[Botany • 2026] Annona breviflora (Annonaceae) • A New Species endemic to western Mexico

Annona breviflora Ortíz-Rodr., Hurt.-Rev. & Amancio,

in Rodriguez, Hurtado-Reveles, Amancio et Ochoa-Zárate, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.21829/abm133.2026.2629 

Drawn by Carlos M. Ochoa Zárate 

Abstract

Background and Aims: In Mexico, Annona is among the most species-rich genera of the family Annonaceae, with 18 currently recorded species. As part of our ongoing revision of the genus in Mexico, we examined specimens from western Mexico that correspond to a previously undescribed species, which is described and illustrated here.

Methods: The new species was recognized based on the unique combination of morphological features, through comparisons with similar species and a thorough review of the literature. Its conservation status was assessed by calculating its Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO), using the GeoCAT tool and following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

Key results: A new Annona species, Annona breviflora, endemic to western Mexico, is described and illustrated. Based on the criteria established by the IUCN, the species can be provisionally assessed as Endangered (EN B2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv)).

Conclusions: The most similar species to Annona breviflora is A. globiflora, with which it shares small flowers bearing three petals and small leaves that are longer than wide, with 6-10 secondary veins per side. However, A. globiflora occurs in eastern Mexico and exhibits morphological characteristics, such as nearly sessile flowers and glabrous leaves, that clearly distinguish it from A. breviflora.

Keywords: herbarium, floral morphology, Neotropics, taxonomy, tropical dry forest

Annona breviflora Ortíz-Rodr., Hurt.-Rev. & Amancio.
A. habit; B. close-up of the leaf surface showing a dense indumentum of adpressed to ascending trichomes. C. petal, inner view; D. complete flower with three broadly ovate petals rounded at the apex; E. fruit, a syncarp that is somewhat tuberculate, with carpels separated at their tips; F. seed; G. pyramidal to globose floral bud; H. stamen; I. carpel; J. arrangement of stamens and carpels at the center of the flower; K. ovule.

Drawn by Carlos M. Ochoa Zárate based on P. Tenorio et al. 24376 (MEXU).

Annona breviflora Ortíz-Rodr., Hurt.-Rev. & Amancio, sp. nov.

Annona breviflora is morphologically similar to Annona globiflora in the small flowers with three petals, and flower buds pyramidal to globose. However, it is dis-tinguished from it by its broader leaves, 2.5-5 cm wide, sparsely to densely covered with adpressed to ascending hairs below (vs. 1-3 cm wide, glabrous below), and by its longer floral pedicels up to 30 mm long (vs. flowers almost sessile, pedicel up to 3 mm long).

Etymology: the species epithet “breviflora” (from Latin brevis, short) refers to the small size of its flowers, petals and buds.

 

Andrés Ernesto Ortiz Rodriguez, Leopoldo Hurtado-Reveles, Guadalupe Amancio and Carlos Manuel Ochoa-Zárate. 2026. Annona breviflora (Annonaceae), A New Species endemic to western Mexico. Acta Botanica Mexicana. 133; DOI: doi.org/10.21829/abm133.2026.2629 [October 1, 2026]

[Botany • 2026] Puya ukumari (Bromeliaceae: Puyoideae) • A New montane bromeliad Species from southeastern Peru

Puya ukumari  Treviño, Yuca & Gouda, 

in Yuca-Palomino, Mamani-Mayta, Champi-Charalla, Condori-Cuti, Llacta-Gomez, Treviño-Zevallos, Gouda, Forsyth, Whitworth et Pillco-Huarcaya, 2026.

DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.280.211255

Abstract

Montane forests of the Tropical Andes are among the most diverse and endemic-rich ecosystems in the world; however, they remain insufficiently documented, particularly in remote and topographically complex landscapes. Here, we describe Puya ukumari sp. nov. (Bromeliaceae), a new species from humid montane forests and forest–puna ecotonal habitats in the Kosñipata and Mapacho valleys of southeastern Peru, occurring at elevations between 2,300 and 3,300 m a.s.l. The species was first detected during a long-term ecological monitoring program in the region but remained unrecognized for several years due to the limited number of recorded flowering individuals. Its taxonomic identity became evident following the observation of flowering plants during field surveys conducted in 2025. Puya ukumari resembles P. lineata in possessing a simple, nodding, dark-colored inflorescence; however, it is readily distinguished by its considerably larger flowering plant height (160–200 cm vs. 40–80 cm), significantly wider inflorescence diameter (11–12.5 cm vs. 3.5–6 cm), larger lanate sepals (30–33 × 15–18 mm vs. 13–18 × 6–10 mm and floccose), and markedly darker, nearly black petals. These characters support its recognition as a distinct taxon within the group of Puya species with simple inflorescences. The species is currently known from a limited number of confirmed localities within a restricted elevational range. Based on its distribution and the observed threats to its habitat, a preliminary conservation assessment suggests that it should be classified as Endangered (EN) according to IUCN Red List criteria.

