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List of premiers of the Republic of China

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the premiers of the Republic of China since 1912. The Republic of China before 1949 controlled mainland China as well as offshore islands. The Republic of China since 1949 has only controlled Taiwan and nearby islands. The current Republic of China is usually known as Taiwan. In the country's history, the official title of the head of government has changed over time.

YearChineseMandarin
Pinyin
Taiwanese
Pe̍h-ōe-jī
Hakka
Pha̍k-fa-sṳ
1912–1914, 1916–1928國務總理Guówù ZǒnglǐKok-bū Chóng-líKoet-vu Chúng-lî
1914–1916政事堂國務卿Zhèngshìtáng GuówùqīngChèng-sū-tông Kok-bū-khingChṳn-sṳ-thòng Koet-vu-khîn
1928–present行政院院長Xíngzhèng Yuàn YuànzhǎngHêng-chèng Īⁿ Īⁿ-tiúⁿHàng-chṳn Yen Yen-tshòng

Premiers, also known as Presidents of the Executive Yuan, are appointed by the Presidents of the Republic of China, but some premiers were even more powerful than the presidents, during the early age of the Republic of China. Some presidents were even expelled by the premiers they appointed. The title of premier in China was changed several times, so this list is divided into several sections.

List

[edit]

  Independent   Beiyang clique, etc.   Progressive   Communications   Kuomintang (Nationalist)   Democratic Progressive

Premiers of the Cabinet (1912–1914)

[edit]
  • Period: 13 March 1912 – 1 May 1914

According to the Provisional Constitution of Republic of China, which was passed in 1912, the leader of the majority party or the majority coalition should be appointed premier by the president.

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Legislature
(elected)
President
1 Image Tang Shaoyi
唐紹儀
(1862–1938)
13 March 191227 June 1912 Tang S. I Communications Clique Provisional
(1912)
Image
Yuan Shikai
(Beiyang clique)
106 days
2 Image Lu Zhengxiang
陸徵祥
Lù Zhēngxiáng
(1871–1949)
29 June 191222 September 1912 Lu I Independent
85 days
3 Image Zhao Bingjun
趙秉鈞
(1859–1914)
25 September 191216 July 1913 Zhao Independent
1st (1912)
294 days
— Image Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
acting
19 July 191331 July 1913 Duan Provisional Beiyang clique
12 days
4 Image Xiong Xiling
熊希齡
(1870–1937)
31 July 191312 February 1914 Xiong Independent
196 days
— Image Sun Baoqi
孫寶琦
(1867–1931)
acting
12 February 19141 May 1914 Sun B. Provisional Independent
78 days

Secretaries of State (1914–1916)

[edit]
  • Period: 1 May 1914 – 21 December 1915; 22 March 1916 – 29 June 1916
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Legislature
(elected)
President
5 Image Xu Shichang
徐世昌
(1855–1939)
1 May 191421 December 1915 Xu S.-C. I Beiyang clique 1st (1912) Image
Yuan Shikai
(Beiyang clique)
1 year, 234 days
(2) Image Lu Zhengxiang
陸徵祥
Lù Zhēngxiáng
(1871–1949)
22 December 191522 March 1916 Lu II Independent
91 days
(5) Image Xu Shichang
徐世昌
(1855–1939)
22 March 191622 April 1916 Xu S.-C. II Beiyang clique
31 days
6 Image Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
22 April 191629 June 1916 Duan I Beiyang clique
Image
Li Yuanhong
(Progressive Party)
68 days

Premiers of the State Council (1916–1928)

