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Σ. ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ ΚΡΙΤΙΚΗ ΤΟΥ ΕΘΝΟΦΥΛΕΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΑΛΟΓΟΣ ΑΠΟ ΒΙΒΛΙΚΗ ΕΠΟΨΗ

Σ. ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ ΚΡΙΤΙΚΗ ΤΟΥ ΕΘΝΟΦΥΛΕΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΑΛΟΓΟΣ ΑΠΟ ΒΙΒΛΙΚΗ ΕΠΟΨΗ

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281 views111 pages

Σ. ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ ΚΡΙΤΙΚΗ ΤΟΥ ΕΘΝΟΦΥΛΕΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΑΛΟΓΟΣ ΑΠΟ ΒΙΒΛΙΚΗ ΕΠΟΨΗ

Σ. ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ ΚΡΙΤΙΚΗ ΤΟΥ ΕΘΝΟΦΥΛΕΤΙΣΜΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΑΛΟΓΟΣ ΑΠΟ ΒΙΒΛΙΚΗ ΕΠΟΨΗ

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The Shape of the Holy (= ).
. Abd al-Malik (685-705)
7 . ..
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1. .

95
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Christoph Luxenberg13.
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Luxenberg: (Streit um den Koran. Die Luxenberg-Debatte: Standpunkte und
Hintergrnde Berlin 2004, 3 Auflage 2007) Luxenberg
( ):
. Luxenberg
(Die dunklen Anfnge).
H.-H. Ohlig . ,
, ;25 V. Popp 26. C. Gilliot,
A. Sprenger,
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, 27.


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1 H .. 21 . . :
Tremedum 2015. . .. (.), 313 .. 21
. . , : 2014

2 . ,
, 90 (2004), 28-41, 40.

3 . . . , (
), : 2006, 74-79.

4 . , , : 1997, 186-7.
5 . , . -
. , : 2005, 195-221.
. , .
. H .. 21 . . , , :
2008, 373-387.

6 . , 1930 2251.
7 J. Kirchner (ed.), Inscriptiones Graece, II. III. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter 1283 (260/1). Dennis C. Duling,
Ethnicity, Ethnocentrism, and the Matthean Ethnos Biblical Theology Bulletin 25.4 (2005) 125-143, 129.

8 . , 2.80.189. -, . 808. 30-33.


9 J. M. Hall, Ethnic Identity in Greek Antiquity. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press 1997 40. Duling,
Ethnicity, Ethnocentrism (. . 6) 132.

10 . Duling, Ethnicity 129.


11
, , ,
.
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, . . . , ,
. , : 2002
329.

12 . , . -
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13 . . 10, 4: K

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14
(.. . 8, 23 . . 11, 27).

15 (- - ), :
2011, 117 . 118.

16 ) ,
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, ) (. 61, 5-6).
.. ( . 2, 5. . 1, 6. 5, 10).
17 C. Dohmen, Die fnf Fnftel. Komposition und Inhalt der Mosebcher. BiKi 65 (2010) 9-13,
, ( ),

. , ,

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: . ( .
. 49-50: 12 . . ). 1-16
( ). 17-40 (17-24: . 25-40: ). .
( : . . 16:
). : . 1, 1- 10, 10: -). :
. : : (. 33-34 :
. . ).
.. (.) : ,
, ()
. E. Otto, Die Tora im Alten Testament. Entstehung und Bedeutung fr den Pentateuch
BiKi 65 (2010) 19-23, (5-4)
/

.

18 . 17, 11. . 44, 6-9. .2, 45. . 15.25-34. , 89-94.


. 1.1-11. . 2.12.

19 2.104.1-3. 1.28.3. 1.22


20 . . , . . : 2009, 295-298.
: 14, 10
(). . . 13.9.1 (2. 451 ). 16.7.6. 20.2-4 (, ).
. 1.17.10. . 5.5.2. , . 14.96-105. . 2. 282.
/: / tzitzit /tefillin ( . 1, 44. 157-8. . 23, 6).

21 . - ""
51 http://eclass.uoa.gr/modules/document/index.php?
course=SOCTHEOL104&rename=/54b0d95evHWM.
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). . . . D r ewe r m a n n , Strukturen des Bsen. Die jahwistische Urgeschichte in exegetischer
Sicht: Band , Paderborn: Schoeningh 1978 173-175. .,
, : 2006, 49.

