[Entomology • 2025] Ephoron debaratana • A New Species of Burrowing Mayfly (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Thailand

Ephoron debaratana 

 Kwanboon, Auychinda, Suttinun & Boonsoong, 2025

แมลงชีปะขาวเทพรัตน์  ||  DOI: doi.org/10.58837/tnh.25.8.266890 

Abstract

A new species of burrowing mayfly, Ephoron debaratana sp. nov., is described based on the larval stage. The morphological characteristics distinguished the new species from other known Ephoron species are the followings: 1) pigmented lateral tracheal branches on the abdominal gills, 2) number of tubercles on the tusk, and 3) triangular frontal process. The morphological evidence presented in this study is strongly supported by cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene data. This new species was found in a headwater stream in Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. The habitat information and a comparison to the known species of Thai larvae are also presented.

Keywords: COI, Oriental region, headwater stream, New species

Ephoron debaratana sp. nov.

แมลงชีปะขาวเทพรัตน์ 

Sedtawut Kwanboon, Chonlakran Auychinda, Chanaporn Suttinun and Boonsatien Boonsoong. 2025. Ephoron debaratana sp. nov., A New Species of Burrowing Mayfly (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Thailand. Tropical Natural History. Supplement 8; 227-237. DOI: doi.org/10.58837/tnh.25.8.266890   [2025-10-14]

 facebook.com/aununkb/posts/24761681683480737

[Entomology • 2025] Teloganopsis sirindhornae • A New Species of Thai Mayfly (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae) revealed by the Integrative Taxonomy

Teloganopsis sirindhornae   

Buchawongpiwat, Sartori, Boonsoong & Auychinda, 2025 

  

Tropical Natural History. Suppl. 8 (2025); 

แมลงชีปะขาวสิรินธร  ||  DOI: doi.org/10.58837/tnh.25.8.266990  

Abstract

In the present study, a new species of the genus Teloganopsis Ulmer, 1939, T. sirindhornae sp. nov., is described based on specimens collected and reared in Thailand. The new species is distinguished from other Thai Teloganopsis species by its abdominal color pattern, which is consistent across all developmental stages. Both morphology characteristics and molecular analysis support its designation as a new species. A concatenated phylogenetic tree based on COI and 28S rDNA confirms its monophyly and clearly separates it from other Teloganopsis species. Additionally, a description of the chorionic structure of Teloganopsis sirindhornae sp. nov., a distribution map of known Teloganopsis species in Thailand and a dichotomous key for both larval and imaginal stages of known Oriental Teloganopsis species are provided.

Keywords: 28S rDNA, COI, Ephemerellinae, Systematics, Thailand

Teloganopsis sirindhornae sp. nov. Life habitus.
A.male imago. B. male subimago. C. male last instar larva.

Nitikarn Buchawongpiwat, Michel Sartori, Boonsatien Boonsoong and Chonlakran Auychinda. 2025. Teloganopsis sirindhornae sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae), A New Species of Thai Mayfly revealed by the Integrative Taxonomy. Tropical Natural History. Supplement 8 (2025); 238-257. DOI: doi.org/10.58837/tnh.25.8.266990 [2025-10-14] 💜

 

[Entomology • 2024] Baetiella baei, B. lannaensis & B. bibranchia • Taxonomic Notes on the Genus Baetiella Uéno, 1931 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), with Description of Three New Species from Thailand

Baetiella (Baetiella) lannaensis

Phlai-ngam, Boonsoong, Gattolliat & Tungpairojwong, 2024

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1200.116787

 