[edit]
  • Period: 29 June 1916 – 3 June 1928
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Legislature
(elected)
President
(6) Image Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
29 June 191623 May 1917 Duan I Reshuffled Beiyang clique 1st (1912) Image
Li Yuanhong
(Progressive Party)
328 days
— Image Wu Tingfang
伍廷芳
(1842–1922)
acting
23 May 191712 June 1917 Wu T. Provisional Independent
20 days
— Image Jiang Chaozong
江朝宗
(1861–1943)
acting
12 June 191724 June 1917 Jiang C. Provisional Beiyang clique
12 days
7 Image Li Jingxi
李經羲
(1857–1925)
25 June 19172 July 1917 Li Independent
8 days
During this interval, Zhang Xun was the prime minister of the Restored Qing Imperial Government.
(6) Image Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
14 July 191722 November 1917 Duan II Anhui clique Image
Feng Guozhang
(Zhili clique)
acting
131 days
— Image Wang Daxie
汪大燮
(1859–1929)
acting
22 November 191730 November 1917 Research Clique
8 days
8 Image Wang Shizhen
王士珍
(1861–1930)
30 November 191723 March 1918 Wang S. Zhili clique
113 days
(6) Image Duan Qirui
段祺瑞
(1865–1936)
23 March 191810 October 1918 Duan III Anhui clique 2nd (1918)
201 days
— Image Qian Nengxun
錢能訓
(1869–1924)
10 October 191820 December 1918 Qian Provisional Independent Image
Xu Shichang
(Anhui clique)
71 days
9 20 December 191813 June 1919 Qian
175 days
— Image Gong Xinzhan
龔心湛
(1871–1943)
acting
13 June 191924 September 1919 Gong Provisional Independent
103 days
— Image Jin Yunpeng
靳雲鵬
(1877–1951)
24 September 19195 November 1919 Jin Provisional Anhui clique
42 days
10 5 November 191914 May 1920 Jin I
191 days
— Image Sa Zhenbing
薩鎮冰
(1859–1952)
acting
2 July 19209 August 1920 Sa Provisional Independent
38 days
(10) Image Jin Yunpeng
靳雲鵬
(1877–1951)
9 August 192014 May 1921 Jin II Anhui clique
278 days
14 May 192118 December 1921 Jin III
218 days
— Image Yan Huiqing
(W.W. Yan)

顏惠慶
(1877–1950)
acting
18 December 192124 December 1921 Yan H. Provisional I Independent
6 days
11 Image Liang Shiyi
梁士詒
(1869–1933)
24 December 192125 January 1922 Liang Communications Clique
32 days
— Image Yan Huiqing
(W.W. Yan)

顏惠慶
(1877–1950)
acting
25 January 19228 April 1922 Yan H. Provisional II Independent
73 days
— Image Zhou Ziqi
周自齊
(1869–1923)
acting
8 April 192211 June 1922 Zhou Provisional Communications Clique
65 days
12 Image Yan Huiqing
(W.W. Yan)

顏惠慶
(1877–1950)
12 June 19225 August 1922[note 1] Yan H. I Independent Image
Li Yuanhong
(Research Clique)
54 days
— Image Wang Chonghui
王寵惠
(1881–1958)
acting
31 July 192219 September 1922 Tang S. II Independent
50 days
(1) Image Tang Shaoyi
唐紹儀
(1862–1938)[note 2]
5 August 192219 September 1922 Tang S. II Communications Clique
45 days
13 Image Wang Chonghui
王寵惠
(1881–1958)
19 September 192229 November 1922 Wang C. Independent
71 days
14 Image Wang Daxie
汪大燮
(1859–1929)
29 November 192211 December 1922 Wang D. Research Clique
12 days
— Image Wang Zhengting
王正廷
(1882–1961)
acting
11 December 19224 January 1923 Wang Z. Provisional Independent
24 days
15 Image Zhang Shaozeng
張紹曾
(1879–1928)
4 January 192313 June 1923 Zhang Independent
160 days
— Image Gao Lingwei
高凌霨
(1870–1940)
acting
14 June 192312 October 1923 Gao Acting Zhili clique Premier as
acting President
120 days
12 October 192312 January 1924 Gao Provisional 1st (1912) Image
Cao Kun
(Zhili clique)
92 days
16 Image Sun Baoqi
孫寶琦
(1867–1931)
12 January 19242 July 1924 Sun B. Independent
172 days
— Image V. S. Wellington Koo
顧維鈞
Gù Wéijūn
(1888–1985)
acting
2 July 192414 September 1924 Koo Provisional Independent
74 days
(12) Image Yan Huiqing
(W.W. Yan)