Key words: Bromeliaceae, montane forest, Peru, plant taxonomy, Tropical Andes

 

Puya ukumari sp. nov.
A. Habit; B. Lateral view of the flower and longitudinal section of the flower; C. Androecium and gynoecium; D. Stigma with spirally twisted lobes; E. Adaxial and abaxial views of the floral bract; F. Juvenile leaves; G. Spine; H. Blade indument and marginal leaf spines; I. Upper inflorescence bracts near the flowers; J. Basal inflorescence bracts; K. Lateral view of the fruit; L. Bottom view of the fruit; M. Transverse section of the fruit; N. Winged seed.

Illustration by Nidia Sanchez.

Puya ukumari sp. nov.
 A. Inflorescence; B. Frontal view of the flower; C. Lateral view of the flower; D. Longitudinal section of the flower; E1. Androecium and gynoecium; E2. Dorsifixed anthers; E3. Stigma with spirally twisted lobes; F1. Upper right petal; F2. Upper left petal; F3. Lower petal; G1. Adaxial view of the floral bract; G2. Abaxial view of the floral bract; H1. Perianth dissection, showing sepals and petals; H2. Sepal apex; H3. Petal apex. Photographs by Jhon Yuca.

Ecological context, floral visitors, and early regeneration of Puya ukumari sp. nov. 
a. Habitat in humid upper montane forest and forest–puna ecotone, showing rocky slopes and discontinuous canopy where the species occurs;
b. Diurnal floral visitor (bee, Apis mellifera) interacting with flowers during anthesis; c. Diurnal floral visitor Boissonneaua matthewsii approaching the inflorescence; d. Nocturnal floral visitor (Anoura sp.) recorded by camera trap during night activity;
e. Seed germination and early seedling development under ambient montane forest conditions at Wayqecha Biological Station. Scale bar: 5 mm.

Puya ukumari Treviño, Yuca & Gouda, sp. nov.

 

Diagnosis. Puya ukumari is similar to P. lineata but is readily distinguished by its much larger flowering size (160–200 cm vs. 40–80 cm), significantly wider inflorescence (11–12.5 cm in diameter vs. 3.5–6 cm), and much larger sepals (30–33 × 15–18 mm vs. 13–18 × 6–10 mm), which are lanate in P. ukumari and floccose in P. lineata, as well as by its markedly darker petals (nearly black vs. blue).

Etymology. The specific epithet ukumari is a noun in apposition derived from the Quechua word “ukumari”, meaning Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus). The species is dedicated to the Andean bear in recognition of the ecological importance of Puya species as a key component of its diet and of their close association within Andean montane ecosystems.

 Jhon A. Yuca-Palomino, Norma G. Mamani-Mayta, Luis A. Champi-Charalla, Elias Condori-Cuti, Narciso Llacta-Gomez, Italo F. Treviño-Zevallos, Eric J. Gouda, Adrian Forsyth, Andrew Whitworth and Ruthmery Pillco-Huarcaya. 2026. Puya ukumari sp. nov. (Bromeliaceae, Puyoideae), A New montane bromeliad Species from southeastern Peru. PhytoKeys. 280: 113-131. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.280.211255 [15-10-2026]

[Botany • 2026] Neea myrciifolia (Nyctaginaceae: Pisonieae) • A New Species discovered in central Peru

 

Neea myrciifolia  D.S.Costa & Farroñay,

in Costa, Farroñay, Rossetto, Gonzáles et Giacomin, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s12225-025-10369-7

Summary

Neea myrciifolia D.S.Costa & Farroñay (Nyctaginaceae, Pisonieae) a new species found exclusively in central Peru, in montane forest remnants, is here described, more than 90 years after the last Neea species was described for the country. Images of the morphological structures, a distribution map and a provisional conservation status of the new species, as well as taxonomic notes on morphologically similar species, are provided.

Key Words: endemism, Neotropical flora, Pisonieae, Reserva Comunal Yanesha, taxonomy

Neea myrciifolia.
A – B branches with pistillate flowers and fruits; C – D pistillate inflorescence.
A, C from R. Rojas 5731; B, D from R. Vásquez 36005.

photos by: Rocío del Pilar Rojas Gonzáles & Rodolfo Vásquez.

Neea myrciifolia D.S.Costa & Farroñay, sp. nov. 

Recognition. Neea myrciifolia can be easily distinguished from all other species in the genus by a unique combination of vegetative and reproductive characters: opposite leaves with abaxial surface with a verrucose texture covered with sparse, pubescent to tomentose, reddish trichomes, globose 2-branched inflorescences with tubular staminate and pistillate flowers and patent, open, deltoid perianth lobes.