Abstract

Based on material recently collected in northern Thailand, the present study provides an updated of the genus Baetiella, including Gratia. It comprises six species in Thailand, three of them being new species: Baetiella (Gratia) narumonae, Baetiella (Gratia) sororculaenadinae, Baetiella (Baetiella) bispinosa, Baetiella (Baetiella) baei sp. nov., Baetiella (Baetiella) lannaensis sp. nov. and Baetiella (Baetiella) bibranchia sp. nov. Baetiella (Baetiella) baei sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species by the reduction of the posteromedian protuberances on abdominal tergites I–III, the asymmetrical coniform terminal segment of labial palp, the distal margin of abdominal sternites VII–X each with a row of long, spatulate setae, the dorsal margin of femur with two long, robust setae distally. Baetiella (Baetiella) lannaensis sp. nov. is diagnosed by the posteromedian protuberances present on tergites I–VIII, dorsal margin of femur with a regular row of long, rounded, ciliated setae and body surface covered with numerous, dense, rounded scale-like setae. Baetiella (Baetiella) bibranchia sp. nov. can be separated from other species by coxal gills present at the base of forelegs and midlegs. The molecular study based on the mitochondrial gene COI and a larval key to species of Thai Baetiella are also provided.

Key words: COI gene, diversity, mayflies, revision, Southeast Asia

Baetiella (Baetiella) lannaensis sp. nov., female larva A early larval stage B mature larva.

Sampling sites and the coexistence microhabitats of Baetiella (Baetiella) baei sp. nov. and Baetiella (Baetiella) lannaensis sp. nov.
A Siribhum waterfall (Chiang Mai province) B, C microhabitats of Siribhum waterfall and Mo Pang waterfall (Mae Hong Son Province) respectively. White arrows indicate coexisting microhabitats of B. (Baetiella) baei sp. nov. and Baetiella (Baetiella) lannaensis sp. nov.

 

Sirikamon Phlai-ngam, Boonsatien Boonsoong, Jean-Luc Gattolliat and Nisarat Tungpairojwong. 2024. Taxonomic Notes on the Genus Baetiella Uéno, 1931 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), with Description of Three New Species from Thailand. ZooKeys. 1200: 303-352. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1200.116787

[Entomology • 2023] Neoleptophlebia uncinata • A New Species of Neoleptophlebia Kluge, 1997 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from eastern China

 Neoleptophlebia uncinata Zhou,

in Wang, Yang et Zhou, 2023.

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5343.4.5

 

Abstract

The genus Neoleptophlebia Kluge, 1997 includes five Asian species. Three of them were reported from northeastern Asia and two were found from Chinese Taiwan Island, leaving a huge geographic gap on the Chinese mainland. Here we find a new one, which is named N. uncinata Zhou sp. nov., from Nanjing municipality, eastern China. Via field collecting and indoor rearing, all life stages were obtained, and its nymphs are found living in small creeks (with a width less than 1 m) and shallow waters (with a depth less than 30 cm). Diagnostically, the imago of this new species has larger lateral penial appendages than its congeners, and its nymph has subequal broadened segments II and III of maxillary and labial palpi. Biogeographically, this species bridges two northern and southern groups of the genus.

Keywords: Ephemeroptera, mayfly, phylogeny, taxonomy, new species, China 

Nymphal structures of Neoleptophlebia uncinata sp. nov.:
(A) habitus (dorsal view); (B) habitus (ventral view); (C) nymphal exuviate of holotype (dorsal view). 

Adults of Neoleptophlebia uncinata sp. nov.:
(A) male imago (habitus); (B) male subimago (habitus);
(C) female imago (habitus); (D) female subimago (habitus).

Adults of Neoleptophlebia uncinata sp. nov.:
 (E) male abdomen (dorsal view); (F) male abdomen (ventral view);
(G) female abdomen (dorsal view); (H) female abdomen (ventral view).

