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3
3.23 ( ):
. 1=1,2 cm2
2=0,4 cm2 h=4 cm .
. g = 10m/s2
Bernoulli 1 2 :
1
1
P1 12 gh P2 22
2
2
(1)
, P1 P2 P
, (1) :
1
1
1
1
1
1
P 12 gh P 22 12 gh 22 12 gh 22
2
2
2
2
2
2
12 2 gh 22
(2)
:
2 2
1
(3) (2) :
1 2 11 2 2 1
(3)
2 2
2 gh 22 2 2 2 gh 22 2 gh 22 2 2
1
1
1
2
2
2 2
2 2 gh 1 2 22 22
2 gh
1
1
2
2
22
2 10
2gh
1 2
1
m
4 10 2 m
2
9 2 10 4 10 2 m 2
m
s
22
2 90 10 2
2
1
8
s
s
1
9
2 90 101
m
s
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m
m3
2 2 4 10 6 90
s
s
m3
m3
2 2 1440 10 6
2 2 12 10 10 6
s
s
2 2 0,4 10 4 m 2 90 10 1
3.24 ( ):
, h = 1,8 m
, =0,5 cm2.
1 L ; g = 10m/s2.
S.I. :
0,5cm 2 5 10 5 m 2
, 1L 10 3 m 3
() () Bernoulli :
1
1
(1)
P 2 gh P 2
2
2
, 0 .
E = K = at ,
(1) :
1
m
gh 2 2 gh 2 10 2 1,8m 6m / s
2
s
, ( ) : 6m / s
: 5 10 5 m 2 6
m
m3
3 10 4
s
s
3 10 4 m 3
.
,
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1s 3 10 4 m 3
10 3 m 3
t
10 3
10
, t
s s
4
3
3 10
( :
V
V
10 3 m 3
10
t
s)
3
t
3
m
3 10 4
s
3.25 ( ): (. ).
1=10-2m2 A2 =A1/2.
= 2x10-2m3/s.
. = 103kg/m3.
Bernoulli :
1
1
1
1
1
P 2 P 2 P P 2 2 P P 2 2 (1)
2
2
2
2
2
:
m3
s 2m / s
1
2
2
1
10 m
2 10 2
1 2 1 2 1
4m / s
2
2
(1) :
2
2
1
kg m m
P P 1000 3 4 2 6.000Pa
2
m s s
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3.26 ( ): (.
) 1 = 10m/s.
16 cm2 20 cm2, .
) m3 ;
) ;
= 103kg/m3.
105Pa.
S.I.
16cm 2 16 10 4 m 2
20cm 2 20 10 4 m 2
, P P 105 Pa
) :
11 16 10 4 m 2 10
m
m3
16 10 3
s
s
16 10 3 m 3 1s .
m 3 1h 3600s .
,
1s 16 10 3 m 3
3600s
V
V 16 10 3 3600m 3 57,6m 3
( :
3
V
3 m
3600s 57,6m 3 )
V t 16 10
s
t
) :
1 2 1 2 2
1 16 10 4 m 2 m
m
10 8
4
2
s
s
20 10 m
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Bernoulli :
1
1
1
1
1
P 12 P 22 P P 12 22 P P 12 22
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
kg
P P 12 22 P 105 Pa 1000 3 36m 2 118.000Pa 118kPa
2
2
m
3.27 ( ):
5m. 10 cm2
=20 m/s. .
= 103kg/m3 g = 10m/s2.
10cm 2 103 m 2
...
m :
W W
0 W W
1
m 2 W mgh
2
1
W m 2 mgh
2
1
W 2 gh m
2
, :
W 1 2
m
(1)
gh
t
2
t
1 m
V
m
m
t
t
t
t
m
m
m
kg
10 3 m 2 20 1000 3 20kg / s
t
t
s
m
(1) :
W ( S . I .)
400 50 20 5000W
2
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3.28 ( ): , ,
(. ).
, ,
=12 m/s. .
h= 10 m .
= 103kg/m3 g = 10m/s2 105Pa.
Bernoulli
P :
1 2
1
P P P gh 2
2
2
( S . I .)
1
P P gh 2 P 105 103 100 72 P 105 28 103
2
5
5
P 10 0,28 10 P 1,28 105 Pa
P gh
3.29 ( ):
(. ).
. 22cm3/s 1
cm2, h
. g = 10m/s2
S.I.
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22
cm 3
m3
22 10 6
s
s
1cm 2 10 4 m 2
m3
22 10
s
m3
22 10
s 22 10 2 m
4
2
10 m
s
6
Bernoulli
:
, 0 .
1
1
P 2 gh P 2
2
2
(1)
(1) :
2
2 m
22 10
2
1 2
s
242 10 5 m
gh h
m
2g
2
2 10 2
s
3.30 ( ): (. )
h. (x)
,
;
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Bernoulli
( )
:
, 0 .
1
1
P 2 g h x P 2
2
2
(1)
, (1) :
1
2
1
2
g h x 2 g h x 2 2 g h x
.
, :
1 2
2x
( )
gt t
2
g
( :
x
s t s 2 g (h x )
2x
s 4(h x) x s 2 4h x x
g
s 2 4hx 4 x 2 s 2 4hx 4 x 2 0 4 x 2 4hx s 2 0 (2)
:
0 16h 2 16s 2 0 h 2 s 2 0 h s
: smax h
(2) :
4 x 2 4hx h 2 0 2 x h 0 2 x h 0 x
2
h
2
3.31 ( ):
. h = 1 m .
20 cm
. :
) .
)
.
)
.
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)
.
g = 10m/s2
) Bernoulli
( )
( y 20cm 0,2m
) :
1
1
P 2 gy P 2
2
2
, 0
(1)
, (1) :
1
1
2
2
) h y
.
gy 2 gy 2 2 gy 2m / s
, :
h y
1 2
2h y
gt t
2
g
)
( :
s t s 2
m
0,4s 0,8m
s
)
s 0,8m .
t : s t
y :
y
1 2
2 y
gt t
2
g
,
2 y
2 y
s 2 2
(2)
g
g
() :
s t s
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2 g h y
(3) ( y
).
(3) (2) :
s 2 2 g h y
2 y
s 2 4h y y s 2 4hy 4 y 2 4 y 2 4hy s 2 0
g
16h 2 16s 2 5,76
, y1, 2
4 2,4
y1 0,2m y 2 0,8m
8
y 2 0,8m 0,2m
.
y1 0,2m .
h
) 3.30: y 0,5m
2
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