Ramphocelus
| Ramphocelus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Brazilian tanager (Ramphocelus bresilius) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Thraupidae |
| Genus: | Ramphocelus Desmarest, 1805 |
| Type species | |
| Tanagra bresilia Linnaeus, 1766 | |
| Species | |
|
See species list | |
Ramphocelus is a Neotropical genus of birds of the tanager family. They have enlarged shiny whitish or bluish-grey lower mandibles, which are pointed upwards in display. However, this is greatly reduced in the females of most species. Males are black and red, orange or yellow, while females resemble a duller version of the males, or are brownish or greyish combined with dull red, orange or yellowish.
Ramphocelus tanagers are found in semi-open areas. The nest is a cup built by the female of plant materials such as moss, rootlets, and strips of large leaves like banana or Heliconia, and is often in a fairly open site in a tree. The female usually lays pale blue eggs, with grey, brown or lavender spots, and the young stay in the nest for only about 12 days.
The songs of this genus are repetitions of rich one- or two-syllable whistles.
Ramphocelus tanagers hunt at forest edges or in second growth, taking insects in flight or picking them from leaves.
Taxonomy
[edit]The genus Ramphocelus was introduced by the French zoologist Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest in 1805.[1] The name combines the Ancient Greek words rhamphos "bill" and koilos "concave".[2] The type species was designated as the Brazilian tanager by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1855.[3][4]
The other species form two superspecies. One includes crimson-backed, Huallaga, silver-beaked and Brazilian tanagers, and the other comprises Passerini's, Cherrie's and flame-rumped tanagers.
The subspecies icteronotus of the flame-rumped tanager is sometimes considered a separate species, and the lemon-rumped tanager, R. icteronotus, and Passerini's and Cherrie's tanager were formerly lumped as scarlet-rumped tanager, R. passerinii (a treatment some authorities still prefer).
Species
[edit]The genus contains eight species:[5]
| Male | Female | Common name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Crimson-collared tanager | Ramphocelus sanguinolentus |  | |
.jpg) | .jpg) | Flame-rumped tanager | Ramphocelus flammigerus |  |
.jpg) |  | Scarlet-rumped tanager | Ramphocelus passerinii |  |
 |  | Brazilian tanager | Ramphocelus bresilia |  |
 | Huallaga tanager | Ramphocelus melanogaster |  | |
 |  | Silver-beaked tanager | Ramphocelus carbo |  |
.jpg) | ,_Careiro_da_V%C3%A1rzea,_Amazonas,_Brazil.jpg) | Masked crimson tanager | Ramphocelus nigrogularis |  |
.jpg) | _female.jpg) | Crimson-backed tanager | Ramphocelus dimidiatus |  |
References
[edit]- ↑ Desmarest, Anselme Gaëtan (1805). Histoire naturelle des Tangaras, des Manakins et des Todiers (in French). Paris: Imprimarie de H. Perronneau. Plate 28 text.
- ↑ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 330. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ↑ Gray, George Robert (1855). Catalogue of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds Contained in the British Museum. London: British Museum. p. 148.
- ↑ Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1970). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 13. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 310.
- ↑ AviList Core Team (2025). "AviList: The Global Avian Checklist, v2025". doi:10.2173/avilist.v2025. Retrieved 29 April 2026.
Sources
[edit]- ffrench, Richard (1991). A Guide to the Birds of Trinidad and Tobago (2nd ed.). Comstock Publishing. ISBN 0-8014-9792-2.
- Hilty, Birds of Venezuela, ISBN 0-7136-6418-5
- Morton, Isler & Isler, Tanagers ISBN 0-7136-5116-4
- Stiles and Skutch, A guide to the birds of Costa Rica ISBN 0-8014-9600-4
- Steve N. G. Howell and Sophie Webb (1995). A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-854012-4.
- S. J. Hackett (1996). "Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of tanagers in the genus Ramphocelus (Aves)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 5 (2): 368–382. Bibcode:1996MolPE...5..368H. doi:10.1006/mpev.1996.0032. PMID 8728395.
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