Etymology. The specific epithet "myrciifolia" refers to the vegetative resemblance, e.g. opposite leaves and brochidodromus venation, to the genus Myrcia DC. (Myrtaceae).

Daniel da Silva Costa, Francisco Farroñay, Elson Felipe Sandoli Rossetto, Rocío del Pilar Rojas Gonzáles and Leandro L. Giacomin. 2026. Discovering Neea myrciifolia: the first New Species of Neea from Peru in over 90 years.  Kew Bulletin. DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s12225-025-10369-7 [03 August 2026]

x.com/manuelujan/status/2088201291327488285

[Botany • 2026] Leucheria melorum (Asteraceae: Nassauvieae) • A New Species from the Patagonian Andes

 

Leucheria melorum Horton & Picca, 

in Horton & Picca, 2026.

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.774.3.4 

 

Abstract

A new species of Leucheria endemic to the Patagonian Andes in northern Neuquén, Argentina, is reported. Leucheria melorum is characterized by its cushion-like growth habit composed of dense woolly rosettes, rhizomes covered by persistent old leaves, and capitula with white to pink flower corollas. The species inhabits high-elevation volcanic environments (2550–2900 m a.s.l.) on the Domuyo and the Wayle massifs. We provide a detailed morphological description, illustrations highlighting the diagnostic morphological traits and a key for distinguishing L. melorum from related species. Based on the IUCN criteria and categories, a preliminary conservation status assessment is also given.

 Eudicots, Flora Altoandina, Leucheria, Nassauvieae, Patagonia

A. General view of the habitat of Leucheria melorum on Cerro Wayle at 2900 m a.s.l. with the Volcán Tromen in the background; B. Several dense rosettes; C. Rosette with capitula at different developmental stages; D. Close-up view of some flowering capitula; E. Fruit; F. Photomicrograph of the cypsela surface showing characteristic twin trichomes (indicated by white arrows) and biseriate glandular trichomes (indicated by black arrows).

Photos A, C, E & F: Pablo Picca; B & D: J. Felipe Horton.

Leucheria melorum.
A. Habit; B. Leaf, adaxial view; C. Scape and capitulum; D. Inner phyllary, dorsal view; E. Outer phyllary, dorsal view; F. Bract-like phyllary, dorsal view; G. Flower; H. Flower (ovary and pappus removed); I. Stamens; J. Fruit.

Line drawings by Angélica Marino.

Leucheria melorum Horton & Picca, sp. nov. 

Diagnosis:—Leucheria melorum is morphologically similar to L. candidissima and L. millefolium, which are also present in the northern Neuquén volcanic massifs. However, the new species is readily distinguished by its compact, cushion-like growth habit. It further differs from both by having very short stems (vs. more or less elongated in L. candidissima and L. millefolium), flabelliform leaf blades (vs. lanceolate in L. candidissima and elliptic in L. millefolium) and by having bi- or tri-pinnatisect leaves with oblong segments closely approximated towards the apex (vs. pinnatisect with an elongate terminal lobe in L. candidissima and bi- or tri-pinnatisect with rhomboidal segments in L. millefolium; segments regularly distributed along the rachis in both species).

Etymology:—The specific epithet honors Mabel and Sergio MELO, a couple of dedicated naturalists, who were the first people to collect specimens of this new species. Their keen observations of the high Andean flora and kind cooperation were very important to the recognition of this novelty.

Juan Felipe HORTON and Pablo I. PICCA. 2026. A New Species of Leucheria (Nassauvieae, Asteraceae) from the Patagonian Andes.  Phytotaxa. 774(3); 241-251. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.774.3.4 [2026-09-17]

[Botany • 2025] Dalechampia nivea (Euphorbiaceae) • A New Species from Brazil

Dalechampia nivea  Brigato & O.L.M.Silva, 

in Brigato, Carnriro-Torres, Cordeiro et da Silva, 2025. 

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.701.3.5 

Researchgate.net/publication/391875236

Abstract

We describe Dalechampia nivea, a new species from high-altitude regions (700–1,190 m) within the rainforests of the Atlantic Forest domain. This species has been recorded in the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, and Minas Gerais in eastern Brazil. Dalechampia nivea shares morphological similarities with D. pentaphylla, including leaves with five leaflets and pistillate flower calyx with six entire sepals. However, it can be distinguished by the 3-lobed involucral bracts with entire to serrated margins, lanceolate to ovate bracteal stipules, and tomentose ovary. In contrast, D. pentaphylla has 5-partite involucral bracts with lacerate margins, broadly ovate to reniform bracteal stipules, and pilose to pubescent ovary. This article includes detailed photographs, distribution maps, comments on the habitat, and a preliminary assessment of the species’ conservation status. An identification key for the Brazilian Dalechampia vines with compound or palmatisect leaves divided into five partitions is also provided.