顏惠慶
(1877–1950)
14 September 192431 October 1924 Yan H. II Independent
47 days
— Image Huang Fu
黃郛
(1880–1936)
acting
31 October 192424 November 1924 Huang Acting Political Science Clique Premier as
acting President
24 days
The premiership was abolished from 25 November 1924 to 26 December 1925. Image
Duan Qirui
(Anhui clique)
17 Image Xu Shiying
許世英
(1873–1964)
26 December 19254 March 1926 Xu S.-Y. Anhui clique Dissolved
68 days
18 Image Jia Deyao
賈德耀
(1880–1941)
4 March 192620 April 1926 Jia Anhui clique
47 days
— Image Hu Weide
胡惟德
(1863–1933)
acting
20 April 192613 May 1926 Hu Provisional Acting Zhili clique Premier as
acting President
23 days
— Image Yan Huiqing
(W.W. Yan)

顏惠慶
(1877–1950)
acting
13 May 192622 June 1926 Yan H. Acting Independent
40 days
— Image Du Xigui
杜錫珪
(1874–1933)
acting
22 June 19261 October 1926 Du Provisional Acting Zhili clique
101 days
— Image V. S. Wellington Koo
顧維鈞
Gù Wéijūn
(1888–1985)
1 October 192611 January 1927 Koo Provisional Acting Independent
102 days
19 11 January 192716 June 1927 Koo Acting
156 days
20 Image Pan Fu
潘復
(1883–1936)
20 June 19273 June 1928 Pan Independent Image
Zhang Zuolin
(Fengtian clique)
349 days

Presidents of the Executive Yuan of the National Government (1928–1948)

[edit]
Period: 25 October 1928 – 24 May 1948

When Chiang Kai-shek established the Nanking Nationalist government in 1928, he created a presidency for the Executive Yuan instead of a premiership, in order to show the difference between his government and the previous one in Peking (then renamed Beiping). This government moved to Chongqing during the Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and during the Chinese Civil War relocated to Taipei where it exists today.

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Chairman
21 Image Tan Yankai
譚延闓[1]
Tán Yánkǎi
(1880–1930)
25 October 192822 September 1930 Tan Kuomintang
Image
Chiang Kai-shek
(Kuomintang)
1 year, 332 days
— Image Soong Tse-ven
(T.V. Soong)

宋子文
Sòng Zǐwén
(1894–1971)
acting
25 September 193018 November 1930 Kuomintang
54 days
22 Image Chiang Kai-shek
蔣中正
Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng
(1887–1975)
18 November 193015 December 1931 Chiang K. I Kuomintang
1 year, 27 days
— Image Chen Mingshu
陳銘樞
Chén Míngshū
(1889–1965)
acting
15 December 193128 December 1931 — Kuomintang Image
Lin Sen
(Kuomintang)
13 days
23 Image Sun Fo
孫科
Sūn Kē
(1891–1973)
28 December 193128 January 1932 Sun F. I Kuomintang
31 days
24 Image Wang Jingwei
汪兆銘
Wāng Zhàomíng
(1883–1944)
28 January 19321 December 1935 Wang Kuomintang
3 years, 307 days
(22) Image Chiang Kai-shek
蔣中正
Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng
(1887–1975)
7 December 19351 January 1938 Chiang K. II Kuomintang
2 years, 25 days
25 Image Kung Hsiang-hsi
(H.H. Kung)

孔祥熙
Kǒng Xiángxī
(1881–1967)
1 January 193825 November 1939 Kung Kuomintang
1 year, 328 days
(22) Image Chiang Kai-shek
蔣中正
Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng
(1887–1975)
11 December 193931 May 1945 Chiang K. III Kuomintang
Image
Chiang Kai-shek
(Kuomintang)
5 years, 171 days
26 Image Soong Tse-ven
(T.V. Soong)

