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Daduhepa

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Daduhepa
Queen consort of Hittite
Tenurec. 1400 BC

Daduhepa (also written Daduḫepa or Duduḫepa; fl. c. 1400 BC) was a Hittite queen (Tawananna) who reigned in the 15th or 14th century BC. Her lineage is obscure, but she is believed to have been the consort of either Tudḫaliya I or Šuppiluliuma I.

Biography

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Daduhepa was one of the queens of the Hittite New Kingdom, and was one of the first Hittite queens to have a Hurrian name after Hittite incorporated that group into their kingdom.[1]

In some sources, Daduhepa is stated to have been a wife of Šuppiluliuma I along with Henti, who also had a Hurrian name.[1][2] In this case, she would have had the sons Arnuwanda II and Muršili II.[3]

In more recent studies, evidence points to Daduhepa being the consort of Šuppiluliuma's father, who is known as Tudḫaliya or Tašmišarri. Because she was written about as being queen during her son's rule, Daduhepa is believed to have outlived her husband and maintained her status of queen, as per the Tawananna tradition.[4] She has been found depicted and named on several seals alongside her son Šuppiluliuma. She retained her status until her death around 1345 BC, after which Henti, the first wife of Šuppiluliuma, assumed the title of Tawananna and the queenship.[citation needed]

References

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Notes

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  1. 1 2 Güterbock, 387.
  2. ↑ Bryce, 25.
  3. ↑ Gamer-Wallert, 188.
  4. ↑ Bryce, 26.

Bibliography

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  • Güterbock, Hans (1 October 1954). "The Hurrian Element in the Hittite Empire". Journal of World History. 2 (2). Editions de la Baconnière: 383–395. ProQuest 1298903346.
  • Bryce, Trevor (1989). "Some Observations on the Chronology of Šuppiluliuma's Reign" (PDF). Anatolian Studies. 39. British Institute at Ankara: 19–30. doi:10.2307/3642809. JSTOR 3642809. S2CID 163090197.
  • Gamer-Wallert, Ingrid (1992). Troia: Brücke zwischen Orient und Okzident (in German). Attempto Verlag. ISBN 9783893081509.
Hittite New Kingdom royal family tree according to Trevor Bryce
  • (1) = 1st spouse
  • (2) = 2nd spouse
  • Small caps indicates a Great King (LUGAL.GAL) of the Land of Hatti; italic small caps indicates a Great Queen or Tawananna.
  • Dashed lines indicate adoption.
  • Solid lines indicate marriage (if horizontal) or parentage (if vertical).
References:
  • Trevor Bryce (1997). The Kingdom of the Hittites. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
  • Trevor Bryce (2005). The Kingdom of the Hittites (new edition). Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
  • Trevor Bryce (2012). The World of the Neo-Hittite Kingdoms. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
  • Jacques Freu (2007). Les débuts du nouvel empire hittite. Paris, France: L'Harmattan.
  • Volkert Haas (2006). Die hethitische Literatur. Berlin, Germany: de Gruyter.
Notes:
  1. ↑ Scholars have suggested that Tudhaliya I/II was possibly a grandson of the Hittite king Huzziya II; the first Tudhaliya is now known to be the son of Kantuzzili (Bryce 1997, p. 131 suggested Himuili, but the new edition, Bryce 2005, p. 122, indicated Kantuzzili).
  2. ↑ Bryce (1997) does not consider it clear whether Tudhaliya I/II was one king or two (p. 133); the link points to Tudhaliya II. Among those who identify distinct kings Tudhaliya I and Tudhaliya II, Freu (2007) has Kantuzzili—his son Tudhaliya I—his son Hattusili II—his son Tudhaliya II (p. 311).
  3. 1 2 3 Bryce (1997), p. 139.
  4. ↑ The existence of Hattusili II is doubted by many scholars (Bryce 1997, pp. 153–154; Bryce 2005, p. 141). Among those who accept the existence of Hattusili II, Freu (2007), p. 311, has Tudhaliya I—his son Hattusili II—his son Tudhaliya II.
  5. ↑ Bryce (1997), p. 158.
  6. ↑ Bryce (1997), p. 172.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Bryce (1997), p. 174.
  8. 1 2 Bryce (1997), p. 168.
  9. ↑ Also known as Malnigal; daughter of Burnaburias II of Babylonia (Bryce 1997, p. 173).
  10. ↑ ‘Great priest’ in Kizzuwadna and king (lugal) of Aleppo (Bryce 1997, p. 174).
  11. 1 2 3 4 King (lugal) of Carchemish.
  12. ↑ Bryce (1997), pp. 174, 203–204.
  13. ↑ Zannanza died on his way to Egypt to marry a pharaoh's widow, probably Ankhesenpaaten, the widow of Tutankhamun (Bryce 1997, pp. 196–198).
  14. ↑ Bryce (1997), p. 227.
  15. 1 2 3 Bryce (1997), p. 230.
  16. ↑ Bryce (1997), p. 220.
  17. ↑ Bryce (1997), p. 222.
  18. ↑ Haas (2006), p. 91.
  19. ↑ Massanauzzi married Masturi, king of the Seha River Land (Bryce 1997, p. 313).
  20. ↑ Bryce (1997), p. 296.
  21. ↑ Puduhepa was the daughter of the Kizzuwadnan priest Pentipsarri (Bryce 1997, p. 273).
  22. ↑ Bryce (1997), pp. 346, 363.
  23. ↑ King (lugal) of Tarhuntassa (Bryce 1997, p. 296); apparently later Great King of Hatti (Bryce 1997, p. 354).
  24. ↑ Nerikkaili married a daughter of Bentesina, king of Amurru (Bryce 1997, p. 294).
  25. ↑ Two daughters of Hattusili III were married to the pharaoh Ramesses II; one was given the Egyptian name Ma(hor)nefrure. Another, Gassuwaliya, married into the royal house of Amurru. Kilushepa was married to a king of Isuwa. A daughter married into the royal family of Babylon. A sister of Tudhaliya IV married Sausgamuwa, king of Amurru after his father Bentesina. From Bryce (1997), pp. 294 and 312.
  26. ↑ Bryce (1997), p. 332.
  27. ↑ Bryce (1997), p. 363. Tudhaliya IV probably married a Babylonian princess, known by her title of Great Princess (dumu.sal gal) (Bryce 1997, pp. 294, 331).
  28. ↑ Bryce (1997), p. 363.
  29. 1 2 Bryce (1997), p. 361.
  30. ↑ Last documented Great King of the Land of Hatti.
  31. ↑ King and then Great King of Carchemish (Bryce 1997, pp. 384–385).
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