Acalyphoideae, Bahia, Dalechampia sect. Dioscoreifoliae, Taxonomy, Eudicots

LUIZA OLIVEIRA BRIGATO, DANIELA SANTOS CARNEIRO-TORRES, INÊS CORDEIRO and OTÁVIO LUIS MARQUES DA SILVA. 2025. Dalechampia nivea (Euphorbiaceae), A New Species from Brazil.  Phytotaxa. 701(3); 271-278. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.701.3.5 [2025-05-20]

 Researchgate.net/publication/391875236_Dalechampia_nivea_a_new_species_from_Brazil

[Botany • 2026] Atrostemma mexicanum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae: Gonolobinae) • A New Species and First Record of the Genus Atrostemma in Mexico

 

Atrostemma mexicanum Pío-León, Mart.-Domínguez, L.O.Alvarado & Rodríguez-Gómez,  

in Martínez-Domínguez, Rodríguez-Gómez, Alvarado-Cárdenas, Díaz-Mota et Pío-Léon, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.21829/abm133.2026.2640 

  x.com/LiliMtzD

Abstract

Background and Aims: The genus Atrostemma (Apocynaceae) includes 10 climbing plant species of subtribe Gonolobinae, which are distributed from Guatemala to Brazil. This paper describes a new species of Atrostemma for the state of Veracruz, Mexico; this is also the first record of the genus for the country.

Methods: The new species was discovered during botanical expeditions in the municipality of Emiliano Zapata, Veracruz, from December 2025 to June 2026. The taxonomic identification was carried out by reviewing specialized literature and consulting type specimens available online. Its conservation status was assessed according to IUCN Red List criteria.

Key results: Atrostemma mexicanum sp. nov. is endemic to Veracruz, Mexico, and grows in riparian vegetation similar to subtropical evergreen forest and in transition zones between oak forest and tropical deciduous forest, at elevations above 700 m. It is distinguished from the other Atrostemma species of Central America (A. glaberrimum, A. hadrostemmum, and A. hammelii) by its shorter calyx lobes, as well as differences in indumentum and the length of the gynostegium stipite. A record on iNaturalist suggests the presence of a second population between the municipalities of Córdoba and Orizaba, Veracruz. However, it could not be physically located despite explorations in the area where the record was made. Due to its restricted distribution and highly fragmented habitat, it is proposed that the new species be listed as Critically Endangered (CR).

Conclusions: The number of known species in the genus increases to 11 and it is the first species recorded in Mexico, which extends its northern range. This study highlights the importance of continuing botanical and conservation explorations of ecosystems, even when these are already fragmented.

Keywords: flora of Veracruz, iNaturalist, oak forest, tropical deciduous forest, tropical subdeciduous forest

Atrostemma mexicanum Pío-León, Mart.-Domínguez, L.O.Alvarado, Rodríguez-Gómez 

(A-C) Atrostemma mexicanum Pío-León, Mart.-Domínguez, L.O.Alvarado, Rodríguez-Gómez 
 (D-F) Atrostemma hadrostemmum (W.D.Stevens) Morillo 

Atrostemma mexicanum Pío-León, Mart.-Domínguez, L.O.Alvarado, Rodríguez-Gómez sp. nov.

Atrostemma mexicanum differs from its Mesoamerican congeners by having shorter calyx lobes. This species is most similar to Atrostemma glaberrimum, but can be distinguished by having glandular trichomes and a stipitate gynostegium

Lilí Martínez-Domínguez, Carlos J. Rodríguez-Gómez, Leonardo O. Alvarado-Cárdenas, Sarahí Díaz-Mota and Juan Fernando Pío-Léon. 2026. A New Species and first record of the Genus Atrostemma (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, Gonolobinae) in Mexico. Acta Botanica Mexicana. 133; DOI: doi.org/10.21829/abm133.2026.2640 [2026-08-12]

  x.com/LiliMtzD/status/2087921768505753787 

[Botany • 2026] Pterolepis arenacea (Melastomataceae: Melastomateae) • A New Species from the Brazilian Cerrado

Pterolepis arenacea D.Nunes & P.J.F.Guim.,

 in Silva, Figueira, Schindler, Simon et Guimarães, 2026.

DOI: doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2026.2140

Abstract

Pterolepis arenacea is described and illustrated as a new species to the Estação Ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins and its  surroundings, in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Tocantins. This species is restricted to microhabitats of sandstone outcrops surrounded by savanna vegetation. Pterolepis arenacea is the first known species of the genus exhibiting a dorsal appendage on the stamens. Morphologically, Pterolepis arenacea is most similar to species of the P. polygonoides complex, composed of P. polygonoides, P. saturejiformis and P. trimera. Furthermore, Pterolepis arenacea shares vegetative similarities with the  haplostemonous species P. haplostemona and P. xaxa. Detailed line drawings, field photographs, and scanning electron microscopy images are provided. The conservation status of Pterolepis arenacea is preliminarily assessed as Data Deficient (DD) under the IUCN criteria.