Kai-Chen Wang, Qaing-Yi Yang and Chang-Fa Zhou. 2023. A New Neoleptophlebia Kluge, 1997 Species from eastern China (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae).  Zootaxa. 5343(4); 375-385.  DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5343.4.5

[Entomology • 2018] Cryptonympha tracheata • A New Species of Cryptonympha Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Cerro Duida (Venezuela)

Cryptonympha tracheata 

Derka & Nieto, 2018

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4377.4.9 

 Researchgate.net/publication/322937987 

 

Abstract

The genus Cryptonympha includes three species: C. copiosa Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty, 1998; C. dasilvai Salles & Francischetti, 2004 and C. genevievae Thomas, Manchon & Glémet, 2013, known only from the nymphal stage. A description of the nymph of a fourth representative, Cryptonympha tracheata sp. n. is provided here, based on material collected in a blackwater stream on the slopes of the Cerro Duida mountain in south-western Venezuela. The nymph of the new species can be easily distinguished from the other species of the genus by very long tracheal gills II–VII, 2.5 times the length of each tergum, gill I small, nearly half length of gill IV and by posterior margin of terga with rounded spines. A complete description of the new species and a key for nymphs of all known Cryptonympha species are provided.

Keywords: Ephemeroptera, Baetidae

 

 3-5, photographs of study site.
Cryptonympha tracheata sp. n. Nymph. 6, dorsal habitus; 7, lateral view.

  maps of study site location

Cryptonympha tracheata sp. n. Nymph.
8, labrum, left d.v., right v.v.; 9, left mandible; 10, right mandible with detail of prostheca; 11, hypopharynx v.v.; 12, maxilla v.v.; 13, labium, left d.v., right v.v.; 14, fore leg; 15, fore tarsal claw; 16, posterior margin of tergum IV; 17, gill I; 18, gill IV; 19, paraproct;

scale = 0.24 mm.

Cryptonympha tracheata sp. n. 

Tomáš Derka and Carolina Nieto. 2018. A New Species of Cryptonympha Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Cerro Duida (Venezuela).  Zootaxa. 4377(4); 587–592. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4377.4.9 

Researchgate.net/publication/322937987_A_new_species_of_Cryptonympha_from_Cerro_Duida_Venezuela

[Entomology • 2022] Alainites siamensis • A New Species of Alainites (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Thailand

Alainites siamensis  

Phlai-ngam, Tungpairojwong & Gattolliat, 2022

 

DOI: 10.3897/alpento.6.96284

Abstract

A new species of Baetidae, Alainites siamensis sp. nov., is described from Thailand. This new species is closely related to Alainites lingulatus Tong & Dudgeon, 2000, Alainites laetificus (Kang & Yang, 1994) and Alainites yixiani (Gui & Lu, 1999). Species delimitation based on morphological and molecular (mitochondrial COI sequences) evidence is provided. The discovery of this species confirms the wide distribution of Alainites Waltz & McCafferty, 1994 in Southeast Asia.

Key Words: distribution, diversity, mayflies, Southeast Asia, systematic

Alainites siamensis sp. nov., female larva (middle instar larva) habitus:
 A Dorsal view; B Lateral view; C Ventral view.

Scale bar: 1 mm.

Alainites siamensis sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Alainites siamensis sp. nov. is closely related to A. lingulatus, A. laetificus and A. yixiani; these species are distributed in the Southeast Asia. The new species can be separated from the other species by the following combination of characters: i) the shape of labial palp, ii) the setation on tibia, iii) the number of denticles of the claws, iv) the degree of development and spination of paraproct prolongation, v) the number of spines on distal margin of paraproct, vi) number of pairs of gills (Table 4).

Ecological notes: The larvae of Alainites siamensis sp. nov. mainly live among aquatic plants and roots of riparian plants in slow to moderately flowing streams (Fig. 6). The species seems to be rather widely distributed in the northwestern and northern Thailand, but is rare and not abundant (Fig. 7).

Etymology: The specific epithet of this species, siam (noun), refers to the old name of Thailand and to the known distribution of the species.

The sampling sites and habitats of Alainites siamensis sp. nov. larvae:
A–B Yakruae stream, Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province (type locality);
C–D Stream in Mae Ra Mad District, Tak Province;
E–F Stream near the Mining Dr. Phol Kleepbuathe, Thong Pha Phum District, Kanchanaburi Province.