宋子文
Sòng Zǐwén
(1894–1971)
31 May 19451 March 1947 Soong Kuomintang
1 year, 274 days
— Image Chiang Kai-shek
蔣中正
Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng
(1887–1975)
acting
1 March 194723 April 1947 — Kuomintang
48 days
27 Image Zhang Qun
張群
Zhāng Qún
(1889–1990)
23 April 194724 May 1948 Zhang Qun Kuomintang
1 year, 31 days

Presidents of the Executive Yuan (1948–present)

[edit]
  • Period: 25 May 1948 – present[2]
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office
Duration in years and days
Cabinet Political party Legislature
(elected)
President
28 Image Weng Wenhao
翁文灝
Wēng Wénhào
(1889–1971)
25 May 194826 November 1948 Weng Kuomintang 1st (1948) Image
Chiang Kai-shek
(Kuomintang)
185 days
(23) Image Sun Fo
孫科
Sūn Kē
(1891–1973)
26 November 194812 March 1949 Sun F. II Kuomintang
106 days
29 Image He Yingqin
何應欽
Hé Yìngqīn
(1890–1987)
12 March 194913 June 1949 He Kuomintang
Image
Li Zongren
(KMT)
acting
93 days
30 Image Yan Xishan
閻錫山
Yán Xíshān
(1883–1960)
13 June 194910 March 1950 Yan X. Kuomintang
Image
Chiang Kai-shek
(Kuomintang)
270 days
31 Image Chen Cheng
陳誠
Chén Chéng
(1898–1965)
10 March 19501 June 1954 Chen C. I Kuomintang
4 years, 83 days
32 Image Yu Hung-Chun
俞鴻鈞
Yú Hóngjūn
(1897–1960)
1 June 195415 July 1958 Yu H. Kuomintang
4 years, 44 days
(31) Image Chen Cheng
陳誠
Chén Chéng
(1898–1965)
15 July 195816 December 1963 Chen C. II Kuomintang
5 years, 154 days
33 Image Yen Chia-kan
(C. K. Yen)

嚴家淦
Yán Jiāgàn
(1905–1993)
16 December 19631 June 1972 Yen Kuomintang
8 years, 168 days
34 Image Chiang Ching-kuo
蔣經國
Jiǎng Jīngguó
(1910–1988)
1 June 197220 May 1978 Chiang C. Kuomintang
Image
Yen Chia-kan
(Kuomintang)
5 years, 353 days
— Image Hsu Ching-chung
徐慶鐘
Xú Qìngzhōng
(1907–1996)

(acting)
20 May 19781 June 1978 Kuomintang Image
Chiang Ching-kuo
(Kuomintang)
12 days
35 Image Sun Yun-suan
孫運璿
Sūn Yùnxuán
(1913–2006)
1 June 197824 February 1984 Sun Y. Kuomintang
5 years, 268 days
— Image Chiu Chuang-huan
邱創煥
Qīu Chuànghuàn
(1925–2020)
24 February 19841 June 1984 Kuomintang
98 days
36 Image Yu Kuo-hwa
俞國華
Yú Guóhuá
(1914–2000)
1 June 19841 June 1989 Yu K. Kuomintang
Image
Lee Teng-hui
(KMT)
5 years, 97 days
37 Image Lee Huan
李煥
Lǐ Huàn
(1917–2010)
1 June 19891 June 1990 Lee Kuomintang
1 year, 0 days
38 Image Hau Pei-tsun
郝柏村
Hǎo Bócūn
(1919–2020)
1 June 199027 February 1993 Hau Kuomintang
2 years, 271 days
39 Image Lien Chan
連戰
Lián Zhàn
(1936–)
27 February 19931 September 1997 Lien Kuomintang 2nd (1992)
4 years, 186 days 3rd (1995)
40 Image Siew Wan-chang
(Vincent Siew)