Keywords: Estação Ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins, Jalapão, Matopiba, Pterolepis polygonoides, sandstone outcrops

 Field images of  Pterolepis arenacea D.Nunes & P.J.F.Guim., sp. nov.
A, Individuals growing in sandstone outcrop cavities; B, detail of a stem, showing the grey-green abaxial surface leaf blades; C, individuals with both flowers and fruits; D, flowering individual; E and F, details of the flowers and floral bud.

Photographs by M. Figueira (A, C and D; all from M. Figueira et al. 1773) and M. F. Simon (B, E and F; all from R.R. Souza et al. 269).

 Pterolepis arenacea D.Nunes & P.J.F.Guim., sp. nov.
 A, Flowering branch; B, a small branched specimen; C, branch node; D, abaxial surface of the leaf blade; D′, detail of the abaxial surface of the leaf blade base; E, adaxial surface of the leaf blade; E′, detail of the adaxial surface of the leaf blade base; F, front view of the flower, exposing the inner surfaces of the petals and the androecium; G, lateral view of the flower, showing the outer surfaces of the hypanthium and perianth; H, inner surface of the petal, highlighting the venation; I–I′′, antesepalous stamens (I, lateral view of the stamen; I′, front view of the stamen; I′′, detail of the dorsal and ventral appendages); J, gynoecium; K, capsule covered by the hypanthium and persistent sepals; L, exposed capsule; M, open capsule exposing persistent placenta.

Drawn by Carla de Lima from R.R. Souza et al. 269 (A and C–M) and M. Figueira et al. 1773 (B).

 Distribution and habitat of  Pterolepis arenacea D.Nunes & P.J.F.Guim., sp. nov. 
A, Distribution map for Pterolepis arenacea (yellow triangles) (Brazilian states: BA, Bahia; MA, Maranhão; TO, Tocantins). B, Aerial view of the vegetation in the Estação Ecológica Serra Geral do Tocantins (EESGT), showing a predominance of savannas and grasslands interspersed with rocky outcrops. C and D, Habitat where Pterolepis arenacea was found in the municipality of Formosa do Rio Preto, Bahia.

Photographs: Sérgio E. Noronha (B) and M. Figueira (C and D).

D. N. Silva, M. Figueira, B. Schindler, M. F. Simon and P. J. F. Guimarães. 2026. PTEROLEPIS ARENACEA (MELASTOMATACEAE: Melastomateae), A New Species from the Brazilian Cerrado.  Edinburgh Journal of Botany. (83); 1-14 pp. DOI: doi.org/10.24823/ejb.2026.2140 [2026-07-13]

 Researchgate.net/publication/409266877_PTEROLEPIS_ARENACEA_A_NEW_SPECIES_FROM_THE_BRAZILIAN_CERRADO

[Botany • 2026] Passiflora albopurpurea (Passifloraceae) • A New Species of Passiflora Subg. Passiflora discovered in the central montane forest of Peru

 

 Passiflora albopurpurea Chávez-Corcuera,  
 

in Chávez-Corcuera, Castañeda, Gutierrez et Ocampo, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.741.1.10  

  Researchgate.net/publication/400720451 

 Abstract

A new species of Passiflora sect. Granadillastrum belonging to P. subg. Passiflora discovered in the montane forests of Peru is described and illustrated. This new taxon, Passiflora albopurpurea, differs from P. crassifolia by having entire 3–5-nerved leaves, corona in 6 or 7 series, sepals, petals and inner row of corona white and a glabrous ovary. A taxonomic discussion and a distribution map are provided, along with keys for the identification of morphologically related species occurring in Peru. This new species is rare, due to its restricted occurrence with a small population size and should be considered under category Endangered (EN). 

Chanchamayo, Endemism, Passifonflower, Oxapampa, Stipulata, series Menispermifoliae, supersection Stipulata, Eudicots

 

 Passiflora albopurpurea Chávez-Corcuera. A) Fertile branch; B) Senescent flower; C) Stipules; D) Petiole glands; E) Flower; F) Inner view of the flower.

Photographs A-B R. Vásquez; C-F G. Chávez-Corcuera.

Passiflora albopurpurea Chávez-Corcuera sp. nov.