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28 :

( . 11, 7). , , .
. . , . A, 1994, 196-7.

29 ,
. 1979
Hadajisi.

. . . 5, 1. 3: .
(bidmut= ) . 2
3
bidmuto= ) (kezalmo)
. :
(be zlm)
(9, 6). . F. Crsemann, Der erste Segen: Gen. 1, 26- 2, 3. bersetzung und exegetische Skizze, BiKi
(2003) 109-117.

30 . 10, 1 .:
. : / - .
.. ( . 1-
11). . Thomas Staubli, Verortungen im Weltganzen. Die Geschlechterfolgen der Urgeschichte mit einem Ikonographischen
Exkurs zur Voelkertafel BiKi 58 (2003) 20-29.

31 : T. Staubli, Abschied vom Turm-Mythos, Suchwege


der Exegese, Bibel heute 142 (2000), 44-47. C. hlinger, Bauen wir uns eine Stadt und einen Turm! Bibel und Kirche 58 (2003)
37-42. G. Miller - F.W. Niehl, Von Babel bis Emmaus. Biblische Texte spannend ausgelegt, Mnchen, 1993.

32


.
.
,
.
. (
) -:
.

33 (. 10, 21-31. 11, 10-32).


: .
. . . .
. .
/.
34 (schem), (scham) (schem) .
(. 10).

35 . , . , , (. . ),
: 1976 9-38, 36.

36 /
(. , ).

37 ;
! .
. .
. . (14,
12-15).

38
12
. ,
, .
(
).

39 5 4 . ,

. .

40 10.000
.
.

41 T. Staubli, Abschied vom Turmmythos. Suchwege der Exegese, Bibel Heute 142 (2000) 44-47, 46.
42 (schem), (scham) (schem)
. sapha
laschon.

43 . . 12, 1-3 , . .
(1, 3-5).

44 , ,
,
. 1, 28
,
. . 19, 24-25
:
.
: ,
. , (. :

: (nachala)
).
-nachala . . J. Ebach, Ihr sollt ein Segen
sein. Das Leiwort und die Bibel. Eine Problemanzeige, BiKi 58 (2003) 62-70.
.

45 . , (. 13), 309 ..
46
,
, (.. ).

47 , . :
, : 2012, 97-102.

48 . , . (2013) 173-184.
: . (2013) 327-350. . . . ,
, 2000.

49 . . 50, 25-26: 25 26
.

50 D.B. Wallace https://bible.org/seriespage/1-matthew-introduction-argument-and-outline (hmer. An;akthshw


01.09.2015): The Gospel concludes with the eleven disciples going to Galilee to receive their final commission from Jesus (28:16-20). This
commission is contrasted with the one in chapter 10, for there they were sent only to Israel; here, they are sent to all nations. The
expansion of the gospels net to include Gentiles is thus seen against the backdrop of the nations rejection of its king. The motifs of
national rejection and Gentile reception of the kingforeshadowed in chapter 2now reach their culmination. And with this
culmination, Matthew has skillfully answered the question about Jesus failure to establish the kingdom: he did not fail; the nation did.
And all who now embrace him as king enter into relation with the king (and hence, the kingdom is beginning to growcf. ch. 13). The
Immanuel, God with us (1:22), is truly with his disciples until the end of the age (28:20b).

51
: 2011 481-489.

52 . . Vi v i a n o , The Gospel according to Matthew, R. E . Br ow n , J. A. Fi t z mye r, R . E. M u r p hy (.): New Jerome


Biblical Commentary, New Jersey 1992, 632-3.

53 . , ,
, (, 26-28
2008), 2008.
54 J .H o l z n e r :
. ,
,
,
, , ' , .
'! '
, . ,
, ,
.
,

! ,
.
. ( [ .
], 1973, 498).

55 . . , , , ,
, : 1992, 361:
'
.
, -
,
.
:
,
.
,
, .
: .
. ,
, ..
.

56 . (PG 61.635) .
57 . Hofius .. 55.
58 Hofius (..) . 2, 12

. 4-5
.

59 (, . 1.12)
, ,
. . . ,
, ( ) 10 (2008)153-161,
159.

60 .. , . , .
.., 2011.

61 M. Theobald, Ofen-dialogisch-(selbst-)kritisch: Die grundlegende Bedeutung historisch-kritischen Arbeitens fr die


theologische Auslegung des Neuen Testaments, BiKi 63 (2008) 240-245.