蕭萬長
Xiāo Wàncháng
(1939–)
1 September 199720 May 2000 Siew Kuomintang
2 years, 262 days 4th (1998)
41 Image Tang Fei
唐飛
Táng Fēi
(1932–)
20 May 20006 October 2000 Tang F. Kuomintang[3] Image
Chen Shui-bian
(DPP)
139 days
42 Image Chang Chun-hsiung
張俊雄
Zhāng Jùnxióng
(1938–2025)
6 October 20001 February 2002 Chang C.-H. I Democratic Progressive
1 year, 118 days
43 Image Yu Shyi-kun
游錫堃
Yóu Xíkūn
(1948–)
1 February 20021 February 2005 Yu S. Democratic Progressive 5th (2001)
3 years, 0 days
44 Image Hsieh Chang-ting
(Frank Hsieh)

謝長廷
Xiè Chángtíng
(1946–)
1 February 200525 January 2006 Hsieh Democratic Progressive 6th (2004)
358 days
45 Image Su Tseng-chang
蘇貞昌
Sū Zhēnchāng
(1948–)
25 January 200621 May 2007 Su I Democratic Progressive
1 year, 116 days
(42) Image Chang Chun-hsiung
張俊雄
Zhāng Jùnxióng
(1938–2025)
21 May 200720 May 2008 Chang C.-H. II Democratic Progressive
365 days 7th (2008)
46 Image Liu Chao-shiuan
劉兆玄
Liú Zhàoxuán
(1943–)
20 May 200810 September 2009 Liu Kuomintang Image
Ma Ying-jeou
(Kuomintang)
1 year, 113 days
47 Image Wu Den-yih
吳敦義
Wú Dūnyì
(1948–)
10 September 20096 February 2012 Wu D. Kuomintang
2 years, 149 days
48 Image Chen Chun
(Sean Chen)

陳冲
Chén Chōng
(1949–)
6 February 201218 February 2013 S. Chen Kuomintang 8th (2012)
1 year, 12 days
49 Image Jiang Yi-huah
江宜樺
Jiāng Yīhuá
(1960–)
18 February 20138 December 2014 Jiang Kuomintang
1 year, 293 days
50 Image Mao Chi-kuo
毛治國
Máo Zhìguó
(1948–)
8 December 20141 February 2016 Mao Kuomintang
1 year, 55 days
51 Image Chang San-cheng
(Simon Chang)

張善政
Zhāng Shànzhèng
(1954–)
1 February 201620 May 2016 S. Chang Independent 9th (2016)
109 days
52 Image Lin Chuan
林全
Lín Quán
(1951–)
20 May 20168 September 2017 Lin Independent Image
Tsai Ing-wen
(DPP)
1 year, 111 days
53 Image Lai Ching-te
(William Lai)

賴清德
Lài Qīngdé
(1958–)
8 September 201714 January 2019 Lai Democratic Progressive
1 year, 128 days
(45) Image Su Tseng-chang
蘇貞昌
Sū Zhēnchāng
(1948–)
14 January 201931 January 2023 Su II Democratic Progressive
4 years, 17 days 10th (2020)
54 Image Chen Chien-jen
陳建仁
Chén Jiànrén
(1951–)
31 January 202320 May 2024 Chen C.J. Democratic Progressive
1 year, 110 days 11th (2024)
55 Image Cho Jung-tai
卓榮泰
Zhuó Róngtài
(1959–)
20 May 2024Incumbent Cho Democratic Progressive Image
Lai Ching-te
(DPP)
2 years, 161 days