GONZALO CHÁVEZ-CORCUERA, ROXANA CASTAÑEDA, HAROL GUTIERREZ and JOHN OCAMPO. 2026. Passiflora albopurpurea, A New Species of sect. Granadillastrum (Passifloraceae, subg. Passiflora) discovered in the central montane forest of Peru.  Phytotaxa. 741(1); 107-114. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.741.1.10 [2026-02-12] 

  Researchgate.net/publication/400720451_Passiflora_albopurpurea_a_new_species_discovered_in_the_central_montane_forest_of_Peru

[Botany • 2026] Valeriana umbellifera (Caprifoliaceae) • A New saxicolous endemic Taxon from Central Chile Mountains

 

Valeriana umbellifera A. Cádiz-Véliz, A.E. Villarroel & Nic. García, 

Cádiz-Véliz, García, Villarroel et Zúñiga-Acevedo, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.741.1.6  

 Researchgate.net/publication/400718107

Abstract

Valeriana, comprissing approximately 436 species, represents a successful evolutionary radiation within Dipsacales, with an important center of diversification in South America. In Chile, 46 species are currently recognized, 41.3% of which are endemic; two are reported as Endangered and one is probably extinct. The genus is mainly represented by herbaceous species, a calyx that is entire or modified into a pappus, a gamopetalous and pentamerous corolla, an inferior ovary, and an achene as indehiscent dry fruit. During botanical surveys in mountainous areas of Central Chile, specimens of a Valeriana restricted to crevices of steep rocky walls were found. Examination of herbarium material and relevant literature confirmed that it corresponds to a previously undescribed species, here named Valeriana umbellifera. This taxon is characterized by its perennial herbaceous habit, strictly saxicolous ecology, fleshy and glossy leaves arranged in a rosette, and a capituliform inflorescence with an umbel-like appearance. Its phylogenetic position was evaluated using molecular markers within the framework of previous analyses of Valeriana species from the southern Andes. According to IUCN criteria, we propose that the species be categorized as Endangered (EN) due to its restricted distribution, fragmented populations, and threats. The restricted distribution and ecological specialization of this new species underscore the conservation importance of rocky microhabitats in Central Chile, which are increasingly threatened by human activities. 

Taxonomy, Andean flora, IUCN Red List, Mediterranean hotspot, Plant conservation, Phylogenetics, rock outcrops, Eudicots

Valeriana umbellifera.
(A) Habitat; (B) Rhizome; (C) Habit -Cerro Poqui-; (D) Stem; (E) Basal leaves; (F) Detail of basal leave; (G) Petiole; (H) Upper leaves; (I) Bracteoles; (J) Capituliform inflorescence; (K, L) Detail of flowers (female); (M) Dry inflorescence; (N) Achene.

Photographs by A.E. Villarroel, N. García and A. Cádiz-Véliz.

Valeriana umbellifera A. Cádiz-Véliz, A.E. Villarroel & Nic. García, sp. nov.

ARÓN CÁDIZ-VÉLIZ, NICOLÁS GARCÍA, ALEJANDRO E. VILLARROEL, PAULA ZÚÑIGA-ACEVEDO. 2026. Valeriana umbellifera (Caprifoliaceae): A New saxicolous endemic Taxon from Central Chile mountains.  Phytotaxa. 741(1); 57-70. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.741.1.6 [2026-02-12]

 Researchgate.net/publication/400718107_Valeriana_umbellifera_a_new_saxicolous_endemic_taxon_from_Central_Chile_mountains

[Botany • 2026] Sinningia pampeana (Gesneriaceae) • A New Species from the Pampa's rocky outcrops in southern Brazil and Uruguay

 

Sinningia pampeana G.E.Ferreira and Chautems, 
  

in Ferreira, Spiazzi, Barbieri, Chautems et Araújo, 2026.

DOI: doi.org/10.1002/njb.05231 

Abstract

Sinningia pampeana is a new rupicolous species from the rocky outcrops of the Pampa biome in southern Brazil and Uruguay. Morphological analyses based on herbarium material, field observations, and detailed illustrations support its recognition as a distinct species from Sinningia sellovii. Sinningia pampeana is restricted to rock outcrops within the Pampa grasslands, where populations are threatened by grazing, habitat degradation, and potential mining activities. Given the current uncertainty regarding its distribution and sampling completeness, a preliminary conservation assessment of ‘Data Deficient' (DD) is proposed under IUCN criteria.

Keywords: Gesneriaceae, new species, Pampa biome, rocky outcrops, Sinningia

Sinningia pampeana sp. nov. (A) Corolla, frontal view, (B) inflorescence, detail, (C) trichome structure, (D) ovary, transverse section showing the nectary consisting of two separate dorsal glands, (E) ovary, style, and nectary, (F) calyx and corolla showing stamens, (G) coherent anthers, detail, (H) corolla throat, detail showing stamens and anthers, (I) immature capsule, (J) habit.

Drawn from Jarenkow and Garcia 3607.

Morphology of Sinningia pampeana sp. nov.
 (A) Habitat on rocky outcrop, (B) inflorescence in the shrub vegetation, (C) inflorescence, (D) habit, (E) axillary flowers, (F) close-up of the calyx and corolla.