62 . , ,
: 2008.
. . R.S.
Ascough, The Formation of Pauline Churches? New York: Paulist 1998, 15-16.
, /
. (
) ,
. 23, 15 . . 20. 17-53 (
[ ] 44-47 ..). M.F. Bird
Gentiles for Moses: The Debate about the Nature and Intensity of Jewish Proselytizing Eforts in Ancient Judaism
http://www.bibleinterp.com/articles/gentile357918.shtml

.
, ,
.
. .
http://biblicalstudiesblog.blogspot.com/ (20.08.2010)
,
- -
. -
Bird- , ,

. .
, ,
, ""
, ,
(
"") .
, S. Cohen
"Crossing the Boundaries and Becoming a Jew" (HTR 82: 1989, 13-33)

.
(.. )
.
63 (. 15,
24. 28) , . E.E. Ellis, The Ends of the Earth, BBR 1 (1991)
123-132. (3.1.8),

.

.
.

64 . ., . 15. 1.
65 Bruce Hansen, All of you are one: the social vision of Gal 3:28, 1 Cor 12:13 and Col 3:11. PhD diss. University of St.
Andrews, 2007, 9: For those who would identify as Greeks rather than Jews, their conventional out-group was not Jews, but
barbarians. Thus the inclusion of barbarian evokes the Greek/barbarian social exclusion to balance the Jew/Greek
convention (cf. Rom 1:13-16). As is often noted, Scythian was the barbarian in extremis, so here the formula heightens the call
for inclusion of members from the most excluded out-group.18 Second, David M. Goldenberg has presented persuasive
evidence for a Jewish topos denoting the entire Gentile world using the synecdoche, Scythian and barbarian to refer to the
extremes of the known worldScythian naming the northern pale peoples and barbarian the southern, dark nations.19
Given this evidence, barbarian, Scythian in Colossians may be a restatement of the preceding term, uncircumcised,
emphasizing its universal reach to the ends of the known world. Such a reading suggests that the modifications in the
Colossian version highlight the formulas social implication ofincluding the outsider, even the extreme outsider.

66 : (Totus Christus) (In


Evangelium Joannis 21, 8 PL 35, 1568). . , (In
Ps. 127, 3 PL 37, 1679). . , : .
, , 78-100, 89.

67 . (), , ,
/ , : 2003, 27-45, 41-42.
,
,
, .

68 .
(),
. , 94. . ( :
, , / ,
: 2003, 339-373, 340) :
.
. . , . .

69 . . , , : 2004, ad loc. . . 2,9-10:




70 , : 1989, 110.
71 . , .. 365-366.
72 (<ghetto < ghettare = , ) ,
16 .

73 . . :
, .

74 . , : 1968, 56.
75 . . , . ..,
: 1997.
76 A. Kiesow, Schwarz, stark und schoen. Schwarze Mennschen in alttestamentlichen
Texten. BiKi 67 (2012Afrika in der Bibel. Die Bibel in Afrika) 134-137.
.

77 . . , . ,
2003257. 259.

78 ( = , . ,
,, )

79 . , , : 1996, . 54-58.

80 , . (.), . ,
2003, . 103-108, . 106. O :
. ,
, ,
.
, , . [].

.

81 D. Zakynthinos, Byzance et les peoples de l Europe du Sud-Est. La Synthese byzantine. Actes du Premier Congres international des
etudes balkaniques et sud est europeenes III , Sofia 1969, 22.

82 35 :
, . 8
, (.
12 ).
34 ,

.
. . 9 :

.

83 . , :
, :
2007, 393-403, 394-5. .
: )
,
, .
. )
,
.
,
.

84 , , . ,
1979.

85 . . , , 1993, 13-15.
86 73 18 . 48 .
.
87 , . , :
2002, passim.

88 M. Wolter, Paulus Ein Grundriss seiner Theologie, Neukirchen-Vluyn 2011 137-138.


89 : - http://books.google.gr/books?
id=pMDxAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA1038&lpg=PA1038&dq=%CE%91%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%80%CE
%B5%CF%82+%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF
%82&source=bl&ots=xCYw6QD79J&sig=y0RGLY763OzcKaD0K-z-uEbUDIk&hl=el&sa=X&ei=8NunU_6PB-
Sf7AaKrYD4Aw&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%CE%91%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%80%CE
%B5%CF%82%20%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82&f=false

90 . 45:14 :


. . 56, 3-8 + . 3, 13-14.

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