 155 in OO gauge.[10]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- 1 2 3 4 Fox & Hughes 1994, pp. 32–33
- 1 2 3 Marsden 2011, p. 118
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Class 155". The Railway Centre. Archived from the original on 9 March 2005.
- ↑ Bevan Brittan LLC (26 March 2014). The Northern Interim Franchise Agreement (PDF). London: Department for Transport. M-10204941-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2015. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
- ↑ Dunn, Pip (4 September 2024). "Sprinters: the privatisation years". Feature Rolling Stock. Rail Magazine. No. 1017. pp. 38–43.
- 1 2 Vehicle Diagram Book No. 220 for Diesel Multiple Unit Trains (Railcars) (PDF). Derby: British Railways Board. 1982. DP248, DP249. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2016 – via Barrowmore MRG.
- 1 2 Marine Engine General Data Sheet N/NT/NTA 855-M (PDF). Columbus, Indiana: Cummins Engine Company. 18 February 2002. p. 1. DS-4962. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
- ↑ St John Thomas, David; Whitehouse, Patrick (1990). BR in the Eighties. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 978-0-7153-9854-8. OCLC 21292984. OL 11253354M. Wikidata Q112224535.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Shore, A.G.L. (1987). "British Rail Diesel Multiple Unit Replacement Programme". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Transport Engineering. 201 (2): 115–122. doi:10.1243/PIME_PROC_1987_201_165_02. ISSN 0265-1904. S2CID 109194039.
- ↑ "Hornby BR Class 155 Sprinter". Hornby Railways Collector Guide. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
Sources
[edit]- Fox, Peter; Hughes, Barry (1994). DMUs & Channel Tunnel Stock. British Railways Pocket Book No.3 (7th ed.). Platform 5. ISBN 978-1-872524-59-7. OCLC 655359645. OL 12078214M. Wikidata Q112224435.
- Marsden, Colin J. (2011). Traction Recognition (2nd ed.). Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7110-3494-5. OCLC 751525080. OL 26823660M. Wikidata Q112224327.
External links
[edit]