Photo by A. Chautems.

Sinningia pampeana G.E.Ferreira and Chautems sp. nov. 

Diagnosis: Sinningia pampeana differs from S. sellovii by its consistently red, horizontally oriented corollas (versus whitish pink to lilac or yellowish and pendent corollas), included anthers (versus exserted), a slightly bilabiate limb with enlarged dorsal lobes (versus a corolla tubular with subequal lobes), and the presence of only one to ca four flowers per bract axil (versus 3–9 flowers).

Etymology: The specific epithet ‘pampeana' refers to the Pampa biome, characterized by grasslands and rocky outcrops across southern Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. The name derives from the Quechua word ‘pampa', meaning ‘plain' or ‘open field'.

Gabriel Emiliano Ferreira, Daniel Alves Spiazzi, Pedro Henrique Sonsim Barbieri, Alain Chautems and Andréa Onofre Araújo. 2026. Sinningia pampeana sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from the Pampa's rocky outcrops in southern Brazil and Uruguay. Nordic Journal of Botany. DOI: doi.org/10.1002/njb.05231 [24 June 2026]

[Botany • 2026] Microlicia almedae (Melastomataceae) • A New Species from the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil

Microlicia almedae  R.B.Pacifico & Kriebel,

in Pacifico et Kriebel, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.276.193021

Abstract

A new species, Microlicia almedae, is described and illustrated from the species-rich campo rupestre vegetation of Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. The taxonomic novelty is morphologically related to M. giuliettiana and M. pulchra, which are also restricted to Chapada Diamantina. Microlicia almedae differs from the latter two species in leaf shape and size, hypanthium indumentum, calyx lobe shape and size, and petal size. In addition, M. almedae differs from M. giuliettiana by its uniformly magenta petals and from M. pulchra by its capsules with deciduous columellae. Variation in leaf shape among M. almedae, M. pulchra, and M. giuliettiana was quantified using elliptic Fourier analysis, which revealed near-complete separation among the three species.

Key words: Campo rupestre, Lavoisiereae, Pico da Lapa Grande, Serra do Barbado, taxonomy

Microlicia almedae.
 A. Habit; B. Flower; C. Landscape with campo rupestre vegetation at Serra do Barbado, the type locality of M. almedae.

Voucher: L. Daneu et al. 796 (JABU). 

Photos: by L. Daneu (A, B); by E.A. Ramos (C).

Microlicia almedae.
A. Habit; B. Close-up of a branch; C. Leaf adaxial surface; D. Leaf abaxial surface; E. Detail of glandular-punctate adaxial surface; F. Detail of glandular-punctate indumentum on abaxial surface; G. Flower in lateral view; H. Flowering hypanthium and calyx lobes; I. Detail of the indumentum on the hypanthium; J. Petal in adaxial view; K. Antepetalous (left) and antesepalous (right) stamens; L. Gynoecium; M. Apex of style and stigma; N. Ovary in cross-section; O. Capsule enveloped by the hypanthium and calyx lobes; P. Seed in lateral view.

Illustration by Klei Sousa based on L. Daneu et al. 796 (JABU).

  

Microlicia almedae R.B.Pacifico & Kriebel, sp. nov.

Ricardo Pacifico and Ricardo Kriebel. 2026. Microlicia almedae (Melastomataceae), A New Species from the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. PhytoKeys. 276: 183-195. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.276.193021 [12 Jun 2026]

 

[Botany • 2026] Polystemma cualense (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) • A New Species from western Mexico

Polystemma cualense  C.D.Sánchez, S.Islas & A.Black, 

in Sánchez-Sánchez, Islas-Hernández et Black, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.276.176723 

Abstract

A new species of Polystemma is described from the Sierra El Cuale, Jalisco, Mexico. Polystemma cualense is distinguished from its congeners, particularly P. horconesense, by a gynostegial corona higher than the gynostegium, longer external corona lobes, and a black gynostegium. Morphological data were obtained by examining herbarium specimens, consulting digital images from iNaturalist, and reviewing specialized literature. A preliminary conservation assessment based on IUCN criteria indicates that it is a Critically Endangered (CR) species due to its restricted area of occupancy and threats from deforestation, agriculture, and livestock grazing. The discovery of P. cualense increases the known diversity of Polystemma in Jalisco and highlights the floristic importance of the Sierra El Cuale.

Key words: Asclepiadoideae, high diversity, Jalisco, Sierra El Cuale

Polystemma cualense.
A. Complete plant; B. Inflorescence; C. Detail of gynostegium; D. Pollinarium. E. Immature follicle with sepal remnants.

Polystemma cualense C.D.Sánchez, S.Islas & A.Black, sp. nov.