Sirikamon Phlai-ngam, Nisarat Tungpairojwong and Jean-Luc Gattolliat. 2022. A New Species of Alainites (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from Thailand. Alpine Entomology. 6: 133-146.  DOI: 10.3897/alpento.6.96284

[PaleoEntomology • 2022] Evolution of Filter-Feeding in Aquatic Insects dates back to the Middle Triassic: New Evidence from Stem-group Mayflies (Insecta, Ephemerida) from Grès à Voltzia, Vosges, France

Vogesonympha ludovici  

in Sroka & Staniczek, 2022. 

 DOI: 10.1002/spp2.1456 

 twitter.com/ThePalAss 

Abstract

In the aquatic insects, mayfly nymphs have developed a remarkable diversity of life strategies and feeding habits. However, the early evolution of these strategies and the role of mayfly nymphs in freshwater palaeoecosystems remain largely unknown. We investigated fossil mayfly nymphs from the Grès à Voltzia Formation from the Middle Triassic, France, which represents the oldest known outcrop yielding a diverse mayfly fauna. We focused on three species, namely Mesoplectopteron longipes, Vogesonympha ludovici and Triassoephemera punctata, and investigated both original type material and numerous previously unstudied specimens. As a result, we provide a new interpretation of their morphology, life histories, and systematics: the nymphs of M. longipes, V. ludovici and T. punctata were aquatic and at least the former two species undoubtedly lived in flowing water as passive filter-feeders. This finding represents the so far earliest occurrence of this feeding strategy in aquatic insects. The most obvious morphological adaptations to this lifestyle are long filtering setae arranged in rows on forelegs, analogous to some modern mayfly nymphs. We place the three investigated species M. longipes, V. ludovici and T. punctata in a newly established, unranked higher taxon, Sinebranchia, representing the sister group to Heptabranchia (Coxoplectoptera + Ephemeroptera). Sinebranchia share a single-segmented tarsus synapomorphic with Heptabranchia, but retain the plesiomorphic condition of double tarsal claws. Sinebranchia are also characterized by their autapomorphic lack of tracheal gills, probably connected to their life in flowing, well-oxygenated water.

Keywords: Ephemeroptera, filter-feeding, fossil, life history, mayfly, nymph, Mesozoic

Reconstruction of Triassic mayfly larva Vogesonympha ludovici during filtration

artwork: P. Vesely

 

Pavel Sroka and Arnold H. Staniczek. 2022. Evolution of Filter-Feeding in Aquatic Insects dates back to the Middle Triassic: New Evidence from Stem-group Mayflies (Insecta, Ephemerida) from Grès à Voltzia, Vosges, France. Papers in Palaeontology. DOI: 10.1002/spp2.1456

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[Entomology • 2021] Caenis gretathunbergae, C. oromo, et al. • New Records and Taxa of Caenidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Ethiopia, with Particular Regard to the River Awash Region

Caenis gretathunbergae 

 Malzacher, 2021

 DOI:  10.18476/2021.826615

Abstract

Four new species of Caenis and a new subspecies of Afrocaenis major are described from Ethiopia: Afrocaenis major ginchicas sp. n. (imagines and larvae), Caenis gretathunbergae sp. n. (imagines and larvae), Caenis oromo sp. n. (larvae), Caenis grafi sp. n. (larvae) and Caenis afrocaenoides sp. n. (imagines), as well as the larval stages of the formerly described Caenis nervulosa Malzacher, 1990. Additionally, a few males of the Palaearctic species Caenis horaria (Linnaeus, 1758) are recorded for the Afrotropical Region. A larval key to the five Ethiopian species with known larvae is provided.

Figs. 16–17. Caenis gretathunbergae sp. n., habitus of larva. – 16. Macro photograph. 17. SEM.

Fig. 15. Caenis gretathunbergae sp. n., male, habitus. 