Timeline

[edit]
Cho Jung-taiChen Chien-jenWilliam LaiLin ChuanChang San-chengMao Chi-kuoJiang Yi-huahSean Chen (politician)Wu Den-yihLiu Chao-shiuanSu Tseng-changFrank HsiehYu Shyi-kunChang Chun-hsiungTang FeiVincent SiewLien ChanHau Pei-tsunLee HuanYu Kuo-hwaSun Yun-suanHsu Ching-chungChiang Ching-kuoYen Chia-kanWang Yun-wuYu Hung-ChunChen ChengYan XishanHe YingqinWeng WenhaoZhang QunKung Hsiang-hsiWang JingweiSun FoChen MingshuChiang Kai-shekSoong Tse-venTan YankaiPan FuDu XiguiHu WeideJia DeyaoXu ShiyingHuang FuWellington KooGao LingweiZhang ShaozengWang ZhengtingWang ChonghuiZhou ZiqiLiang ShiyiYan HuiqingSa ZhenbingJin YunpengGong XinzhanQian NengxunWang Shizhen (Beiyang government)Wang DaxieLi JingxiJiang ChaozongWu TingfangXu ShichangSun BaoqiXiong XilingDuan QiruiZhao BingjunLu ZhengxiangTang ShaoyiImage

Rank in length by total tenure

[edit]
Rank Individual Days Assumed office Left office Notes
1 Chen Cheng 3524 1544 10 March 1950 1 June 1954
1980 15 July 1958 16 December 1963
2 Chiang Kai-shek 3135 386 24 November 1930 15 December 1931 Pre-1947 Constitution
747 16 December 1935 1 January 1938 Pre-1947 Constitution
2002 11 December 1939 4 June 1945 Pre-1947 Constitution
3 Yen Chia-kan 3090 16 December 1963 1 June 1972
4 Sun Yun-suan 2192 1 June 1978 1 June 1984
5 Chiang Ching-kuo 2179 1 June 1972 20 May 1978
6 Su Tseng-chang 1961 483 25 January 2006 21 May 2007
1478 14 January 2019 31 January 2023
7 Yu Kuo-hua 1826 1 June 1984 1 June 1989
8 Lien Chan 1647 27 February 1993 1 September 1997
9 Yu Hung-chun 1505 1 June 1954 15 July 1958
10 Wang Jingwei 1417 29 January 1932 16 December 1935 Pre-1947 Constitution
11 Yu Shyi-kun 1096 1 February 2002 1 February 2005
12 Hau Pei-tsun 1002 1 June 1990 27 February 1993
13 Vincent Siew 992 1 September 1997 20 May 2000
14 Wu Den-yih
879
10 September 2009 6 February 2012
15 Chang Chun-hsiung
848
483
6 October 2000 1 February 2002
365
21 May 2007 20 May 2008
16 H. H. Kung
709
1 January 1938 11 December 1939 Pre-1947 Constitution
17 Tan Yankai
697
25 October 1928 22 September 1930 Pre-1947 Constitution
18 Jiang Yi-huah
658
18 February 2013 8 December 2014
19 T. V. Soong
635
4 June 1945 1 March 1947 Pre-1947 Constitution
20 Cho Jung-tai 891 20 May 2024 Incumbent
21 William Lai
493
8 September 2017 14 January 2019
22 Liu Chao-shiuan
478
20 May 2008 10 September 2009
23 Lin Chuan
476
20 May 2016 8 September 2017
24 Chen Chien-jen 475 31 January 2023 20 May 2024
25 Mao Chi-kuo
420
8 December 2014 1 February 2016
26 Chang Chun
402
23 April 1947 29 May 1948 Pre-1947 Constitution
27 Sean Chen
378
6 February 2012 18 February 2013
28 Lee Huan
365
1 June 1989 1 June 1990
29 Frank Hsieh
358
1 February 2005 25 January 2006
30 Yan Xishan
275
13 June 1949 15 March 1950
31 Weng Wenhao
208
29 May 1948 23 December 1948
32 Tang Fei
139
20 May 2000 6 October 2000
33 Sun Fo
119
28
1 January 1932 29 January 1932 Pre-1947 Constitution
91
23 December 1948 24 March 1949
34 Chang San-cheng
109
1 February 2016 20 May 2016
35 He Yingqin
81
24 March 1949 13 June 1949

Notes

[edit]
  1. ↑ Resigned on 31 July.
  2. ↑ Did not assume office.

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ Died in office.
  2. ↑ "Premiers of the Republic of China". Executive Yuan. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  3. ↑ Membership suspended.

See also

[edit]