  

Diagnosis. Polystemma cualense resembles P. horconesense in having flowers similar in size and shape. Polystemma cualense differs in having a gynostegial corona higher than the gynostegium (vs. gynostegial corona the same height as the gynostegium), external gynostegial corona lobes 3–4 mm length (vs. 0.5–0.6 mm length) and gynostegium black (vs. gynostegium green-yellowish).

 Cristóbal Daniel Sánchez-Sánchez, Carla Sofía Islas-Hernández and Adam W. Black. 2026. Polystemma cualense (Apocynaceae), A New Species from western Mexico. PhytoKeys. 276: 245-251. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.276.176723   [18 Jun 2026]

 

[Botany • 2026] Psittacanthus job-kuijtii • Novelties in Psittacanthus (Loranthaceae) from Colombia: A New Species and four new records for the Andean and Amazon Regions

 

Psittacanthus job-kuijtii F.J.Roldán, Carmona & J.S.Murillo,

in Carmona-Gallego, Roldán-Palacio et Murillo-Serna, 2026. 

 DOI: doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.1886910 

 

Abstract

Background and aims – Psittacanthus is the largest genus of neotropical mistletoes within Loranthaceae, comprising approximately 110 species. With 37 species recorded to date, Colombia stands as the most diverse country for this group of aerial hemiparasites. Despite this richness, a comprehensive national or regional taxonomic revision of these mistletoes is currently lacking. This study aims to update the knowledge of Colombian Psittacanthus diversity by describing a new species and reporting new records for the country.

Material and methods – This study is based on an extensive literature review and the examination of herbarium material of Psittacanthus. We examined herbarium specimens using both physical collections and high-resolution digital images. Morphological analyses were conducted using dried and rehydrated samples, following the standardized specialized terminology for neotropical mistletoes. Taxonomic descriptions and diagnoses were developed to establish and test taxonomic hypotheses, ensuring a rigorous comparison between focal taxa and previously described species.

Key results – A new species for the Colombian Andes is described, and four new records for the Amazonian and Andean–Amazonian Piedmont of Colombia are reported. Psittacanthus job-kuijtii sp. nov. is described and illustrated herein; this species inhabits the moist lowland forests of the Colombian inter-Andean valleys, which are areas containing exceptional biodiversity. Furthermore, P. amazonicus, P. lamprophyllus, P. pilanthus, and P. zonatus are recorded for the first time for Colombia. The description of this new species and the additional records increase the known diversity of Colombian Psittacanthus to 41 taxa and a total of 111 species for the genus.

Keywords: Andes, flora of Colombia, mistletoe, Psittacantheae, Santalales, taxonomy

Psittacanthus job-kuijtii.
 A. Habit. B. Flower, showing from bottom to top: the upper portion of the flower pedicel, cupule with bract followed by the ovary and calyculus, petals with their tips recurved at anthesis, and protruding stamens and pistil. C. Detail of vermicular projections on the margin of petal. D. Basal ligule in front view. E. Basal ligule in lateral view.

 Based on the holotype (David et al. 6371, HUA). Illustration by Diego Zapata (HUA).

Psittacanthus job-kuijtii.
 A. Triad of an inflorescence showing basal floral parts (flower pedicels and cupule with bract, ovary, calyculus, and proximal portion of petals). B. Flower buds. C. Flower at anthesis with recurved petals.

Photographs from the holotype (David et al. 6371, HUA) by Esteban Domínguez. 

Figure composition by Diego Zapata (HUA).

Psittacanthus job-kuijtii F.J.Roldán, Carmona & J.S.Murillo, sp nov.

 

Diagnosis. Psittacanthus job-kuijtii differs from the remaining species in the genus by the combination of the following characters: percurrent shoots; leaf blades ovate to broadly lanceolate, base truncate to rounded, margins revolute and adaxially extending toward the petiole, forming a V-shaped projection, apex attenuate to acuminate; inflorescences usually double triads, rarely triple triads, or a monad with two triads (all variations were observed in the holotype); flowers 4–5 cm long in pre-anthesis; petals red to orange in the proximal and medial portions and yellow distally with a deltoid, fleshy basal ligule bearing minute papillae, 1.8–2 mm long; stamens dimorphic, staminal hairs absent. Psittacanthus job-kuijtii is similar to P. peronopetalus, but differs from it by having usually double (rarely triple) triads (vs umbels of four triads), and flowers opening at anthesis with petals recurved for about 2 cm (vs flowers opening only at the apex, with petals recurved for no more than 2 mm).

Isabel Carmona-Gallego, Francisco J. Roldán-Palacio and Jhon S. Murillo-Serna. 2026. Novelties in Psittacanthus (Loranthaceae) from Colombia: A New Species and four new records for the Andean and Amazon Regions. Plant Ecology and Evolution. 159(2): 347-355.  DOI: doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.1886910 [2 Jun 2026]