Peter Malzacher. 2021. New Records and Taxa of Caenidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Ethiopia, with Particular Regard to the River Awash Region. Integrative Systematics: Stuttgart Contributions to Natural History. 4(1); 1-23. DOI:  10.18476/2021.826615

[Entomology • 2021] Ephoron ookaewae • A New Species of Ephoron Williamson, 1802 (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Thailand

Ephoron ookaewae Techakijvej & Phalaraksh, 2021

in Techakijvej, Sareein, ... et Phalaraksh, 2021. 

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.3.6

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Abstract

The genus Ephoron Williamson, 1802 is widely distributed around the world. In Thailand, only Ephoron indicus Pictet, 1843 was reported in 1961. In this study, a new Ephoron mayfly is described as Ephoron ookaewae sp. nov. In this new species description, the morphological characteristics of larvae and eggs in addition to adults are also shown in detail. Number of tubercles on mandibular tusks, and a median frontal process in larvae, distinguish Ephoron ookaewae sp. nov. from other Ephoron species. Their polar cap shape and a concave indentation in their eggs are also unusual. In addition, the mitochondrial DNA COI sequence data of the newly described Ephoron ookaewae sp. nov. is registered in GenBank. Registration of sequence data for the DNA barcode region of Ephoron mayflies inhabiting the Oriental region remains limited, however it will be useful for future research.

Keywords: Aquatic insects, Mayflies, Asia, Oriental region, DNA barcoding, Ephemeroptera

Ephoron ookaewae sp. nov. 

𝐸𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑜𝑘𝑎𝑒𝑤𝑎𝑒 Techakijvej & Phalaraksh, 2021

Chotiwut Techakijvej, Nattawut Sareein, Jeong Mi Hwang, Yeon Jae Bae and Chitchol Phalaraksh. 2021. A New Species of Ephoron Williamson, 1802 (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Thailand. Zootaxa. 4985(3); 392–402. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.3.6

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[Entomology • 2021] Paegniodes sapanensis • First Record of Paegniodes Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) from Thailand with Description of A New Species

Paegniodes sapanensis Boonsoong, Sartori & Auychinda,

in Boonsoong, Auychinda, Sartori & Khanyom, 2021.

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1036.64880

Abstract

A new species of Heptageniidae, Paegniodes sapanensis sp. nov., is described based on larvae, subimagos, eggs, and COI data. The mayfly genus Paegniodes Eaton, 1881 is reported for the first time from Thailand. The larva of the new species can be distinguished from other known Paegniodes species by i) lamellae of gill I ca 1/4 of fibrilliform portion and ii) mandibles and basal segment of maxillary palp without dense setae on margin. The subimago characters useful to distinguish this new species from previously known species are i) the median stripes on abdominal terga and ii) shape of the female subgenital and subanal plates. The genetic distance between the new species and P. cupulatus (Eaton, 1871) was approximately 11%. The morphological characters of the new species are discussed and compared to other known species.

Keywords: COI, diversity, mayfly, Southeast Asia

    

Paegniodes sapanensis sp. nov., habitus (live)
 A immature larva B male larva C female larva
D closer view of female subimago E male subimago F female subimago.

    

Order Ephemeroptera

Family Heptageniidae

Genus Paegniodes Eaton, 1881

Paegniodes sapanensis Boonsoong, Sartori & Auychinda, sp. nov.

Diagnostic characters of imaginal stage: The diagnostic characters to distinguish our new species from P. cupulatus are: i) the median stripes on abdominal terga and ii) lateral margins of genital plates slightly concave near apex.

 

Etymology: The specific epithet is named for the Sapan waterfall (Bo Kluea district; tourist attraction of Nan province, Thailand), where the holotype is known.

Distribution: Nan province.

Biological aspects: The specimens were collected from tropical mountain streams (Fig. 11A) which are slightly disturbed by tourist activities. The larvae of the new species were found in flowing areas and the littoral zone of the streams, underneath a mostly cobble substrate (Fig. 11B, C).

