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Juan Mora Fernández

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Juan Mora Fernández
Image
Portrait by Lorenzo Fortino
15th President of the Supreme Court of Justice
In office
13 May 1850 – 4 July 1854
Preceded byRafael Ramírez Hidalgo
Succeeded byRafael Ramírez Hidalgo
Vice Head of State of Costa Rica
In office
July 1842 – 11 September 1842
PresidentFrancisco Morazán
Preceded byManuel Antonio Bonilla Nava
Succeeded byFrancisco Oreamuno Bonilla
In office
11 April 1837 – 27 May 1838
PresidentManuel Aguilar Chacón
Preceded byManuel Fernández Chacón
Succeeded byMiguel Carranza Fernández
1st Head of State of Costa Rica
In office
8 September 1824 – 8 March 1833
DeputyMariano Montealegre Bustamante
José Rafael Gallegos
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byJosé Rafael Gallegos
Personal details
Born12 July 1784
San José, Captaincy General of Guatemala, Spanish Empire
Died16 November 1854(1854-11-16) (aged 70)
San José, Costa Rica
PartyIndependent
Spouse
Juana Josefa Castillo Palacios
​
​
(m. 1819)​
Children11

Juan Mora Fernández (12 July 1784 – 16 November 1854) was a Costa Rican educator and statesman who served as the 1st Head of State of Costa Rica from 1824 to 1833.[1] He was considered a liberal. Mora was indirectly elected as the first head of state in 1824 (provisional until 1825) and left office at the end of his second term.[2][3]

He is remembered for instituting land reform, and he followed a progressive course. As a consequence of his land reform structure, he inadvertently created an elite class of powerful coffee barons. Under his tenure he signed the Acta de Indepencia. The barons eventually overthrew one of his later successors, José María Alfaro Zamora.

From 1850 to 1854 he was Magistrate and President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Costa Rica; he died shortly after he resigned. The first printing press arrived in Costa Rica under his tenure.[4]

Biography

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Juan Mora Fernàdez was born on July 12, 1788, in San José, Costa Rica, to Mateo Mora Valverde and Lucia Encarnación Fernàndez. He attended his primary school in San José and studied Latin grammar and philosophy in León, Nicaragua. He also became a teacher and a principal in a primary school in Alajuela. He became secretary at the city hall at San José, participated actively for the struggle of independence, joined the Junta Superior Gebernativa between 1821 and 1824. He also became a head of Congress and the Supreme Court of Justice.[5]

References

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  1. ↑ Murphy, Paul (2003). Insight Costa Rica. Langenscheidt Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-88729-137-1.
  2. ↑ Nohlen, Dieter (2005-04-14). Elections in the Americas A Data Handbook Volume 1: North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-155793-4.
  3. ↑ Busey, James L. (1961). "The Presidents of Costa Rica". The Americas. 18 (1): 55–70. doi:10.2307/979752. ISSN 0003-1615.
  4. ↑ Murphy, Paul; Guides, Insight (2003). Insight Costa Rica. Langenscheidt Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-88729-137-1.
  5. ↑ Diaz-Arias, David; Hurtado, Ronny Viales; Hernández, Juan José Marín (2018). Historical Dictionary of Costa Rica. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-5381-0242-8.
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