 Boonsatien Boonsoong, Chonlakran Auychinda, Michel Sartori and Nuttakun Khanyom. 2021. First Record of Paegniodes Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) from Thailand with Description of A New Species. ZooKeys. 1036: 153-170. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1036.64880

    

[Entomology • 2020] Cymbalcloeon sartorii • An Incredible New Mayfly Genus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Thailand

Cymbalcloeon sartorii 

 Suttinun, Gattolliat & Boonsoong, 2020

 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240635 

Abstract

The genus Cymbalcloeon gen. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) is established for a new species Cymbalcloeon sartorii sp. nov. from Thailand, based on larval stage. This genus is unique among all of the Baetidae by the presence of three pairs of single gills on segments V–VII, ventrally oriented to cover the sterna VI–IX. Cymbalcloeon sartorii gen. nov. et sp. nov. presents unique or rare morphological characters such as a deeply concave margin between the prostheca and mola, without setae; a very large subtriangular process of the left mandible; a maxillary palp segment II with scarce and very long setae; almost completely fused labial palp segments II and III with numerous very long setae; elongate tarsal claw with two rows of teeth; a shagreen surface of the terga and paraproct; and a very reduced body size. The gills of the new genus move very quickly during respiration and present a near-synchronous protraction. Due to the very derived larval morphological character and the unknown imaginal stage, the exact phylogenetic position of the genus remains unclear; it most certainly belongs to the concept of Anteropatellata and is possibly closely related to the genus Baetopus.

 

Fig 3. Cymbalcloeon sartorii gen. nov. et sp. nov. Larva habitus. 
(A) female larva, (B) male mature larva.

Cymbalcloeon gen. nov.

Diagnosis: Labrum (Fig 4A) rectangular, almost without distal emargination, dorsally covered with abundant setae not arranged in a row. Mandibles (Fig 4B and 4D) with margin between prostheca and mola deeply incurved, without setae; right prostheca bifid (Fig 4C). Maxilla (Fig 4G) with highly developed 2-segmented palp, long and curvate teeth at apex galea-lacinia. Labium (Fig 4H) with crescent shaped glossae and paraglossae covered with stout setae, labial palp (Fig 4I) with segments II and III almost fused, crescent shaped, covered with numerous very long, thin setae. Foreleg (Fig 5A), femur dorsally with few clavate setae, femoral patch absent; tibia with patella-tibial suture, tarsal claw elongated with two rows of denticles ending with two enlarged denticles. Hindwing pads absent. Three pairs of single gills on segments V–VI, ventrally oriented (Fig 6A). Gonostyli bud (Fig 5C) Cloeon-type.

Etymology: The name of this genus is an arbitrary combination of the “Cymbal”–a musical instrument similar in appearance to the gill plate and gill mobility, and “Cloeon”–the most common and widespread genus of the subfamily. The gender is neutral.

Cymbalcloeon sartorii sp. nov.

Etymology: This species is dedicated to Dr. Michel Sartori (Museum of Zoology, Lausanne) for his outstanding contributions to the taxonomy of mayfly fauna worldwide and more recently in Thailand.

Biological aspects: The specimens were collected at altitudes from 265 m a.s.l. to 530 m a.s.l. in two small, shallow, slow headwater streams (Fig 8). Larvae were found in sandy and pebble bottom substrates, usually together with larvae of Nigrobaetis Novikova & Kluge, 1987 and Centroptella Braasch & Soldán, 1980.

Fig 8. Cymbalcloeon sartorii gen. nov. et sp. nov. Habitat. 
(A) sampling site, Huai Khayeng stream, Kanchanaburi province, Thailand, (B) microhabitat.

Chanaporn Suttinun, Jean-Luc Gattolliat and Boonsatien Boonsoong. 2020. Cymbalcloeon gen. nov., An Incredible New Mayfly Genus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Thailand. PLoS ONE. 15(10): e0240635. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240635